肺泡巨噬細胞通過隱藏免疫系統中的細菌來維持體內平衡
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/9/4 20:01:46
加拿大卡爾加裡大學Paul Kubes和Ajitha Thanabalasuriar研究小組合作的論文發現,巡邏肺泡巨噬細胞(AMs)通過掩蓋免疫系統中的細菌來維持體內平衡。2020年9月3日,《細胞》在線發表了這一成果。
研究人員研發了體內肺泡實時活體成像技術,發現AMs使用Kohn毛孔在肺泡中和肺泡間爬行。重要的是,這些巨噬細胞可以感知、趨化並高效吞噬吸入的細菌病原體,例如銅綠假單胞菌和金黃色葡萄球菌,從而使細菌不被中性粒細胞感知。AM對細菌的趨化性受損會導致多餘中性粒細胞的招募,從而導致炎症和損傷。在患病情況下,甲型流感病毒感染會通過II型幹擾素信號傳導途徑破壞AM爬行,這大大增加了繼發性細菌共感染。
據悉,通過呼吸,人類每天吸入超過10,000升的非無菌空氣,這使得某些病原體進入肺泡。有趣的是,肺泡的數量遠超過肺泡巨噬細胞數目,這有利於缺乏AMs肺泡的形成。如果AM像大多數組織巨噬細胞一樣是固定的,那麼除非有來自血液嗜中性粒細胞的介入,否則病原體將利用這種數字優勢。但是,這將導致全身持續性炎症的發生。
附:英文原文
Title: Patrolling Alveolar Macrophages Conceal Bacteria from the Immune System to Maintain Homeostasis
Author: Arpan Sharma Neupane, Michelle Willson, Andrew Krzysztof Chojnacki, Fernanda Vargas E Silva Castanheira, Christopher Morehouse, Agostina Carestia, Ashley Elaine Keller, Moritz Peiseler, Antonio DiGiandomenico, Margaret Mary Kelly, Matthias Amrein, Craig Jenne, Ajitha Thanabalasuriar, Paul Kubes
Issue&Volume: 2020-09-03
Abstract: During respiration, humans breathe in more than 10,000 liters of non-sterile air daily,allowing some pathogens access to alveoli. Interestingly, alveoli outnumber alveolarmacrophages (AMs), which favors alveoli devoid of AMs. If AMs, like most tissue macrophages,are sessile, then this numerical advantage would be exploited by pathogens unlessneutrophils from the blood stream intervened. However, this would translate to omnipresentpersistent inflammation. Developing in vivo real-time intravital imaging of alveoli revealed AMs crawling in and between alveoliusing the pores of Kohn. Importantly, these macrophages sensed, chemotaxed, and, withhigh efficiency, phagocytosed inhaled bacterial pathogens such as P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, cloaking the bacteria from neutrophils. Impairing AM chemotaxis toward bacteriainduced superfluous neutrophil recruitment, leading to inappropriate inflammationand injury. In a disease context, influenza A virus infection impaired AM crawlingvia the type II interferon signaling pathway, and this greatly increased secondarybacterial co-infection.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.020
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31011-4
Cell:《細胞》,創刊於1974年。隸屬於細胞出版社,最新IF:36.216