* 用英語自身來理解和學習英語是最好的方式,《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列,這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升,並樹立英語思維;* 推薦的閱讀的方法是:先原文,適當看解析閱讀,還有疑惑再看雙語對照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標標註,如果需要了解Dictcom音標,請參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度係數7.1,由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智慧難度分析系統提供評分。
#英語思維#
Why is around 200C/400F the right temperature to cook pretty much everything?【譯】為什麼大約200攝氏度/400華氏度的溫度適合烹飪幾乎所有的食物?【單詞】temperature ['tem-per-uh-cher]['temprt] n. 氣溫;體溫;溫度;發燒【單詞】cook [kook][kk] v. 烹調;燒煮【單詞】pretty ['prit-ee]['prti] adv. 相當地
It's a good balance of speed, browning, and not burning.【譯】這是一個平衡了速度、燒熟與不燒焦(的溫度)。【單詞】balance ['bal-uhns]['blns] n. 平衡;權衡;均衡【單詞】speed [speed][spid] n. 速度;迅速【單詞】browning 原型:brown [broun][bran] v. (使)變褐色,這裡是指將食物燒成褐色,燒熟【單詞】burning 原型:burn [burn][bn] v. 燃燒;燒著;燒毀;灼傷 n. 燒傷;燃燒
Virtually all baking relies on some generation of steam, so you need to be far enough above 100C to get that done.【譯】幾乎所有的烘焙都依賴於蒸汽的產生,所以你需要在100攝氏度以上的溫度下才能完成。【短語】rely on …… 依靠……,依賴於……;例句:They have to rely on the river for their water. 他們用水只好依靠這條河。【單詞】Virtually 原型:virtually 副詞 ['vur-choo-uh-lee]['vtuli] adv. 實際上;幾乎【單詞】baking 原型:bake [beyk][bek] v. 烤;烘焙;烘乾【單詞】relies 原型:rely [ri-'lahy][r'la] vi. 依靠;信任【單詞】generation [jen-uh-'rey-shuhn][den'ren] n. 產生【單詞】steam [steem][stim] n. 蒸汽;水汽;蒸汽動力
Then you don't want to wait forever, so you want to go well above 100C.【譯】一般你不想等得太久,所以你希望溫度遠高於100攝氏度。【單詞】wait [weyt][wet] v. 等;等待【單詞】forever [fawr-'ev-er][fr'ev] adv. 永遠
If you want browning you need the food to get up to about 150C, so you want the oven even more than that.【譯】如果你想要將食物燒成褐色,你需要溫度達到150攝氏度左右,所以會想要能達到比這更高溫度的烤箱。【單詞】oven ['uhv-uhn]['vn] n. 烤箱;烤爐
Above about 250C things start going haywire……paper (like muffin cups) starts to char, things go from browning to burning, and you ruin the outside before the heat can propagate to the middle.【譯】溫度超過250攝氏度,東西就開始亂七八糟了……紙(比如鬆餅杯)會開始燒焦,東西從褐色變到燒焦,在熱量傳播到食品內部之前,你就會破壞食品的外表。【單詞】haywire ['hey-wahyuhr]['hewa] adj. 亂七八糟的;失去控制的;故障的【單詞】muffin ['muhf-in]['mfn] n. 鬆餅【單詞】char [chahr][tɑ] v. (使)燒成炭;(使)燒焦 n. 燒焦物;炭
【單詞】ruin ['roo-in]['run] vt. 毀滅;毀壞
【單詞】heat [heet][hit] n. 熱度;熱;熱烈;激烈;發燒 v. (使)變熱;(使)激動【單詞】propagate ['prop-uh-geyt]['prpɡet] v. 傳播;傳送
Without specific constraints, 200C/400F is hot enough to do what you want quickly without ruining anything.【譯】並沒有特別的數值限制,但200攝氏度/400華氏度已經足夠熱,可以快速地做你想做的事情而不會破壞任何東西。【單詞】constraints 原型:constraint [kuhn-'streynt][kn'strent] n. 約束;強制;約束條件;限制
If you want to more, a lot of cooking (including baking) depends on something called the Maillard reaction.【譯】如果你想要更進一步的解釋,很多烹飪(包括烘焙)都依賴於一種叫做美拉德反應的東西。【短語】a lot of …… 許多;例句:We have grown a lot of beautiful roses this year. 今年我們栽種了許多漂亮的玫瑰。【單詞】depends 原型:depend [dih-'pend][d'pend] vi. 依賴;依靠;取決於【單詞】reaction [ree-'ak-shuhn][ri'kn] n. 反應;生理反應;反應能力;化學反應【專有名詞】Maillard reaction 美拉德反應,又稱梅納反應,由法國化學家路易斯·卡米拉·美拉德,於1912年首次發現。具體指的是食物中的還原糖和蛋白質在加熱時,產生了棕黑色的大分子物質。簡而言之,就是烹飪時讓食物顏色變黑。
The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction that turns things brown and changes the flavour.【譯】美拉德反應是一種化學反應,它使東西變褐色,改變味道。【單詞】chemical ['kem-i-kuhl]['kemkl] adj. 化學的【單詞】flavour ['fley-ver]['flev] n. 味道;風味;韻味
It is a chemical reaction (actually a group of a lot of different chemical reactions) between proteins and sugars, and so affects pretty well any cooking that involves meat, eggs, dairy, sugar, grains, etc.【譯】它是蛋白質和糖之間的一種化學反應(實際上是一組許多不同的化學反應),因此對任何涉及肉、蛋、奶製品、糖、穀物等的烹飪都有很好的影響。【單詞】proteins 原型:protein ['proh-teen, -tee-in]['prtin] n. 蛋白質【單詞】sugars 原型:sugar ['shoog-er]['ɡ] n. 糖,食糖【單詞】affects 原型:affect [verb uh-'fekt]['fekt] vt. 影響;感動;作用【單詞】involves 原型:involve [in-'volv][n'vlv] vt. 包含;使忙於;牽涉;使捲入;使陷入【單詞】meat [meet][mit] n. 肉;主要或重要部分【單詞】dairy ['dair-ee]['deri] n. 牛奶場;乳品店;乳製品 adj. 牛奶的;乳製品的【單詞】grains 原型:grain [greyn][ɡren] n. 穀物;穀類【單詞】etc ['etk] abbr. 及其他;等等(=Et cetera)
(even coffee beans and chocolate)【譯】(甚至咖啡豆和巧克力)【單詞】coffee ['kaw-fee, 'kof-ee]['kfi] n. 咖啡;咖啡色【單詞】beans 原型:bean [been][bin] n. 豆;豆科植物【單詞】chocolate ['chaw-kuh-lit]['tklt] n. 巧克力;巧克力糖;巧克力色
The Maillard reaction is extremely slow/effectively non-existent below about 150C, at which point it starts to occur very quickly.【譯】美拉德反應在大約150攝氏度以下非常緩慢或者基本不存在,150度以上則開始非常迅速地發生。【單詞】extremely [ik-'streem-lee][k'strimli] adv. 非常;極其【單詞】non-existent 形容詞 adj. 不存在的【單詞】occur [uh-'kur]['k] vi. 發生;存在;出現;想到
For that reason, almost all cooking has to happen above 150C.【譯】因此,幾乎所有的烹飪都必須在150攝氏度以上進行。【用法】have to do sth. 表示「必須」、「不得不」、「只好」、「(被迫)很勉強」去做某事,後面跟動詞原形,與情態動詞 must 近義但區別在於:have to 表示客觀的需要,must 表示說話人主觀上的看法,既主觀上的必要。例句:My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厲害,我只得半夜裡把醫生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事) He said that they must work hard. 他說他們必須努力工作。(主觀上要做這件事)【單詞】happen ['hap-uhn]['hpn] vi. 發生;碰巧;出現;偶遇