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吸菸究竟如何傷害胎兒?傷肝
The impact of cigarette damage to unborn babies has been revealed in a new stem cell study.
在新的幹細胞研究中已經揭示了香菸對未出生嬰兒究竟會有什麼樣的影響。
Scientists found that the cocktail of chemicals in cigarettes is particularly harmful to developing liver cells.
科學家發現,香菸中化學物質的混合物對正在發育的肝細胞傷害特別大。
They developed a method of studying the effects of maternal smoking on liver tissue using embryonic stem cells.
他們利於胚胎幹細胞,研究孕婦吸菸對肝臟組織的影響。
The team, led by the University of Edinburgh, also discovered the cigarette chemicals affect male and female foetuses differently.
由愛丁堡大學率領的團隊也發現,捲菸中的化學物質對男女胎兒的影響各有不同。
During their research they used pluripotent stem cells - cells which have the ability to transform into other cell types - to build foetal liver tissue.
在他們的研究中,他們使用具有轉化為其他細胞類型能力的多功能幹細胞,來培養胎兒肝組織。
Liver cells were exposed to the harmful chemicals found in cigarettes, including specific substances known to circulate in foetuses when mothers smoke.
肝細胞暴露於存在香菸中的有害化學物質中,包括已知的當母親吸菸時會在胎兒循環系統中的特定物質。
The study showed that a chemical cocktail - similar to that found in cigarettes - harmed foetal liver health more than individual components.
研究表明,與香菸混合物相似的這種混合物會比個體成分更能損害胎兒肝臟健康。
Lasting harm
持續的傷害
Dr David Hay from the University of Edinburgh’s centre for regenerative medicine, said: "Cigarette smoke is known to have damaging effects on the foetus, yet we lack appropriate tools to study this in a very detailed way.
愛丁堡大學再生醫學中心的David Hay博士說:「香菸的煙氣已知會對胎兒造成嚴重影響,但我們缺乏適當的工具來嚴謹地研究。
"This new approach means that we now have sources of renewable tissue that will enable us to understand the cellular effect of cigarettes on the unborn foetus."
「這種新方法意味著我們現在有可再生組織的來源,這將使我們能夠了解香菸對未出生胎兒的細胞產生的具體效應。」
The liver is vital in clearing toxic substances and plays a major role in regulating metabolism.
肝臟對於清除有毒物質至關重要,在代謝調節方面起主要作用。
Smoking cigarettes, which contain around 7,000 chemicals, can damage foetal organs and may do lasting harm.
含有約7000種化學物質的香菸會損害胎兒器官,並可能造成持久的傷害。
The findings of the latest research, which was carried out in collaboration with the Universities of Aberdeen and Glasgow, also highlighted the different effects of cigarette smoke on livers in male and female foetuses.
阿伯丁大學和格拉斯哥大學合作進行的最新研究結果也突顯了香菸的煙氣對男性和女性胎兒肝臟的不同影響。
Male tissue showed liver scarring and female tissue showed more damage to cell metabolism.
在男性組織中顯示肝臟瘢痕化,而在女性組織中發現對細胞代謝的損傷更大。
Prof Paul Fowler, director of the institute of medical sciences at the University of Aberdeen, said: "This work is part of an ongoing project to understand how cigarette smoking by pregnant mothers has harmful effects on the developing foetus.
阿伯丁大學醫學院院長Paul Fowler教授說:「這項工作是一個正在進行的項目的一部分,以了解孕婦吸菸對發育中的胎兒的害處究竟是怎樣的。」
"These findings shed light on fundamental differences in damage between male and female foetuses."
「這些發現揭示了傷害機理在男性和女性胎兒之間有著根本不同。」
The study is published in the journal Archives of Toxicology.
該研究發表在《毒物學文獻》雜誌上。
來源:BBC