馬裡蘭大學首位華裔校長:我本可以成為上海川普,卻成了美國夢本人

大家晚上好。

這兩天，美國馬裡蘭大學火了。

講真，有人嚮往西方生活，乃至認同西方理念，哪怕在大部分人明顯改善生活條件的今天，也不足為奇。

畢竟，隨著一代代年輕人的成長，哪怕不用走出國門，一些「外國的圓月亮」也在不攻自破……

但今天要說的，卻是一位最早走出國門的「先輩」……

馬裡蘭大學建校150年來首位華裔校長陸道逵（Wallace Loh, 華萊士·陸）。

抗日戰爭結束那年，陸道逵出生於上海一個大戶人家，本有大筆遺產可繼承，但歷史舞臺突然變換主角，他隨父母遷往秘魯。

再後來，他前往美國求學，開始適應和融入這個「耳目一新」的新文化……

此後的故事，變成了人們熟悉的味道。

2013年，馬裡蘭大學學生報《響尾蛇報》發表陸道逵專訪：

讀完才恍然大悟，陸校長，這就是「美國夢」本人啊

下面，故事開始。

我本可以成為上海的川普，這是這位華萊士·陸經常掛在嘴邊的話。他本該擁有一群僕人，繼承一大筆遺產……

He should have been the Donald Trump of Shanghai.

That’s what Loh likes to say, anyway. He should own a lavish mansion in Shanghai. He should oversee an expansive service staff and a generous inheritance.

1945年，陸道逵出生在中國的一個大戶人家，他的祖父在上海市中心擁有五處房產，作為家中的獨孫，陸道逵理所當然是大筆財產的繼承人。

In 1945, Loh was born into China’s privileged elite. His grandparents owned five blocks of downtown Shanghai. As their only grandson, Loh was in line to inherit the expensive properties.

但危機在陸道逵4歲時（1949年）到來，在他看來，這一年，共產黨取代了國民政府的位置。作為國民政府的一名外事工作者，陸道逵的父親很可能會被處決。

But crisis struck when Loh was 4 years old. As an employee of the former government’s Chinese foreign service, Loh’s father seemed destined for execution.

1949年的上海

於是，他們全家申請政治避難，最終來到秘魯利馬，他們原本奢侈的生活，也被茫茫未知所取代，沒有工作，沒有錢，前途一片灰暗……

So the Lohs sought political asylum in Lima, Peru. They replaced a life of luxury with a host of uncertainties: no jobs, no money, no inkling of the hardships that awaited them.

和許多秘魯的中國移民一樣，陸道逵的父母在當地開了一間小雜貨店，他們從來沒有做過像樣的生意，但還是東拼西湊維持拮据的生活。

Like most Chinese immigrants in Peru, Loh said, his parents began operating a small mom-and-pop grocery store. They had never owned a business, but they scraped together enough money for life’s necessities.

在小店後邊，他們壘了幾堵牆，搭上個頂，這樣既當臥室，又當餐廳，需要時客串浴室，陸回憶道，當時外面塵土很大，裡面靠煤油燈照明和取暖。每天放學，陸道逵就到店裡幫忙，搬貨、稱重、收銀……一直幹到晚上十點。

他當時特別害怕周五下午，因為這意味著要在店裡幹整整兩天的活。

In the back of the store, they erected a few walls and a roof to create a living room, dining room and 「bathroom of sorts,」 Loh said, complete with a large dirt patio outside. Kerosene lamps acted as their makeshift heaters.

Each day after classes, Loh stocked shelves, weighed food and worked as a cashier until closing at 10 p.m. He dreaded the end of the school week on Friday afternoons.

Oh my God, he would think. I’m going to spend two whole days working at the grocery store.

這種單調生活持續到了陸道逵15歲高中畢業。比起日復一日地經營雜貨店，父母對他有更高的期許。陸道逵向一堆美國大學寄出了申請，最終被愛荷華衛斯理學院錄取。臨行，父母給了他300美元生活費，這是他們這些年來所有的積蓄，希望他開創一片新天地。

And that was the routine every week until Loh graduated high school at 15 years old. (There was no sixth- or 12th-grade equivalent in Peru, he said.)

His parents wanted more for their only son, experiences beyond the day-to-day grind of running a grocery store. So Loh applied to dozens of schools in the United States before receiving acceptance to Iowa Wesleyan College. His parents gave him $300 — their entire life savings — and let him start a new chapter.

當時陸對美國一無所知，甚至不會說一句英文。

Loh knew 「nothing」 about the United States. He didn’t speak a word of English.

「女僕在哪裡」

『WHERE』S THE MAID?』

陸道逵就這麼來到邁阿密國際機場，他看到來來往往的人們走上一架「會動的樓梯」，他不知道這是什麼，從來沒有見過。

Loh landed in Miami International Airport, where he saw people filing on and off a moving staircase. What was this? Loh thought. He had never seen an escalator.

幾經輾轉，他來到芒特普萊森鎮玉米地中間的愛荷華衛斯理大學校園。

He eventually proceeded to the Greyhound bus station and caught a ride to Iowa Wesleyan’s campus in the corn-producing town of Mount Pleasant.

他在那兒遇到了一連串新挑戰，難懂的課程、奇怪的風俗、大堆難以完成的作業，他甚至不知道該怎麼洗衣服。

There, he faced a litany of new challenges. Forget the indiscernible lectures, the confusing customs, the pile of seemingly impossible homework assignments. He didn’t know what to do with his laundry.

陸回憶說，在秘魯，無論多窮，每家都會有一個女僕，女僕很便宜，而且會幹包括洗衣在內的很多雜活。所以他問自己的室友，僕人什麼時候來洗衣服。

In Peru, everyone, no matter how poor, had a maid, Loh said. Maids were inexpensive, and they were the ones who took care of laundry and many household chores. So, naturally, Loh asked his roommate, a senior, when the maid was coming to do the laundry.

「僕人麼……」他的室友說道，「你得去見這所大學的僕人頭領，不過在這個國家，我們不把他們稱作僕人，而是叫作『教導主任』。」

「Oh, the maid,」 his roommate said. 「You have to see the head maid of the college. But in this country, we don’t call it the maid. We call the person the dean of students.」

於是，從未聽說過洗衣機的陸道逵帶著他的髒衣籃來到了教導主任的辦公室，把他的一堆髒衣服全倒在了這個從來不笑的老女人的桌上。

Loh, who had never seen or heard of a washing machine, took his laundry to the office of the dean of students, whom he described as an elderly, strict woman who never cracked a smile. Loh propped the bag of dirty clothes on her desk.

教導主任嚴厲地盯著陸道逵，窗外傳來其他學生的偷笑，陸的室友也在裡面。最終，系主任收下了陸的髒衣服並讓他幾天後再來，他再去的時候，衣服已經洗好了。

She looked at him sternly before she saw a group of male students giggling outside the window, Loh said. It was his roommate with a group of friends.

The dean took Loh’s laundry and told the freshman to return in a couple of days, when his clothes would be freshly washed.

幸運的是，陸道逵沒多久就理解並適應了美國文化。今天，當陸道逵公開演講或談及大學目標的時候，總是不可避免地會提到創新和企業家精神，這是所有美國主流社會人文大學的基石。

這也是為何馬裡蘭大學在2012年與全球33所其他學校一起參與線上教育巨頭Coursera組織的免費線上課程的原因。

Fortunately, it didn’t take him long to understand American culture. Talk to Loh today about his goals for this university or watch him give a speech, and it will inevitably lead to talk of innovation and entrepreneurship. These must be the cornerstones of any major public research university, he says.

That’s why, in 2012, this university partnered with Coursera, a technology company that hosts free online classes from 33 universities worldwide.

在一個勉強及格的第一學年過後，陸道逵轉到愛荷華格林內爾大學繼續研讀心理學學位，隨後他考上了康奈爾大學的心理學研究生。

After nearly failing his freshman classes, he said, the naive 16-year-old transferred to Iowa’s Grinnell College to complete his psychology degree. He was later accepted into Cornell University’s psychology graduate program.

陸校長之夢想

President Loh

THE DREAM

1963年8月28日，馬丁·路德·金的民權運動達到高潮，25萬人走上華盛頓街頭。

At the height of the Civil Rights Movement, some 250,000 people were preparing to gather in the nation’s capital for the March on Washington on Aug. 28, 1963.

17歲的陸道逵並不了解馬丁·路德·金，但他想親自體驗一下的正被熱議的示威遊行。他搭車400英裡，從哈佛校園（他正在此參加夏季課程）來到華盛頓。

At 17 years old, Loh didn’t know much about Martin Luther King, Jr., but he wanted to experience the much-talked-about demonstration. He hitchhiked more than 400 miles from Harvard, where he was attending summer school, to Washington.

陸道逵並不羞於抒發自己的情感，他談到許多事情時都會流淚，這也包括「我有一個夢想」的演講。這場演說使他下決心研讀法律學位並致力於推動社會變革。

Loh doesn’t shy away from showing emotion; he tears up when he talks about many things, including King’s 「I have a dream」 speech. It was the speech that inspired Loh to earn a law degree and fight for social change.

但讀法律並不容易，1965年，他投出的所有申請都被各所法律學院拒絕。他不得不進入密西根大學繼續攻讀心理學博士，直到6年之後……

But every law school he applied to in 1965 rejected him. So he enrolled in the University of Michigan’s doctoral program before reapplying to several law schools six years later.

1971年，公民運動改變了整個國家，在平權運動的影響下，陸道逵最終獲得哈佛和耶魯的錄取通知。

「我為平權運動的效果感到自豪」，陸說道，「我並不覺得尷尬。」

By 1971, the civil rights movement had transformed the country. With affirmative action in place, Loh received admission and generous scholarships from Harvard and Yale.

「I’m the proud product of affirmative action,」 he said. 「That doesn’t embarrass me.」

當時，陸道逵本已選擇哈佛，他將決定告知了耶魯的招生官員。有趣的是，當時耶魯大學堅持讓他在做決定前與一名實習生談一談，那個實習生，就是希拉蕊·柯林頓。

He chose Harvard and called Yale admissions officers to inform them of his decision. Before they let him finalize his choice, though, they asked him to speak with one of their student interns. Her name was Hillary Rodham.

希拉蕊當時對他說，想要經商和從政的人會去哈佛，而真正想研究社會變革的人，會選擇耶魯。在兩個半小時的電話長談後，陸道逵改變了主意，去耶魯讀書。

She spoke of how the corporate, button-down types attend Harvard, and those who want to institute social change go to Yale. After a two-and-a-half hour phone conversation, Loh called the Yale admissions office to secure a spot in the incoming class.

隨後他見到了希拉蕊，和她當時的男友比爾·柯林頓，這貨當時的外號還叫作「Bubba」。

He met up with Rodham and her then-boyfriend, Bill Clinton, whom fellow students fondly called 「Bubba.」

在耶魯大學的比爾和希拉蕊

陸道逵再次見到「Bubba」，是在1990年，當時他擠在白宮外的人群中，搶著想要和當時的總統握手。

The next time he saw 「Bubba,」 Loh was standing in a long line of people at a White House event in the 1990s, waiting to shake the then-president’s hand. Loh made his way to the front of the line.

當陸道逵拼命擠到最前面，他對柯林頓說，「我不知道你是否還記得我，不過，是希拉蕊幫助我上了耶魯法學院。」

「I don’t know if you remember me, but Hillary helped me go to Yale Law School,」 Loh said to Clinton.

「當然記得你！」柯林頓答道。

「Well of course I remember you!」 Clinton responded.

陸道逵認為，他的前同窗是否真的記得他並不重要，最重要的是，在那幾秒鐘裡，柯林頓能夠讓人感受到全心全意的關注，這就是他能夠成為一個偉大政治家的原因。

It didn’t matter whether Loh’s former classmate really did remember him. All that mattered was that, in those few seconds, Loh felt as if he was the only one in the room who mattered. This, he said, is why Clinton is a great politician.

於是陸道逵學習了柯林頓的做法，無論誰找他，他都會停下與之交談，甚至不會在乎開會即將遲到。無論他在開會、購物還是看比賽，他都會變成現場的大人物，他不會讓任何一個人感到被忽略。

So Loh uses his former classmate’s tactic. He will stop and talk with almost anyone who approaches him, even if he is 10 minutes late to his next meeting.

Whether Loh is in a meeting, working out at ERC, cheering at a sports game or buying a quart of milk in a grocery store, he is a local celebrity of sorts. He cannot let anyone feel ignored.

「他是我的校長，我為他工作，」馬裡蘭大學體育總監凱文·安德森說道，「但他同時是一個好導師、好同事和好朋友。」

「I could say that he is my president and I work for him,」 Athletic Director Kevin Anderson said. 「But it goes beyond that. He’s somebody who’s a mentor, who’s a teacher, who’s a colleague and also who is a friend.」

前美國駐華大使駱家輝，前陣子被美媒爆出已離婚兩年

在80年代做了一段時間法學講師之後，90年代陸道逵開始「平步青雲」，他先後在華盛頓大學法學院擔任院長，在科羅拉多大學博爾德分校擔任副校長，為時任華盛頓州州長駱家輝擔任政治總監，在西雅圖大學擔任藝術與人文學院院長，在愛荷華大學擔任教務長，目前，他在馬裡蘭大學學院市分校擔任首任華裔校長。

He served as law school dean for five years until 1995 before bouncing around a series of posts: provost at the University of Colorado, Boulder; policy director for then-Washington Gov. Gary Locke, the country’s first Chinese-American governor; dean of the arts and humanities college at Seattle University; and provost at the University of Iowa.

「在現實生活中，陸道逵就是那種很內向的教授，他是真的內向，而不是政治包裝，」妻子芭芭拉說道，「然後，到外面他就會變身成為一頭政治動物。」

當一名世界名校的校長，這是全美國最政治的「非政治」職業，陸道逵說道，但這並不意味著自己必須拋棄自己的性格特點。

「In real life, [Loh] is your kind of introverted professor. He’s a true introvert, not political,」 Barbara said. 「And then he turned out to be this political animal.」

Being president of a flagship institution is the most political nonpolitical job in the state, Loh said. That doesn’t mean he has abandoned his quirky approach, though.

妻子芭芭拉說，陸道逵平時內向，但在外就成了「政治動物」

2011年，陸道逵成為首位就任美國大校長的華裔，還一度曾任前美國駐中國大使駱家輝的副手。

這是個典型的20世紀美國夢故事。（完）

近日，在一份聲明中，馬裡蘭大學宣稱，「大學就應該包容不同的觀點」。

這當然是好事。

然而，這學校的真實作為，卻又似乎與此背道而馳。

比如，為了「包容」，校長邀請了某位大和尚來演講……

並稱讚：他輕輕來到這個世界，卻給世界留下了深刻的痕跡。

校長甚至還親自給這位農奴制代言人頒發「人文學榮譽學位」：

而說到「觀點多元」，學校的內部報紙卻收到這樣的投訴……

今年2月，支持川普的馬裡蘭大學學生投訴稱，自己正在被學校孤立，他們張貼的支持川普的海報被人撕毀，甚至有人因為支持川普而被同學唾棄和絕交…

是什麼讓美國青年變得沉默？

當然，能否自如地在美國社會提出這個問題，現在倒成了個未知數。