說到英語,寫作可以說是英語四大技能聽、說、讀、寫中最難的一個了。閱讀和聽力算是輸入,口語和寫作就算是輸出了。想要輸出的好就要大量的輸入積累。不過積累也是寫作中最基本的。
提高英語寫作的方法如下:
分三個步驟,第一步:以譯促寫。找一篇英文範文,把它翻譯成漢語,然後對照漢語,自己把它翻譯成英語。最後,將自己翻譯的英語與最初的範文進行對比,尋找差距。在這個比較和批註的過程中不斷完善提高英語寫作。並且學習範文中地道的表達。
第二步:將自己的翻譯與範文靜心地思考並找出譯文和範文的差異。學習範文文本的起承轉合的技巧,學習範文文本長句短句的錯落交叉,學習範文文本的精確用詞。
第三步:背誦範文。不可以直接背,一定要在做了上面第一二步後再背誦。
以上三個步驟是學習英語寫作的基本方法。在學習完一篇文章後還要精細的做文章分析工作。這樣才能有效的提高寫作能力。
分析工作的內容有:在一篇滿分作文裡面要分析出文章的結構、內容和語言。
一、結構。以議論文為例,議論文裡需要包含論點、理由、論據、結論和論證五個要素。具體來說,"論點"是文章的核心,"理由"是論點成立的依據,兩者構成因果關係;"論據"是對理由的具體解釋,多為事例;"結論"是對觀點的重申,兩者一脈相承,頭圍呼應;而整個寫作過程就是一個"論證"的過程。要想寫好英語議論文就要面面俱到五個要素,然後才能寫出嚴謹、條理清晰的高分作文。
二、內容。很簡單,就是寫作需要細節描寫來支撐文章的段落。不要寫的太淺顯和大空。
三、語言。就是需要保證語法正確,用詞恰當。然後學習範文的精準語言表達。這樣慢慢積累學習詞彙和句型,英語寫作才會真正的提高。
語言的優化需要不斷的積累和練習,多記多練,不斷擴充自己的語料庫,唯有如此,文章才會寫的越來越漂亮。寫作能力的提高不能偷懶,如果有偷懶的想法,寫作一定寫不好。
最後寫作的學習過程中,一定要讓自己養成善於歸納和勤於思考的習慣。這樣在學習寫作的時候腦子才會有真正的輸入,然後變成自己的東西。
還有一點,寫作的過程一定要積累表達精準的詞彙,然後慢慢提高自己寫作的用詞準確性。這樣寫作的文章才會變得高級起來。這樣的話,自己的英語寫作能力也會慢慢的提高的。
附一篇英語範文分析作參考
A or DA: Governments should focus its budgets more on environmental protection than on economic development.
題型:呼籲題
論點:一邊倒(同意)
論證角度:利弊分析
開頭:同意政府應該把財政預算更多地放在環保上。(話題引入+雙方觀點呈現+我方觀點及過渡句)
The past several decades have witnessed that the world’s economy is booming. Modern skyscrapers, convenient communications, fast transportations make it easier and cozier for people to live in this planet. However, people are beginning to realize that the great achievements today seem to be at the price of destroying the nature. They claim that governments should focus its budgets more on environment than on economic development. As for me, I am a big fan of environmental protection and I am wholeheartedly in agreement with this claim. Here are some reasons and examples to support my view.
中間段1:環境保護關係到每一個人的健康問題。(主題句+解釋+細節化展開)
First, the environmental protection is closely bound up with the health of every single person in this world. If the environment is polluted, the basic elements people need to survive must be affected, and thus disastrous results may occur. Recently I have read an appalling fact from newspapers that there is a village in the center of China where the majority of its residents, including kids and seniors, suffer from cancer such as lung cancer, stomach cancer and lymph cancer. The investigator found that the villagers』 drinking water is from a river that is severely contaminated by the industrial discharges of enterprises located at the upstream.
中間段2:經濟的可持續發展需要以環境保護為前提,我們不能竭澤而漁。(主題句+解釋+細節和展開)
In addition, the environmental protection is conducive to the sustainability of economic development. There are some idioms in China, 「killing the hens for the egg」, 「draining the pond for the fish」, and 「burning the woods for the prey」. These ancient wisdoms warn modern people not to gain profits at present without thinking of the future. In other words, we cannot simply satisfy the need of contemporary people regardless of the interest of our next generation. Imagine that if we were in excessive pursuit of economic development by consuming all the natural resources, hunting for precious animals mercilessly and cut down forests, what will become of our descendants?
中間段3:環境保護可以在一定程度上刺激經濟的發展,比如可以發展旅遊業。(主題句+解釋+細節展開)
Last but not least, the environmental protection can boost the development of economy at the same time. For instance, a country that emphasizes on its environment must be a country famous for its sightseeing industry. I have been to Singapore in which I am not only amazed by its prosperous economy but also by its garden-like environment. The lawns, the trees, the rivers are beautifully designed to fit into the city. This case well illustrates that the economic development and environmental protection sometimes construct no conflicts between each other.
結尾:重申觀點+歸納理由/升化主題。
To put it into nutshell, governments should put its budgets on environmental protection than on economic development. In the process of achieving more prosperous economy, people should sometimes stop to think about whether the world we live could provide fresh air, clean water and healthy food, for these are fundamentally vital to the fate of human beings.