在後臺收到一個問題:
您好,可以請教一下最近網上出現的「佛系」"道系"怎麼翻譯比較確切嗎?謝謝
「佛系」 「道系」是流行文化中的新詞,在收到這個問題之前我並沒有聽說過它。通過搜索我了解到:
「佛系」一詞首先出現在日本non-no雜誌,把「佛系男」的特點總結為:1. 依照自己的步調行動;2. 嫌戀愛麻煩 3. 不特別顧慮他人 4. 喜歡獨處 5. 和女生相處會覺得特別累。
公眾號「新世相」於2017年12月11日發表了《第一批90後已經出家了》,在文章中討論了90後的「佛系」生活狀態。文章中把「佛系」定義為:「有也行,沒有也行,不爭不搶,不求輸贏」, 並且說「把佛祖無欲無求的概念偷換到自己身上,其實就是喪文化的一種表現。我不把這理解為真正的自我放棄,而是壓力和焦慮下,年輕人的自我消解。」
尤瓦爾•赫拉利在《人類簡史》中說人類最強的本領是「無中生有」,通過編故事來創造共同想像。了解到「佛性」在流行文化中的定義後,我們知道這個詞是新編的概念,歷史上可能有類似的社會狀態,但是都無法準確的表述當下的情形。
這時候我們需要用描述的方式來解釋這個詞。就像是The beat generation(垮掉的一代), the lost generation(迷茫的一代),如果不了解背景的話,我們無法準確的解讀他們到底是什麼。
人民網的英文版把「佛性青年」翻譯為「Buddha-like youngsters」,用於具體說明的關鍵字是casual and calm mindset:
By using the phrase "Buddha-like youngsters" (佛系青年), it claimed that some of the post-90s generations, who were born between 1990 and 1992,have"seen through the vanity of life" and kept a casual and calm mindset toward career and life.
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專門報導中國新聞的supchina把「佛性青年」譯為「Buddhist Youths」。Buddhist除了表示「佛教徒」外,還可以用作形容詞表示「佛教的」。
來源 supchina.com/2017/12/13/peoples-daily-buddhist-youths-stop-being-so-chill-about-everything/
這篇文章的作者是Jiayun Feng, 本科就讀於復旦大學,後在紐約大學新聞系讀研究生。文章寫得不錯,如果你不知道該如何用英文表達「佛系青年」的話,可以參考、背誦下面這段話:
Not long after well-off middle-aged Chinese men found themselves labeled 「greasy」 (油膩 yóunì) by millions of internet users, China’s post-1990s generation has discovered its own social identity as 「Buddhist youths」 (佛系青年). But don’t be fooled by the name.The term doesn’t actually mean young people are converting to Buddhism — it’s closer in meaning to 「slacker,」 and describes life attitudes such as having no desires, no needs, and no expectations. People who identify as Buddhist youths yearn to be free of strong feelings. They avoid conflict, and try not to take anyone or anything too seriously. These attitudes in some ways resemble Buddhism thinking.
在描述「佛系」文化時,她用到了close to "slacker", have no desires, no needs, and no expectations, yearn to be free of strong feelings, not to take anyone or anything too seriously.後面她還用到了breezy來表示《人民日報》的評論語「雲淡風輕」。
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她也翻譯了「新世相」中的幾個例子,我們也可以參考:
Xin Shixiang 新世相, a popular WeChat public account, provided a few examples of how Buddhist youths apply their philosophy to everyday life:
Hailing a ride:「You can just stay wherever you are. I will walk over.」
In a relationship:「You decide. I’m fine with anything.」
Ordering food:「I have no idea what to eat. Maybe just order the same food I had yesterday.」
Child rearing:「Not many children can be successful people when they grow up, so I want my kid just to have a happy childhood.」
At work:「I desire nothing more than to arrive at my office safely and to leave my office quietly.」
通過這篇文章,我們也了解到了翻譯的基本套路:先清楚我們要翻譯的東西,然後用描述+例子的方式把它表述出來即可。甚至把「佛系」直接用拼音「foxi」表示也沒問題的,加以說明即可。我們來看一下《經濟學人》是如何介紹有中國特色的文化的:
弟子規:Children sit with straight backs chanting in loud voices from theDizi Gui,a classic Chinese text about obedience.
拉麵:Japaneseramenrestaurants are all the rage in London and New York, but the noodles are Chinese:lamian, meaning pulled noodles.
人情:The rural poor continue to give even when they cannot afford it, says Mr Yan, because of a powerful imperative ofrenqing, or personal feelings.
白酒:Their glasses may have contained a special blend of Moutai, an expensive brand ofbaijiu, a liquor distilled from sorghum.
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讀完這篇文章後你可以學到:
1. 有關文化的翻譯,我們可以自信一點,不需要一定要找一個英語詞彙來表示。白酒就是baijiu,餃子就是jiaozi,翻譯成什麼都不如原汁原味準確。
2. 「佛系」可以用"Buddha-like" "Buddist"表示,不過這是一個新詞,我們需要對它加以描述解釋。描述「佛系」生活態度時,我們可以用到這樣幾個詞:casual, calm, breezy, close to "slacker", have no desires, no needs, and no expectations, yearn to be free of strong feelings, not to take anyone or anything too seriously. 描述後還可以補充一個例子進行說明。
「佛系」說完了,
「道系」該怎麼翻譯和描述呢?