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華中農業大學胡紅青教授團隊通過盆栽試驗,評估了水稻秸稈生物炭、沸石和磷礦粉鈍化劑降低酸性土壤中鎘遷移率和水菠菜吸收鎘以及抗氧化反應的效果。相關成果發表於Chemosphere(IF=5.778)。
論文第一作者為華中農業大學Saqib Bashir博士,通訊作者為胡紅青教授,朱俊、付慶靈參與了試驗研究。
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•Alkaline amendments (Biochar, Zeolite and Rock phosphate) are suitable for acid cadmium contaminated soil.
•Rice straw biochar has ability to immobilize Cd and decreased Cd bioavailability to Water spinach.
•FTIR analysis clearly indicate the mechanism of Cd immobilization through complexation.
Agricultural soils contamination with cadmium (Cd) has become a serious concern through anthropogenic activities. The possible environmental friendly solutions for Cd are required to address its mobility through various cost effective amendments. This study aims to evaluate the impact of rice straw biochar (BC), zeolite (ZE) and rock phosphate (RP) stabilizers to minimize the potential risk of Cd mobility and its uptake by water spinach in acidic soil through pot experiment. Concentration of Cd in TCLP and CaCl2 extract gradually decreased with the increase of amendments (BC, ZE and RP) rates. The increase in BC addition from 1.5% to 3% significantly decreased CaCl2-extractable Cd by 65.78%–72.89% and TCLP extractable Cd by 31.16%–37.66% respectively, over control. Whereas, RP addition decreases 53.4%–65.18% and 11.68%-19.48% in CaCl2 and TCLP extractable Cd respectively, as compared to control soil. The addition of BC, ZE and RP decreased Cd uptake by 22.91%–61.82% with 1.5% and 3% application rate, respectively. Moreover, the antioxidant enzymes activity i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) decreased with the addition of BC, ZE and RP under Cd stress. In conclusion, rice straw biochar could be highly recommended as a safe stabilizer to immobilize Cd in polluted agricultural soils.
人為活動導致的農田鎘汙染需要各種具有成本效益的修復手段來解決。水菠菜(Ipomoea aquatica)作為一種常見蔬菜,其吸收鎘的能力約為0.65 mg kg-1,已遠高於世界衛生組織提出的鎘濃度標準(0.2 mg kg-1),因此需要向鎘汙染農田施加鈍化劑以減少水菠菜對鎘的吸收量並有效固定土壤中的鎘。雖然已有研究表明各種鈍化劑對鎘汙染土壤葉類蔬菜生長有影響,但水稻秸稈生物炭,沸石和磷礦粉對水菠菜生長、吸收鎘和固定土壤中鎘的影響尚未見任何報導。生物炭來源廣泛,可有效改善土壤理化性質,但對鎘的鈍化效果還缺少與磷礦粉和沸石的比較。
該論文通過盆栽試驗,評估了水稻秸稈生物炭,沸石和磷礦粉鈍化劑降低酸性土壤中鎘遷移率和水菠菜吸收鎘以及抗氧化反應的效果。結果表明,隨著三種鈍化劑添加量的增加,TCLP和CaCl2提取態鎘濃度逐漸降低。與對照相比,添加量為1.5%-3%的水稻秸稈生物炭顯著降低CaCl2提取態和TCLP提取態鎘含量,下降幅度分別為65.8%-72.9%和31.2%-37.7%。磷礦粉也可使CaCl2和TCLP提取態鎘含量顯著降低,分別降低了53.4%-65.2%和11.7%-19.5%。添加量為1.5%和3%時,水稻秸稈生物炭,沸石和磷礦粉使水菠菜對鎘的吸收量減少22.9%-61.8%。且在鎘脅迫條件下,添加三種鈍化劑可降低水菠菜抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶SOD和過氧化物酶POD)的活性。
供試三種鹼性鈍化劑均適用於改良酸性鎘汙染土壤,且水稻秸稈生物炭對鎘固定效果更好,也減少了水菠菜對鎘的吸收,是減輕鎘對水菠菜毒性的最佳鈍化劑。運用FTIR(傅立葉變換紅外光譜)技術手段還揭示了三種鈍化劑通過絡合作用固定鎘的機理。總之,水稻秸稈生物炭作為一種安全有效的鈍化劑,可被廣泛應用於鎘汙染農田土壤中。
論文引用格式:
Bashir S, Zhu J, Fu Q L, et al. Cadmium mobility, uptake and anti-oxidative response of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic) under rice straw biochar, zeolite and rock phosphate as amendments[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 194, 579-587.
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.162
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