國際熱點 | 在印度穆斯林被謠言攻擊為病毒擴散者

整合 | 鮑亞婷 厲安恬

>> 冠狀病毒：由於新冠肺炎，川普將「暫停移民入境美國」

>>在印度穆斯林被謠言攻擊為病毒擴散者

>>作為世界上穆斯林人口最多的國家，印尼禁止了齋月期間的假日旅行

>>加拿大：至少有22人喪生於該國最嚴重的槍擊案中

>>追蹤位置變化的腕帶輔助疫情管理

>>澳大利亞強制谷歌和Facebook為新聞內容付費

>>因為消費者者往家中囤貨，美國塔吉特公司在線銷量激增

01 新冠疫情

Coronavirus: Trump to 'temporarily suspendimmigration' to US due to COVID-19

冠狀病毒：由於新冠肺炎，川普將「暫停移民入境美國」

@Skynews April 21，2020

Donald Trump has said to "temporarilysuspend immigration" into the US due to the coronavirus pandemic.

唐納·川普表示，由於新冠肺炎的大範圍流行，將「暫停移民入境」。

The US president wrote on Twitter: "Inlight of the attack from the Invisible Enemy, as well as the need to protectthe jobs of our GREAT American Citizens, I will be signing an Executive Orderto temporarily suspend immigration into the United States!"

美國總統在推特上寫道：「由於看不見的敵人的攻擊，以及為了保護我們偉大的美國公民的工作需求，我將籤署一項行政命令，暫停移民入境美國！」

Reaction was mixed, with former Democraticpresidential candidate Julian Castro tweeting: "You cut off immigration,you crater our nation's already weakened economy. What a dumb move."

社會各界對此持有不同的反應。前民主黨總統候選人朱利安·卡斯楚在推特上發表回應：「你切斷了移民，讓我們國家本已疲弱的經濟陷於危境中。這真是愚蠢的舉動。」

But Thomas Homan, Mr Trump's former actingdirector of US immigration and customs enforcement, said: "It makes senseto protect opportunities for our workforce while this pandemic plays out.

但是川普政府美國移民和海關執法部門前代理總監託馬斯·霍曼說：「在這種流行病蔓延之際，保護我們公民的工作機會是有意義的。

Due to measures taken to limit the virus'sspread, almost all visa processing by the State Department has been suspendedfor the past few weeks. This includes visas for immigrants.

由於採取了限制病毒傳播的措施，過去幾周美國國務院幾乎暫停了所有籤證業務。這包括移民籤證業務。

Mr Trump's anti-immigration move comes ashe continues to push for the re-opening of the US economy.

川普籤署移民禁令是為了繼續推動美國經濟復興。

This is despite Dr Anthony Fauci, thegovernment's top infectious-disease expert, warning on ABC: "Unless we getthe virus under control, the real recovery economically is not going tohappen."

儘管政府首席傳染病專家安東尼·富奇博士在美國廣播公司的節目中警告稱：「除非我們控制疫情，否則經濟上的真正復甦將不會發生。」

India's Muslims feel targeted by rumorsthey're spreading Covid-19

在印度穆斯林被謠言指責為病毒擴散者

@CNN April 23 ,2020

As fears of awidespread coronavirus outbreak mountin India, some of the country's Muslims, who make up roughly 200 million of thecountry's 1.3 billion population, have been targeted in Islamophobic attacks onthe streets and online, and accused of spreading the virus.

隨著對新型冠狀病毒擴散的擔憂持續發酵，該國的一些穆斯林在街頭和網絡上被恐伊斯蘭者攻擊，並被指控傳播病毒。而在印度，13億人口中約有2億是穆斯林。

In the capital,New Delhi, for example, volunteers distributing ration kits to Muslim familiessay they face harassment from police and are scared to go out. In Punjab,Muslim milk producers say they have been threatened by villagers, their houseshave been raided by police, and people are scared to buy their produce.

例如，在首都新德裡，志願者向穆斯林家庭分發口糧，他們說他們面臨警察的騷擾，不敢出門。在旁遮普，穆斯林牛奶生產商說，他們受到村民的威脅，他們的房子被警察搜查，人們不敢買他們的產品。

At the center ofthe recent Islamophobia is a gathering of a conservative Muslim missionarygroup in New Delhi in mid-March, and led to a large, highly publicized clusterof coronavirus cases.

最近，伊斯蘭恐懼症的中心是3月中旬在新德裡的一個保守的穆斯林傳教士團體的聚會，這導致了大量的冠狀病毒病例被高度報導。

While theseincidents have been mostly isolated, the virus fears are only amplifyingexisting prejudices, playing into growing Hindu nationalism which in recentyears has seen India's Muslim societies increasingly marginalized.

雖然這些事件大多是孤立的，但對病毒的恐懼只會放大現有的偏見，加劇印度民族主義，近年來，印度的穆斯林社會日益邊緣化。

Since Prime Minister Narendra Modi wasreelected in a landslide victory last year, many Indian Muslims say hisemphasis on empowering India's Hindu majority has left them feeling like second-class citizens in their own country.

自從去年總理納倫德拉·莫迪以壓倒性的勝利再次當選以來，許多印度穆斯林表示，莫迪對賦予印度教多數派權力的強調，讓他們在自己的國家感到自己是二等公民。

Indonesia has the world's biggest Muslim population. It justbanned holiday travel over Ramadan

作為世界上穆斯林人口最多的國家，印尼禁止了齋月期間的假日旅行

@CNN April 24,2020

Indonesia has temporarily banned domestic road, air and seatravel starting Friday to prevent the spread of coronavirus, as millions of Muslims mark the start of the holy monthof Ramadan.

為防止冠狀病毒的蔓延，印度尼西亞自本周五開始對交通進行管制，與此同時，數百萬穆斯林正在慶祝齋月的開始。

Indonesia hasthe world's largest Muslim population, and tens of millions of people maketheir way home to celebrate the end of Ramadan each year with families andloved ones, an annual tradition called mudik.

印度尼西亞是世界上穆斯林人口最多的國家，每年有數千萬人回家與親人一起慶祝齋月的結束，這個一年一度的傳統被稱為「穆迪克」。

But the countryis grappling with rapidly rising numbers of coronavirus infections and thereare concerns that the mass migration home for Idul Fitri -- the Indonesian namefor Eid al-Fitr, the celebration that marks the end of the month-long Ramadanfast -- will spark further Covid-19 outbreaks.

但該國正在努力遏制冠狀病毒蔓延，人們擔心，大量人口因「爾德•費土爾」(印尼開齋節的名稱，標誌著為期一個月的齋月結束的慶祝活動)流動將引發更多的流感疫情。

In the early stagesof the pandemic, Indonesia was a regional outlier, not reporting any Covid-19cases until early March. Now, the countryhas the second-worst outbreak in Southeast Asia, behind Singapore.

在病毒擴散的早期，印度尼西亞作為安全期，直到3月初才報告了19例感染。而現在，該國成為東南亞疫情形式第二嚴重的國家，僅次於新加坡。

To try toprevent the disease spreading further, all holiday travel in the country hasbeen banned, with public transport between major cities suspended from Fridayuntil May 31.

為防止疫情進一步蔓延，印尼已禁止所有假日旅行，主要城市之間的公共運輸從周五暫停至5月31日。

02 社會

Canada: At least 22 people killed incountry's deadliest mass shooting

加拿大：至少有22人喪生於該國最嚴重的槍擊案中

@Skynews April 21，2020

At least 22 people were shot dead after agunman went on a rampage in Novia Scotia over the weekend in Canada's deadliestmass shooting to date.

周末，槍手在新斯科舍省瘋狂掃射，造成加拿大迄今為止最嚴重的大規模槍擊事件，至少有22人被槍殺。

The suspected gunman, Gabriel Wortman, a51-year-old denturist, was dressed as a police officer and had disguised hiscar to look like a police vehicle.

嫌疑人槍手是現年51歲的牙科醫生加布裡埃爾·沃特曼扮成警務人員，並將他的車偽裝成警車的樣子。

Police said Wortman killed people inseveral locations over 12 hours across the rural town of Portapique, and someof his victims were not known to him.

警方說，在沃特曼鄉村小鎮波塔皮克的12個多小時中，他在多個地點殺死了人，而且他並不認識其中一些受害者。

People were shot in their homes andproperties set on fire.

人們被槍殺在家中，大火燒毀了他們的財物。

On Monday, the Royal Canadian MountedPolice said they have recovered bodies from some of the locations of the fires.

周一，加拿大皇家騎警說，他們已經從一些火災後的廢墟裡找到了屍體。

A police spokesman confirmed that 22 peoplewere killed in the attack, as well as the gunman.

警方發言人證實，襲擊中22人死去，其中包括槍手本人。

Police have warned that the number ofvictims will almost certainly rise as investigators search through homesdestroyed by the fires.

警方警告說，隨著調查人員進一步搜尋被大火摧毀的房屋，受害者的人數幾乎確定會增加。

People-tracking wristbands tested to enforce lockdown

追蹤位置變化的腕帶輔助疫情管理

·

@BBC April 24, 2020

Bulgaria is thelatest country to test a wristband that can track people during the coronaviruspandemic.Up to 50 residents in Sofia will be given a device that can recordtheir movements using GPS satellite location data.

保加利亞開始試用可追蹤位置的腕帶，是最新一個嘗試該技術的國家。索菲亞（保加利亞首都）將向50名居民提供一種設備，可以利用GPS衛星定位數據記錄他們的行動。

Several nationsare testing similar wristbands to make sure people are obeying orders to stayat home.South Korea and Hong Kong have also been using electronic trackers tohelp enforce quarantine.

一些國家和地區正在測試類似的腕帶，以確保人們遵守命令呆在家裡。韓國和香港也一直在使用電子追蹤器來幫助實施檢疫。

The trial inBulgaria will use Comarch LifeWristbands, developed in Poland.

As well asconfirming a person is staying at home, the device can monitor the wearer'sheart rate and be used to call the emergency services.

在保加利亞試的是Comarch life腕帶，該腕帶在波蘭開發的。除了確認一個人是否在家之外，該設備還可以監測佩戴者的心率，並用於呼叫緊急服務。

In South Korea,people found to be violating quarantine rules can be ordered to wear a trackingband.

在韓國，被發現違反檢疫規定的人會被要求佩戴追蹤帶。

The devicewas introduced after people were caught leaving their smartphones at home toavoid detection.The band can alert the authorities if the wearer leaves home ortries to remove the device.

該設備是在人們被發現將智慧型手機留在家裡以逃避檢測後推出的。如果佩戴者離開家或試圖移除設備，佩戴者可以向當局發出警報。

Campaigngroups, including Privacy International, have warned that the coronaviruspandemic could be used as a "power grab" by some governments.

包括隱私國際在內的活動團體警告說，這可能被一些政府用作「奪權」的工具。

It has saidnew measures should be "temporary, necessary, andproportionate"."When the pandemic is over, such extraordinarymeasures must be put to an end and held to account," Privacy International said in a blog post.

它說，新的措施應該是「臨時的、必要的、適當的」。當一切恢復正常時，這些非常措施必須被終止並承擔責任，」隱私國際在一篇博客文章中表示。

03 經濟

Australia forces Google, Facebook to payfor news content

澳大利亞強制谷歌和Facebook為新聞內容付費

@Fox news April 20，2020

Global digital platforms Google andFacebook will be forced to pay for news content in Australia, the governmentsaid on Monday as the coronavirus pandemic causes a collapse in advertisingrevenue.

澳大利亞政府周一表示，由於新冠肺炎大範圍流行導致廣告收入大幅下降，政府將強制全球性數字平臺谷歌和Facebook在澳大利亞為新聞內容付費。

Treasurer Frydenberg said the AustralianCompetition and Consumer Commission would release in late July draft rules forthe platforms to pay fair compensation for the journalistic content siphonedfrom news media.

財政部長弗賴登伯格表示，澳大利亞競爭和消費者委員會將於7月下旬發布準則草案，要求平臺為從新聞媒體中獲取的新聞內容支付合理費用，以進行補償。

Frydenberg said he believed that Australiacould succeed although other countries, including France and Spain, had failedin making Google and Facebook pay.

在此前包括法國、西班牙在內的其他國家都失敗了，但弗賴登伯格表示他相信澳大利亞會成功讓谷歌和Facebook付費。

Former Google CEO slams federalgovernment’s coronavirus response, saying it 『cost us lives』.

谷歌前執行長曾抱怨政府為應對新冠肺炎而採取的措施，稱其「威脅我們的生存」。

「We won’t bow to their threats,」 Frydenberg told reporters. 「Weunderstand the challenge that we face. This is a big mountain to climb. Theseare big companies that we are dealing with, but there is also so much at stake,so we’re prepared for this fight.」

「我們不會屈服於他們的威脅，」弗賴登伯格對記者說。「我們了解我們面臨的挑戰。這是一座大山。這我們正在與大公司打交道，但其中也有很多利害關係，所以我們準備好應對這場戰鬥了。」

The ACCC had attempted to negotiate avoluntary code by which the global giants would agree to pay traditional mediafor their content.

澳大利亞競爭和消費者委員會曾試圖通過協商制定一項自願守則，依照該守則，全球巨頭將同意為新聞內容向當地媒體付費。

But the parties couldn’t agree on 「this keyissue of payment for content,」 Frydenberg said.

「但是雙方在『內容付費的關鍵問題』上無法達成共識。」弗賴登伯格說。

Communications Minister Paul Fletcher saidAustralia would take a different approach to Europe, relying on competition lawrather than copyright law.

通訊部長保羅·弗萊徹表示，澳大利亞採取和歐洲不同的做法，依靠競爭法而非版權法實現這一目標。

Frydenberg declined to estimate how muchGoogle and Facebook would pay news media, other than to say it would amount tomillions of dollars.

弗賴登伯格拒絕透露谷歌和Facebook將向新聞媒體支付多少費用，只是表示要花費數百萬美元。

Target's online sales skyrocket asshoppers stock up from their homes

因為消費者者往家中囤貨，美國塔吉特公司在線銷量激增

@ Reuters April 23，2020

A surge in online sales for Target Corp inMarch and April offset the bulk of damage done by coronavirus lockdowns toin-store sales, but its margins continue to suffer along with profit fromhigher costs, the retailer said on Thursday.

美國塔吉特公司周四表示，3月和4月公司在線銷量的激增抵消了新冠肺炎導致的店內銷售的大部分損失，但由於成本上升，其利潤仍持續受不利影響。

The big box retailer said digitalcomparable sales had surged over 275% so far in April, with several days in themonth recording more online sales than Cyber Monday, traditionally the busiestday for e-commerce companies.

這家大型零售商表示，截至4月份，在線銷售量同比已激增超過275％，該月中有好多天的在線銷售量比星期一（傳統上是電子商務公司最忙的一天）要多。

However, the company expects margins todrop by 5-percentage points in the first quarter due to temporary wageincreases of $2 an hour for store and distribution center workers as well ashigher sales of low-margin products such as groceries. The company now plans topay higher wages until May 30.

但是，由於商店和配送中心員工的臨時工資每小時增加了2美元，以及日常用品等低利潤產品的銷量增加，該公司預計第一季度的利潤率將下降5個百分點，。該公司計劃為員工支付較以往更高的工資直到5月30日。

Target, along with Kroger and Costco, isamong a few companies that has benefited from the spread of the pandemic.

美國塔吉特公司，美國克羅格公司和美國開市客公司都是從疫情中受益的少數公司之一。

Other players in retail, especially apparelchains and department stores, have taken a big hit from the pandemic, with someof them on the verge of filing for bankruptcy.

零售業中的其他公司，尤其是服裝連鎖店和百貨公司，受到了疫情的嚴重打擊，其中一些公司處在破產的邊緣。

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