2020年7月23日12時41分,我國在海南島東北海岸中國文昌航天發射場,用長徵五號遙四運載火箭將我國首次火星探測任務「天問一號」探測器發射升空,火箭飛行約2167秒後,成功將探測器送入預定軌道,開啟火星探測之旅,邁出了我國行星探測第一步!
「天問一號」探測器將在地火轉移軌道飛行約7個月後,到達火星附近,通過「剎車」完成火星捕獲,進入環火軌道,並擇機開展著陸、巡視等任務,進行火星科學探測。
China launched a Mars probe on Thursday, aiming to complete orbiting, landing and roving in one mission, and taking the first step in its planetary exploration of the solar system.
A Long March-5 rocket, China&39;s island province Hainan.
About 36 minutes later, the spacecraft, including an orbiter and a rover, was sent into the Earth-Mars transfer orbit, embarking on an almost seven-month journey to the red planet, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA).
逐夢火星 五問「天問」
「天問一號」承載著我們的火星夢一飛沖天,順利踏上前往紅色星球的漫漫徵途。
在我們等待探測器最新消息的時候,不妨先通過五問「天問」,一起來了解這意義非凡的「問天之旅」。
As we wait for updates on the Mars probe, here are five facts about the mission.
34;Tianwen&34;Tianwen&39;t that a perfect fit for the spirit of the Mars mission?
3.為何選擇在此時發射?
Why launch now?
地球與火星距離存在複雜變化,對於火星探測任務來說,每隔26個月才會有一個發射窗口期。在發射窗口內,地球和火星的距離最短,在此期間發射的探測器可以用最少的燃料和最短的時間到達火星。
「天問一號」此次的發射窗口在7到8月之間,一旦錯過,下一次發射窗口要再等兩年才會出現。
For an expedition to Mars, a launch window opens every 26 months. Within the window, the Earth and Mars are properly aligned, meaning the journey will use the least amount of rocket fuel and time.
The launch window for China’s Tianwen-1 mission is open between July and August this year. If China missed this window, it would have to wait another two years for the next one.
39;s no room for error.
39;s Mars exploration has just raised the curtain with the liftoff of the Long March-5 rocket carrying the probe on Thursday.
Days before, the United Arab Emirates launched its Mars mission &34; Next up is the &34; mission by the U.S which is slated for July 30.
人類探測火星史
60年前,即1960年,前蘇聯發射了人類歷史上首個火星探測器,但最終以失敗告終。
1964年,美國發射的「水手4號」在距離火星一萬公裡的高空成功掠過,獲得了第一批火星的照片。
1971年5月,前蘇聯發射「火星3號」,並於同年12月2日在火星軟著陸,是人類歷史上首個成功登陸火星的探測器,登陸後僅工作了20秒。
1971年11月14日,美國發射的「水手9號」成為第一枚成功進入環繞火星軌道的探測器。
火星探測活動中有一半以失敗告終,火星也因此被稱為「探測器墳場」。
Exploration started 60 years ago, when the first Mars probe was sent by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
However, it wasn&39;s Mars 3, launched in May 1971, was the first on Mars, making a soft landing on December 2, 1971. It sent only 20 seconds of data before breaking down. Mariner 9, launched by the U.S., became the first to enter the Mars orbit on November 14, 1971.
Actually, half of the attempts failed. As a result, Mars has been dubbed a &34; for spacecraft.
人類探測火星60年來,共有四種任務類型:飛掠、環繞、降落和巡視,其中最難的是降落。
此次「天問一號」不走尋常「探火路」,將一次實現「環落巡」三步。未來,我國還計劃實施火星採樣返回任務。
探測火星任務類型
There have been four types of Mars missions so far, namely, flyby, orbiting, landing and roving.
The most difficult part of Mars exploration is landing on the planet.
China's Tianwen-1 aims to complete orbiting, landing and roving in a single journey. In future missions, China plans to bring Mars samples back to Earth.
為何我們要不斷「探火」?
戳視頻,了解詳情⬇️
關於地球和火星
這裡還有一些趣味小知識⬇️
仰望蒼穹,尋夢星空。從古代屈原發出的《天問》,到如今「天問一號」遨遊九天,我們對太空的探索永無止境,逐夢之旅也從未止步。