Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol:肥胖會縮短壽命

2014年12月26日訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --根據麥吉爾大學健康中心（RI-MUHC）和麥吉爾大學的研究院開展了一項新的研究調查了體重與壽命縮短之間的關係。他們的研究結果顯示，超重和肥胖的人，壽命有可能減少8年。

這項研究發表在The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology雜誌上，進一步表明當一個人肥胖，可能在生命中更早發生糖尿病或心血管疾病。哥倫比亞大學研究人團隊已經開發了一個計算機模型，以幫助醫生和患者更好地了解體內多餘的體重，研究結果有助於降低預期壽命和心臟疾病、糖尿病的過早發生發展。

Grover博士和他的同事使用來自全國健康和營養調查數據（從2003年至2010），開發了一個模型估計不同體重對成年患者發生糖尿病和心血管疾病風險的影響。這一數據涉及到4000多人，這些個體數據也被用於分析多餘體重對健康生命時間縮短的影響。

他們的研究結果估計，非常肥胖的個體壽命可能縮短長達8年，肥胖的人可能縮短長達6年，那些超重的人可能會縮短三年。此外，與具有健康體重的人（身體質量指數定義為18.5-25）相比，超重和肥胖個體生命時間縮短很明顯。（生物谷Bioon.com）

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Years of life lost and healthy life-years lost from diabetes and cardiovascular disease in overweight and obese people: a modelling study

Steven A Grover MD，et al.

Background
Despite the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes associated with excess bodyweight, development of a clinically meaningful metric for health professionals remains a challenge. We estimated the years of life lost and the life-years lost from diabetes and cardiovascular disease associated with excess bodyweight.
Methods
We developed a disease-simulation model to estimate the annual risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality for people with BMI of 25—<30 kg/m2 (overweight), 30—<35 kg/m2 (obese), or 35 kg/m2 and higher (very obese), compared with an ideal BMI of 18·5—<25 kg/m2. We used data from 3992 non-Hispanic white participants in the National Nutrition and Examination Survey (2003—10) for whom complete risk factor data and fasting glucose concentrations were available. After validation of the model projections, we estimated the years of life lost and healthy life-years lost associated with each bodyweight category.
Findings
Excess bodyweight was positively associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The effect of excess weight on years of life lost was greatest for young individuals and decreased with increasing age. The years of life lost for obese men ranged from 0·8 years (95% CI 0·2—1·4) in those aged 60—79 years to 5·9 years (4·4—7·4) in those aged 20—39 years, and years lost for very obese men ranged from 0·9 (0—1·8) years in those aged 60—79 years to 8·4 (7·0—9·8) years in those aged 20—39 years, but losses were smaller and sometimes negligible for men who were only overweight. Similar results were noted for women (eg, 6·1 years [4·6—7·6] lost for very obese women aged 20—39 years; 0·9 years [0·1—1·7] lost for very obese women aged 60—79 years). Healthy life-years lost were two to four times higher than total years of life lost for all age groups and bodyweight categories.
Interpretation
Our estimations for both healthy life-years and total years of life lost show the effect of excess bodyweight on cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and might provide a useful health measure for discussions between health professionals and their patients.