【晶聞社】Kids News&教育新聞199期【晶晶讀中英文故事】

晶聞社199期 8/9/2020

總編：劉晶晶

副總編：常家睿

副總編：方可瀅

晶議見聞主編：盧可可

晶彩趣聞主編：王雨樂

晶品漫談主編：陳晶露

晶津樂道主編：張樂嘉

晶採新知主編：賀英博

晶彩再現主編：雷岸汀

編輯/校對：全全

晶議見聞

一，神奇校車」系列的作者喬安娜·科爾去世了

https://www.npr.org/2020/07/15/891586790/the-magic-school-bus-series-author-joanna-cole-has-died

喬安娜·科爾（JoannaCole）的神奇校車系列圖書為一代又一代的孩子們帶來了許許多多的科學樂趣。她於2020年7月12日去世，享年75歲。她從1986年開始與插畫家布魯斯·德根（BruceDegen）一起創作了魔術校車系列圖書。現在這一系列已經印刷超過9300萬份，拍成電視後也倍受大人孩子們的喜愛，該節目在100多個國家/地區播出了18年。這一系列叢書獲得了許多獎項，包括NEA基金會對公共教育的傑出服務獎。科爾於1944年出生於新澤西州的紐瓦克。她曾說，神奇校車弗裡茲勒老師的靈感來自她自己的五年級老師。(採編/翻譯:常家睿)

'The Magic School Bus' Series Author Joanna Cole Has Died

Joanna Cole, whose Magic School Bus series made science bothdazzling and goofily fun for generations of children, died on July 12 at age75. She originally created The Magic School Bus in 1986 with illustrator BruceDegen. Now it eventually spun out into dozens of tie-ins and more than 93million copies in print, plus a beloved television show that aired for 18 yearsin more than 100 countries. The book series won many awards, including an NEAFoundation Award for Outstanding Service to Public Education. Cole was born inNewark, N.J. in 1944. She said that her inspiration for Ms. Frizzle was her ownfifth-grade teacher.

二，青少年創業故事：關於非營利組織Reach a Student

http://www.reachastudent.com/about/

Sarina Khemchandandi是非營利組織Reach a Student的創始人，這個組織旨在幫助那些沒有家人或朋友可以尋求建議的孩子。雖然這個想法最初並不被她的父母所支持，因為他們擔心這會分散Sarina在的學業上的注意力，但Sarina的一位老師鼓勵她去追求自己的想法。此後，她的項目取得了越來越多的成果，而她的老師也一直在指導和支持她。(採編/翻譯：盧可可）

About Reach a Student

Sarina Khemchandandi is the creator of Reach a Student, anonprofit aimed to help kids who have the disadvantage of not having familymembers or friends they can seek for advice. Though the idea was not wellreceived by her parents, as they thought it would distract from Sarina’sacademics and extracurriculars, it was one of her teachers that pushed her topursue it. She has since been reaching more and more milestones with herproject and her teachers are always there to guide and support her.

晶彩趣聞

三，美國堪薩斯州一些學生舉辦活動，讓學校餐廳變得更友好

https://newsela.com/read/elem-friendly-cafeteria/id/27167/

學校的午餐時間是很重要的社交時間，但有的孩子卻很孤獨，一個人吃飯，沒有朋友和他們聊天。美國堪薩斯州一些學生看到這個情況，就創辦了一個名叫「無人單獨吃飯日」的活動。該活動每周五舉行，每到活動日，這些學生就會去學校餐廳，和一個人用餐的學生交談，和他們交朋友。有時候他們還去別的學校幫忙。通過這個活動，很多人變成了好朋友，他們一起吃飯，一起聊天，看到獨自用餐的也會去關心和問候。小小的舉動卻帶給孤獨的人更多溫暖。（採編：王雨樂/翻譯：劉凡）

How some Kansas students made the school cafeteria a friendlier place

During lunch time in school, a lot of kids sometimes are lonely. They don't have anyone to sit with. So, there was anevent called No One Eats Alone Day, where people would try to make sure no one was excluded. Some people even went to other schools to help. People would make new friends that day and a lot of people had someone to eat with. This day isso people would see that some people don't have people to eat with and move over to them

四，微重力

https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/scientists-say-microgravity

微重力是重力，是我們在地球上感受到的重力的一部分。要了解微重力是什麼，您首先必須了解重力。重力是將具有質量的物體拉到另一個也具有質量的物體的力。存在的質量越多，重力就越大。重力是您留在地球上的原因。許多人說，當太空人在太空中時，他們幾乎沒有重量，但這不是事實。太空人會經歷微重力。不，空間有重力。只是非常少量。《科學新聞學生》的一名作者Bethany Brookshire說：「隨著距物體施加重力的作用，它變得越來越弱。」 太空人研究微重力，以發現其對生物體的作用。例如，當地球的重力將我們拉低時，我們的骨骼和肌肉就需要保持筆直。(採編/翻譯：張樂甜)

Microgravity

Microgravity is gravity that is a fraction of the amount ofgravity we feel on the Earth. To understand what microgravity is, you first have to know about gravity. Gravity is the force that pulls an object that has mass to another object that also has mass together. The more mass that ispresent, the more gravity there is. Gravity is the reason that you stay on theEarth. Lots of people say that when astronauts are in space, they arepractically weightless, but that is not true. Astronauts experiencemicrogravity. No, space has gravity. Just exceedingly small amounts of it."It just becomes weaker with distance from the object exerting the gravitational force," states Bethany Brookshire, a staff writer atScienceNews for Students.A stronauts study microgravity to find out what itdoes to an organism. An example of this would be our bones and muscle needingto stay up straight when the earth's gravity is pulling us down.

晶品漫談

五，博物館 –The Vatican Museum

梵蒂岡博物館是梵蒂岡市的公共藝術和雕塑博物館。他們展示了整個世紀以來天主教堂和羅馬教皇聚集的龐大的藏品，其中包括世界上最著名的羅馬雕塑和文藝復興時期藝術的最重要傑作。這些博物館約有70,000件作品，其中有20,000件正在展出，目前僱用640名員工，分別在40個不同的行政，學術和修復部門工作。(採編/翻譯：陳晶露）

The Vatican Museum

The Vatican Museums are the public art andsculpture museums in Vatican City. They display works from the immensecollection amassed by the Catholic Church and the papacy throughout thecenturies including several of the most renowned Roman sculptures and most important master pieces of Renaissance art in the world. The museums containroughly 70,000 works, of which 20,000 are on display, and currently employ 640people who work in 40 different administrative, scholarly, and restoration departments.

六，故事簡介 －獨立之路（Road to Independence）

https://www.amazon.com/Road-Independence-Jay-Thomas/dp/B004AN1VJ2

1774年，來自波士頓的年輕律師約翰·亞當斯（JohnAdams）剛剛被任命參加第一屆大陸會議。他很討人厭，不太受人喜歡，直到他遇到了一個安靜，愉快的年輕人託馬斯·傑斐遜(Thomas Jefferson)。他們和本·富蘭克林(Ben Franklin)，喬治·華盛頓(George Washington)和派屈克·亨利(Patrick Henry)發現2/3的美國殖民者對他們的「光榮事業」並不感興趣。他們不屈不撓地踏上了歷史上最著名的但並不被當時的人們正確評價的時代。導演邁克·丘奇（Mike Church）帶領我們踏上了一段激動人心、時而搞笑的美國獨立之路。（採編：陳瑞琳；翻譯：陳橄欖，陳瑞琳）

Summary

The year is 1774 and John Adams, a brash,young lawyer from Boston has just been appointed to the 1st ContinentalCongress. He is obnoxious and not very well liked until he meets the quiet,pleasant young man named Thomas Jefferson. These men along with Ben Franklin(Emmy Award winner Jay Thomas) George Washington and Patrick Henry discover that 2/3 of American colonists have no interest in their "gloriouscause". Undaunted they embark on one of history's most famous yet incorrectly told epochs. Director Mike Church takes us on an exciting sometime shilarious journey down America's Road to Independence.

晶津樂道

七，孩子年滿18歲以後需要籤署的5份文件（八）

https://www.investopedia.com/personal-finance/if-your-kid-18-you-need-these-documents/

#8 關鍵要點

· 當您的孩子年滿18歲時，根據法律，他們將被視為成年人，除非您已申請適當的法律文書，否則您將無權獲得有關成年孩子的財務，健康或教育的信息。

18歲以上的任何人都必須書面許可另一名成年人接收他們的醫療信息，即使另一名成年人是其父母。

· 醫療授權書（POA）使您可以在另一個成年人喪失能力的時候做出關於該人健康狀況的決定，而持久性POA則可以使您為該人做出商業決定。

· 生計權使您有權為另一位成年人做出有關延長生命的醫療治療方案和器官捐贈決定。(採編/翻譯 方可瀅）

#8KEY TAKEAWAYS

· When your child turns 18, they are considered by law to be anadult and unless you have filed for the appropriate legal paperwork, you willnot be entitled to information about their finances, health, or education.

· Anyone over 18 must give written permission for another adult toreceive medical information about them, even if the other adult is theirparent.

· A medical power of attorney (POA) lets you make decisions about anotheradult's health if they become incapacitated, while a durable POA allows you tomake business decisions for that person.

· A living will gives you the authorization to make decisions foranother adult about life-extending medical treatment and organ donations.

晶採新知

八，高海拔哺乳動物

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/south-american-mouse-world-highest-dwelling-mammal

當您隨著空氣上升時，空氣中的氧氣含量也會逐漸降低。最近，一隻黃色腰狀葉耳小鼠打破了世界紀錄，成為有史以來居住海拔最高的哺乳動物。該記錄先前是由大耳的皮卡保持的，據報導，這是1921年珠穆朗瑪峰探險時在6130米的高度上發現的。在這個海拔高度，空氣中只有約44％的海平面氧氣。這使得維持任何形式的體育活動或智力活動變得非常困難。在海平面上也發現了這種黃色的腰鼓狀葉耳小鼠，這表明該物種除了有高海拔記錄外，還有比其它所有哺乳動物都廣泛的高分布率。了解這些動物和其他動物在低氧條件下如何生存，可以提供有關人類如何克服由氧氣水平降低導致的疾病的見解。（採編/翻譯：張樂嘉)

Mammals at High Altitudes

As you go higher upin the air, oxygen levels in the air also decreases. Recently ayellow-romped leaf-eared mouse has shattered the world record as thehighest-dwelling mammal yet documented. The record was previously held bythe large-eared pika, reported at an altitude of 6,130 meters during a 1921Mount Everest expedition. At these altitudes there is only about 44% ofsea level oxygen in the air. This makes it exceedingly difficult tosustain any kind of physical activity, or mental activity. Thisyellow-rumped leaf-eared mouse has been found at sea level indicating that thisspecies has the broadest altitude distribution of any mammal, in addition tothe altitude record. Understanding how these and other animals surviveunder low-oxygen conditions could provide insight into how humans couldovercome diseases that cause reduced oxygen levels.

晶彩再現

九，頭腦創新思維競賽

https://www.destinationimagination.org/challenge-program/

本次比賽向所有人開放，面向世界各地的幼兒園學生到大學生！與你的七人小組一起，共同努力尋找挑戰賽的解決方案。如果你勇敢，聰明，並且有興趣了解更多，那麼這個活動就是為你而創造的。主要目的是讓你充分發揮想像力，將你的想法變為現實。通常，每個小組需要2到4個月的時間來制定計劃。你還有機會在各種錦標賽中展示自己的創作！截止日期已到2020年，但應該在明年年初重新開放。(採編/翻譯:雷岸汀）

Destination Imagination

Thiscompetition is open to everyone, from kindergarten students to college studentsfrom all over the world! With your group of seven people, you work together tofind a solution to the Challenge. If you are brave, bright, and interested inlearning more, this event was created for you. The main purpose is letting yourimagination run wild and bringing your idea to life. Usually, each group takes2 to 4 months developing their plan. You are also given the opportunity toshowcase your creation at a variety of tournaments! The deadline has passed for2020, but it should open again at the beginning of next year.

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