瘦素-BDNF途徑可調控脂肪組織交感神經
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/7/24 16:39:29
美國洛克菲勒大學Jeffrey Friedman和Ken H. Loh研究組合作取得新進展。他們發現瘦素-BDNF途徑調控脂肪組織的交感神經。該項研究成果發表在2020年7月22日出版的《自然》雜誌上。
研究人員發現,瘦素基因(ob)敲除小鼠,以及瘦素抵抗飲食誘導的肥胖小鼠,表現出皮下白色和棕色脂肪組織交感神經支配的顯著減少。ob / ob小鼠的慢性瘦素治療,可恢復脂肪組織的交感神經,這反過來對於糾正相關功能缺陷是必需的。瘦素對神經支配的作用是通過下丘腦弓狀核中的刺骨相關肽和促黑素皮質素神經元介導的。
在任一群體中編碼瘦素受體的基因的缺失,導致脂肪神經支配的減少。這些刺骨相關肽和促黑素皮質素神經元,通過下丘腦室旁核(BDNFPVH)中腦源性神經營養因子表達神經元起作用。BDNFPVH的敲除減弱了瘦素對神經支配的影響。這些數據表明,瘦素信號傳導通過自上而下的神經途徑調節脂肪組織交感結構的可塑性,這對於能量穩態至關重要。
研究人員表示,ob的突變會導致包括嚴重肥胖,熱生成和脂肪分解的代謝紊亂,這兩者都是交感神經系統調節的脂肪組織功能。但是,這些與交感神經有關的異常的基礎尚不清楚。此外,長期施用瘦蛋白可逆轉脂肪組織中的這些異常,但其潛在機制尚待發現。
附:英文原文
Title: A leptin–BDNF pathway regulating sympathetic innervation of adipose tissue
Author: Putianqi Wang, Ken H. Loh, Michelle Wu, Donald A. Morgan, Marc Schneeberger, Xiaofei Yu, Jingyi Chi, Christin Kosse, Damian Kim, Kamal Rahmouni, Paul Cohen, Jeffrey Friedman
Issue&Volume: 2020-07-22
Abstract: Mutations in the leptin gene (ob) result in a metabolic disorder that includes severe obesity1, and defects in thermogenesis2 and lipolysis3, both of which are adipose tissue functions regulated by the sympathetic nervous system. However, the basis of these sympathetic-associated abnormalities remains unclear. Furthermore, chronic leptin administration reverses these abnormalities in adipose tissue, but the underlying mechanism remains to be discovered. Here we report that ob/ob mice, as well as leptin-resistant diet-induced obese mice, show significant reductions of sympathetic innervation of subcutaneous white and brown adipose tissue. Chronic leptin treatment of ob/ob mice restores adipose tissue sympathetic innervation, which in turn is necessary to correct the associated functional defects. The effects of leptin on innervation are mediated via agouti-related peptide and pro-opiomelanocortin neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Deletion of the gene encoding the leptin receptor in either population leads to reduced innervation in fat. These agouti-related peptide and pro-opiomelanocortin neurons act via brain-derived neurotropic factor-expressing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (BDNFPVH). Deletion of BDNFPVH blunts the effects of leptin on innervation. These data show that leptin signalling regulates the plasticity of sympathetic architecture of adipose tissue via a top-down neural pathway that is crucial for energy homeostasis.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2527-y
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2527-y