習近平川普同遊故宮!那些讓川普驚嘆的殿、樓、齋,用英文怎麼說?

川普來了！

攝影：新華社記者龐興雷

昨天下午，美國總統川普抵達北京，開始對中國進行為期三天的國事訪問。

US President Donald Trump arrived in Beijing on Wednesday afternoon, kicking off a three-day state visit to China.
8日下午，美國總統川普抵達北京，開始對中國進行為期三天的國事訪問。

這是川普就任以來首次訪華，也是十九大後中方接待的第一起國事訪問。

It is Trump's first visit to China since he assumed the presidency in January. He is the first head of state to visit China since the landmark 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China concluded on Oct. 24.
這是川普今年初就任美國總統以來首次訪華，也是中共十九大勝利閉幕後中方接待的第一起國事訪問。

川普離開韓國啟程飛往中國前，就發了一條推特表達自己的期待之情。

「即將離開韓國啟程前往中國，非常期待與習主席會面，並和習主席在一起。」

所以川普訪華的第一天有哪些精彩亮點？雙語君這就帶你來看看！

寶蘊樓 Hall of Embodied Treasures

川普抵達北京後，第一站就去了故宮。

據新華社報導，習近平主席和夫人彭麗媛在故宮博物院迎接了川普和夫人梅拉尼婭。

兩國元首夫婦在寶蘊樓簡短茶敘。

President Xi Jinping and first lady Peng Liyuan met for tea with visiting US President Donald Trump and his wife, Melania. The informal meeting took place at the Hall of Embodied Treasures during Trump's tour of the Palace Museum.

習近平熱烈歡迎川普來華國事訪問，感謝川普全家今年4月在海湖莊園的熱情接待。

攝影：新華社記者謝環馳

川普則用平板電腦向習近平夫婦展示了外孫女阿拉貝拉用中文演唱歌曲、背《三字經》和古詩的視頻。

習主席誇獎阿拉貝拉中文水平進步，說可以打「A+」，還說她在中國已成為小明星，希望她也能有機會來中國。

川普的外孫女阿拉貝拉

Trump showed Xi and Peng a video of his granddaughter, Arabella, reciting Sanzijing (Three Character Classic) and ancient Chinese poetry. The Chinese president complimented her language skills, saying her performance was 「A plus」.

Xi said Arabella - the daughter of Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner - is already a starlet in China, and that he hopes she will have the chance to visit the country.

攝影：新華社記者蘭紅光

也許很多小夥伴對於兩國元首夫婦進行茶敘的寶蘊樓還不太熟悉，我們來介紹一下。

寶蘊樓：從「文物庫房」到「院史展廳」

The Hall of Embodied Treasures was built in 1914 after the fall of the Qing Dynasty.
寶蘊樓建於1914年，彼時清朝已滅亡。

After Puyi abdicated the throne, he was allowed to live within the Forbidden City, but administration of the palaces was taken over by Beiyang government of China.
溥儀退位後居住於紫禁城內廷，外朝由北洋政府接管。

Cultural relics from other properties formerly owned by the royal family, such as Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei province and Shenyang Imperial Palace in Liaoning province, were then moved to the Forbidden City. Consequently, the Hall of Embodied Treasures was built as a warehouse to store these relics.
當時，北洋政府將承德離宮、瀋陽故宮兩處所藏寶器運至紫禁城，並修建了寶蘊樓作為文物庫房。

It is now used as an exhibition hall to give a panoramic introduction to the Forbidden City’s history during its years as a museum.
如今，寶蘊樓已由「文物庫房」變身「院史展廳」，為遊客全方位介紹故宮博物院的歷史。

前三殿

茶敘過後，兩國元首夫婦來到了恢宏壯麗的故宮前三殿。兩國元首夫婦經內金水橋，穿過太和門，在太和殿廣場合影。

隨後，他們沿故宮中軸線，依次參觀了太和殿、中和殿、保和殿。習近平沿途向川普介紹故宮的歷史、建築和文化。

They walked along the museum's central axis, also the axial line of Beijing, and visited three main halls of the Forbidden City.

川普驚嘆故宮建築群的蔚為壯觀，不時興趣盎然地駐足凝望，仔細品味著朱牆黃瓦，雕梁畫棟，更對底蘊深厚、內涵豐富的中國傳統文化深表讚嘆。

During the tour of the ancient palace, Xi briefed the visiting couple on the museum's history, architecture and culture, which received high praise from them.

據故宮博物院院長單霽翔介紹，這是故宮博物院90多年來第一次由中方和外方的元首夫婦，四個人一同來參觀故宮博物院。

前三殿是指太和殿、中和殿和保和殿，是北京城中軸線上最恢宏壯麗的建築篇章。雙語君為你分別介紹它們：

太和殿

俗稱「金鑾殿」：紫禁城內規模最大的殿宇

Covering an area of 2,377 square meters, the Hall of Supreme Harmony is the biggest and most important piece of architecture in the Forbidden City.
太和殿佔地2377平方米，是故宮規模最大、也最重要的建築。

It was first built in 1420, but was destroyed by fire and rebuilt several times. The current structure dates to 1695 during the reign of Kangxi (1662-1722). It was mainly used for the imperial palace's major rituals and ceremonies.
它始建於1420年，自建成後屢遭焚毀，又多次重建。今天所見為清代康熙三十四年（1695年）重建後的形制。太和殿的主要用途是舉行宮中盛大的典禮和儀式。

背景為太和殿簷角的走獸

在它的每個簷角都安放著10隻走獸，而其他建築最多只能有9個，這反映了太和殿在故宮所有建築中崇高的地位。

中和殿

位於太和殿、保和殿之間

中和殿始建於1420年，今日所見的中和殿要追溯到明朝嘉靖年間（1522-1566）。

The Hall of Central Harmony was used as a preparation room for the emperor before he attended sacrifices or other rituals, not only in the Forbidden City but at other imperial institutions as well, such as the Temple of Heaven.
皇帝參加在故宮以及故宮之外的皇家場所（如天壇）的祭祀活動或其他典禮之前，會先來到中和殿做準備。

保和殿

明清兩代用途不同

The Hall of Preserving Harmony was also first built in 1420. Though once badly damaged by fire, the main structure can still be dated to the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).
保和殿也建於1420年。雖然曾在大火中嚴重受損，但其主體建築依然可追溯至明朝（1368-1644）。

保和殿後巨大的雲龍紋石雕御路

It was used for different functions throughout history, such as Chinese New Year banquets and royal weddings.
保和殿在歷史上曾用作不同用途，例如新年宴會和皇家婚禮。

保和殿於明清兩代用途不同，明代大典前皇帝常在此更衣，清代每年除夕、正月十五，皇帝賜外藩、王公及一二品大臣宴，賜額駙之父、有官職家屬宴及每科殿試等均於保和殿舉行。

故宮文物醫院 Cultural Relic Hospital

參觀完前三殿後，兩國元首夫婦來到了故宮文物醫院。

President Xi Jinping and first lady Peng Liyuan accompanied US President Donald Trump and his wife, Melania, to watch craftsmen repair relics at Palace Museum.

兩國元首夫婦先後觀賞了鐘錶、木器、金屬器、陶瓷、紡織品、書畫等文物修復技藝展示，並共同觀看了珍品文物展。

習近平和夫人彭麗媛邀請川普夫婦體驗書畫裝裱工序的關鍵環節——託畫心。

看過去年熱播紀錄片《我在故宮修文物》的朋友一定也會對故宮文物醫院感興趣的吧。

故宮文物醫院：世界最大文物保護中心之一

Built in 2016 as a conservation center for the museum's cultural relics, the building covers an area of 13,000 square meters – stretching 361 meters south from the Forbidden City's northwest turret.
故宮文物醫院始建於2016年，是博物館文物保護中心。其建築面積為1.3萬平方米，自紫禁城西北角樓處向南延伸，全長361米。

It claims to be one of world's biggest and best-equipped conservation centers for cultural relics. The facility features a training center for the International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works to nurture more international expertise on the protection of Chinese cultural relics.
它是目前世界上最大、設備最先進的文物保護中心之一。該處設有國際文物修護學會培訓中心，為中國文物保護培養更多國際人才。

In 2016, a three-episode documentary called Masters in the Forbidden City that profiled the work of museum conservators went viral in China and was adapted into a feature-length film, making conservation of cultural relics a popular topic among the Chinese public.
2016年，三集紀錄片《我在故宮修文物》在中國熱播，該片展現了故宮文物修護人員的工作。隨後，這部紀錄片還被改編成了電影，一時間文物保護在國內成為熱門話題。

暢音閣 Pavilion of Cheerful Melodies

紅日銜山，華燈初上，兩國元首夫婦轉入暢音閣。

兩國元首夫婦觀看了《梨園春苗》、《美猴王》、《貴妃醉酒》三個精彩劇目。來賓們陣陣掌聲和聲聲喝彩不絕於耳。

演出結束後，兩國元首夫婦同參加演出的演員們合影。

President Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan accompanied US President Donald Trump and his wife, Melania, to watch Peking Opera at the Palace Museum.

暢音閣：宮中看戲聖地

The 20.7-meter-high Pavilion of Cheerful Melodies was built from 1772 to 1776 as the biggest theater in the Forbidden City. It was exclusively used for major celebrations and festivals, with spectators enjoying the performances from seats in the building to the north of the pavilion.
暢音閣建於1772年至1776年，高20.7米，是故宮內最大的戲臺，專為重大節慶演戲時所用，觀戲者可於戲臺北部看臺觀看演出。

The three-story pavilion is equipped with many different types of apparatus that can create dramatic effects during performances. The area is now used as a gallery to display Chinese opera-related cultural relics of the royal court.
這個三層的戲臺內配有多種設施，可打造出戲劇化的舞臺效果。如今，該區域被用作宮廷戲劇相關的文物展廳。

Following a long hiatus due to its restoration, the pavilion once again hosted a show of traditional Chinese operas and folk music in September as part of the Taihe Forum on Protecting the World's Ancient Civilizations.
經過一段長時間的修復，今年9月，暢音閣重新開館。在「太和·世界古代文明保護」論壇期間，暢音閣再次上演了中國傳統戲曲劇目。

今天，我們跟著川普把故宮的主要景點都逛了一遍，如果覺得不過癮，雙語君還準備了一些遊覽故宮必備英文詞彙，拿好不謝！

午門 Meridian Gate

太和門 Gate of Supreme Harmony

乾清門 Gate of Heavenly Purity

神武門 Gate of Divine Prowess

東華門 East Prosperity Gate

太和殿 Hall of Supreme Harmony

中和殿 Hall of Central Harmony

保和殿 Hall of Preserving Harmony

養心殿 Hall of Mental Cultivation

交泰殿 Hall of Union

中正殿 Hall of Rectitude

奉先殿 Hall of Ancestral Worship

武英殿 Hall of Martial Valor

皇極殿 Hall of Imperial Zenith

乾清宮 Palace of Heavenly Purity

坤寧宮 Palace of Earthly Tranquility

翊坤宮 Palace of Earthly Honor

永和宮 Palace of Eternal Harmony

慈寧宮 Palace of Compassion and Tranquility

永壽宮 Palace of Eternal Longevity

鍾翠宮 Palace of Accumulated Purity

景仁宮 Palace of Great Benevolence

儲秀宮 Palace of Gathered Elegance

寧壽宮 Palace of Tranquil Longevity

鹹福宮 Palace of Universal Happiness

壽康宮 Palace of Longevity and Health

金水橋 The Golden Water Bridge

珍妃井 Well of Pearl Concubine

御花園 The Imperial Garden

角樓 Arrow towers (turrets)

九龍壁 Nine-dragon Screen Wall

萬春亭 Pavilion of Myriad Springtimes

千秋亭 Pavilion of One Thousand Autumns

齋 studio, lodge, etc

軒 bower

樓 building, sanctuary, hall

堂 hall

館 lodge, hall

亭 pavilion

（來源：中國日報雙語新聞微信  編輯：左卓 李雪晴 祝興媛 焦潔）