DOI：http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.08.029
無特殊情況的話每晚八點更新吧。
本篇文獻翻譯還參考了中國水稻研究所倪建平老師發表在《中國稻米》雜誌上的對朱健康院士綜述「Abiotic Stress Signaling and Responses in Plants」的譯文。
Mitochondrion and Peroxisome Stress
線粒體和過氧化物酶體的脅迫應答
Like chloroplasts, mitochondria and perhaps even peroxisomes can generate retrograde signals that are important for stress responses.
與葉綠體類似，線粒體和過氧化物酶體也可以產生一些對脅迫應答很重要的逆向信號。
Mitochondria and peroxisomes produce ROS and many metabolites, some of which may serve as retrograde signals.
serve 作...用
線粒體和過氧化物酶體可產生 ROS 和許多代謝物，其中一些可能作為逆向信號分子。
Dysfunction in a mitochondrial DEXH box RNA helicase or mitochondrial pentatricopeptide repeat protein causes ROS accumulation and altered responses to the plant stress hormone ABA.
DEXH box RNA helicase DEXH box RNA解螺旋酶
DExH/D-box蛋白是RNA解螺旋中最大的家族,屬於超家族2(SF2)解螺旋酶,DExH/D-box蛋白參與RNA從轉錄、翻譯到降解的幾乎所有代謝過程。
pentatricopeptide repeat protein 三角狀五肽重複蛋白
線粒體DEXH box RNA解螺旋酶或線粒體PPR蛋白的功能缺失導致ROS積累，會改變植物對逆境激素ABA的反應。
A defect in the mitochondrial complexⅠalso enhances ROS accumulation and causes the mutant plants to have reduced expression of cold-responsive genes and to exhibit chilling and freezing sensitivity.
defect 突變
the mitochondrial complexⅠ 線粒體複合體Ⅰ
exhibit 表現出
chilling and freezing 冷害和凍害
線粒體複合體Ⅰ的突變也導致ROS積累，並降低突變植株冷應答基因的表達，使突變體對冷害和凍害表現出敏感性。
Similarly, mutations in CHY1, which encodes a peroxisomal beta-hydroxyisobutyryl (HIBYL)-CoA hydrolase needed for valine catabolism and fatty acid beta-oxidation, also cause ROS accumulation and impair cold-responsive gene expression and freezing tolerance.
beta-hydroxyisobutyryl (HIBYL)-CoA hydrolase
β-羥異丁醯（HIBYL）輔酶 A 水解酶
valine 纈氨酸 catabolism 分解代謝
fatty acid beta-oxidation 脂肪酸β-氧化
impair 降低
CHY1基因編碼一個過氧化物酶體β-羥異丁醯（HIBYL）輔酶A水解酶，是纈氨酸分解代謝和脂肪酸β-氧化所必需的。CHY1基因的突變也能夠導致ROS 積累，降低冷害相關基因的表達，從而降低植物耐寒性。
ROS signals from mitochondria and peroxisomes may modulate cold stress responses by affecting calcium signaling.
線粒體和過氧化物酶體產生的ROS 信號可能通過影響鈣信號調節冷脅迫應答。
刷上去看看英文原文再複習一遍看能看還能看懂多少。