注釋:
①《聯合國海洋法公約》於1982年頒布,1994年生效,截至2016年6月23日,共有168個成員,其中包括167個國家和歐盟,Chronological lists of ratifications of,accessions and successions to the Convention and the related Agreements,http://www.un.org/Depts/los/reference_files/chronological_lists_of_ratifications.htm(last visited July 2,2016)。
②《聯合國海洋法公約》第76條第8款。
③截至2016年4月26日,共有77個成員國向大陸架界限委員提交了外大陸架劃界案,see Submissions,through the Secretary-General of the United Nations,to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf,pursuant to article 76,paragraph 8,of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982,http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/commission_submissions.htm(last visited July 2,2016)。
④See Alex G.Oude Elferink,「Article 76 of the LOSC on the Definition of the Continental Shelf:Questions Concerning Its Interpretation from a Legal Perspective」,(2006)21(3)The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 269,p.283.
⑤例如,範雲鵬:《論大陸架界限委員會的法律地位》,載《中國海洋法學評論》2007年第1期;吳卡:《衝之鳥不應擁有外大陸架——從大陸架界限委員會的職能展開》,載《大連海事大學學報》(社會科學版)2013年第2期。
⑥例如,方銀霞等:《大陸架界限委員會審議劃界案的原則和方法——委員會建議摘要案例分析》,載《海洋學研究》2013年第2期。
⑦參見傅崐成:《大陸架外部界限申報問題與對策》,載《2004年海洋發展論壇論文集》。
⑧See Kunoy,「The Terms of Reference of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf:A Creeping Legal Mandate」,(2012)25(1)Leiden Journal of International Law 109,pp.129-130.
⑨劉亮:《論大陸架界限委員會建議的性質與效力——兼評中國東海部分海域大陸架劃界案》,載《太平洋學報》2014年第5期,第27頁。
⑩《聯合國海洋法公約》附件二(大陸架界限委員會)第1條。
(11)有關國際海底管理局以及國際海洋法法庭的規定分別見於《公約》的第十一部分第四節和附件六。
(12)《聯合國海洋法公約》附件二第2條。
(13)Ted L.Mcdorman,「The Entry into Force of the 1982 LOS Convention and the Article 76 Outer Continental Shelf Regime」,(1995)10(2)The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 165,p.177.
(14)有關委員會的目的以及職能,資料來源於:http://www.un.org/depts/los/clcs_new/commission_purpose.htm#Purpose,最後訪問時間:2016年4月13日。
(15)See Suzette V.Suarez,The Outer Limits of the Continental Shelf:Legal Aspects of Their Establishment (Berlin:Springer,2008),pp.76-78.
(16)See M.H.Nordquist (ed.),United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982:A Commentary II (Martinus Nijhoff,1993),p.850.
(17)Ted L.Mcdorman,「The Role of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf:A Technical Body in a Political World」,(2002)17(3)The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 301,p.301.See also Andrew Serdy,「The Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf and Its Disturbing Propensity to Legislate」,(2011)26(3)The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 355,pp.382-383.
(18)Scientific and Technical Guidelines of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf,CLCS/11,adopted on 13 May 1999,http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/documents/Guidelines/CLCS_11.htm(last visited July 16,2016).
(19)《聯合國海洋法公約》附件二第3條第2款。
(20)《聯合國海洋法公約》附件二第3條第1款(a)項。
(21)See http://legal.un.org/diplomaticconferences/lawofthesea-1982/docs/vol_XIV/a_conf-62_sr-141.pdf(last visited April 14,2016).
(22)See Suzette V.Suarez,The Outer Limits of the Continental Shelf:Legal Aspects of Their Establishment,p.122.
(23)See L.D.M.Nelson,「The Settlement of Disputes Arising from Conflicting Outer Continental Shelf Claims」,(2009)24(2)The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 409,p.421.
(24)Suzette V.Suarez,The Outer Limits of the Continental Shelf:Legal Aspects of Their Establishment,pp.78-79.
(25)例如,孟加拉國於1974年頒布的《領水和海洋區域法》作出了大陸架的界限的規定,參見張海文、李紅雲主編:《世界各國海洋立法彙編(亞洲和大洋洲國家卷)》,法律出版社2012年版,第77—81頁;又如安地卡及巴布達與1982年頒布的《海洋區域法》第六條就有關於200海裡以外大陸架界限的規定,參見張海文、李紅雲主編:《世界各國海洋立法彙編(非洲國家、拉美和加勒比海國家卷)》,法律出版社2012年版,第351頁。
(26)Surya P.Subedi,「Problems and Prospects for the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in Dealing with Submissions by Coastal States in Relation to the Ocean Territory beyond 200 Nautical Miles」,(2011)26(3)The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 413,p.429.
(27)John E.Noyes,「Judicial and Arbitral Proceedings and the Outer Limits of the Continental Shelf」,(2009)42(4)Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 1211,p.1232.
(28)《公約》第121條:「島嶼制度1.島嶼是四面環水並在高潮時高於水面的自然形成的陸地區域。2.除第3款另有規定外,島嶼的領海、毗連區、專屬經濟區和大陸架應按照本公約適用於其他陸地領土的規定加以確定。3.不能維持人類居住或其本身的經濟生活的巖礁,不應有專屬經濟區或大陸架。」
(29)See Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf 「Summary of Recommendations of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in regard to the Submission Made by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in respect of Ascension Island on 9 May 2008; Adopted by the Commission,with Amendments,on 15 April 2010」,https://www.un.org/depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/gbr08/gbr_asc_isl_rec_summ.pdf(last visited July 2,2016).
(30)See Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the Secretariat of the United Nations,http://www.un.org/depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/gbr08/gbr_nv_11jan2011.pdf(last visited July 2,2016).
(31)See Gau Michael Sheng-ti,「Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf as a Mechanism to Prevent Encroachment upon the Area」,(2011)10(1)Chinese Journal of International Law 3,p.17.
(32)See Surya P.Subedi,「Problems and Prospects for the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in Dealing with Submissions by Coastal States in Relation to the Ocean Territory beyond 200 Nautical Miles」,p.429.
(33)See Surya P.Subedi,「Problems and Prospects for the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in Dealing with Submissions by Coastal States in Relation to the Ocean Territory beyond 200 Nautical Miles」,p.422.
(34)See Ted L.Mcdorman,「The Continental Shelf」,in D.R.Rothwell,Alex G.Oude Elferink,T.Stephens & K.N.Scott(ed.),The Oxford Handbook of the Law of the Sea (Oxford University Press,2015),p.196.
(35)See Suzette V.Suarez,The Outer Limits of the Continental Shelf:Legal Aspects of Their Establishment,p.210.
(36)《聯合國海洋法公約》第76條第8款。
(37)李廣德:《法律文本理論與法律解釋》,載《國家檢察官學院學報》2016年第4期,第90頁。
(38)See Ted L.Mcdorman,「The Entry into Force of the 1982 LOS Convention and the Article 76 Outer Continental Shelf Regime」,p.178.
(39)Dispute concerning delimitation of the maritime boundary between Bangladesh and Myanmar in the Bay of Bengal (Bangladesh v.Myanmar),Judgement,ITLOS,No.16,p.120,para.408.
(40)Dispute concerning delimitation of the maritime boundary between Bangladesh and Myanmar in the Bay of Bengal (Bangladesh v.Myanmar),Judgement,ITLOS,No.16,p.120,para.409.
(41)See Ted L.Mcdorman,「The Continental Shelf」,p.192.
(42)See Ted L.Mcdorman,「The Continental Shelf」,pp.191-192.
(43)《聯合國海洋法公約》第83條第4款。
(44)《聯合國海洋法公約》附件二第8條。
(45)See Alex G.Oude Elferink,「Article 76 of the LOSC on the Definition of the Continental Shelf:Questions Concerning Its Interpretation from a Legal Perspective」,p.280.
(46)See Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the Secretariat of the United Nations,http://www.un.org/depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/gbr08/gbr_nv_11jan2011.pdf(last visited on July 2,2016).
(47)See Surya P.Subedi,「Problems and Prospects for the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in Dealing with Submissions by Coastal States in Relation to the Ocean Territory beyond 200 Nautical Miles」,p.424.
(48)See Gau Michael Sheng-ti,「Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf as a Mechanism to Prevent Encroachment upon the Area」,p.19.
(49)See Alex G.Oude Elferink,「Article 76 of the LOSC on the Definition of the Continental Shelf:Questions Concerning Its Interpretation from a Legal Perspective」,p.277.
(50)See Gau Michael Sheng-ti,「Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf as a Mechanism to Prevent Encroachment upon the Area」,p.19.