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Osteoarthritis of the Hip
髖關節骨性關節炎
Overview(概述)
Osteoarthritis, also called degenerative arthritis, is a gradual breakdown of cartilage in the joints. Cartilage is a tough, flexible connective tissue that protects the ends of bones in the joints. Osteoarthritis is common in the hip because the hip bears the weight of the body. Osteoarthritis of the hip can severely impact a person's lifestyle.
骨性關節炎又被稱為退行性關節炎,是關節軟骨的逐漸磨損失用。軟骨是一種堅韌有彈性的結締組織,能夠保護在關節內的骨端。因為髖關節承載著整個身體的重量,所以骨性關節炎在髖關節中十分常見。髖關節骨性關節炎會嚴重影響病人的生活方式。
Causes and Risk Factors(病因及危險因素)
Osteoarthritis commonly develops as a result of the wear and tear of aging. It also frequently results from traumatic injury to the joint. Osteoarthritis of the hip is more common in older people, in women, and in people who have occupations that place increased stress on the hip. People who have certain diseases, bone deformities or a genetic predisposition are also at a higher risk. Obesity can also raise a person's risk for osteoarthritis of the hip, because extra body weight increases stress on the hip joint.
骨性關節炎通常隨著年齡增大使關節磨損撕裂引起,同時也與關節創傷相關。髖關節骨性關節炎的常見人群包括老年人,女性,以及從事某些特定職業(增加髖關節載荷)的人群。患有其他某些特定疾病,如骨畸形或有遺傳易感傾向的人群同樣也有高風險。肥胖由於額外的體重使髖關節負荷增加,也會增加患髖關節骨性關節炎的風險。
Progression(病理過程)
In a healthy hip, the head of the femur is covered by a layer of cartilage. Healthy cartilage allows the bone to glide smoothly within the joint. But in a hip with osteoarthritis, this cartilage begins to deteriorate and wear away. Repetitive motion or injury may speed this deterioration. Eventually, the bone of the femur may rub directly against the bone of the hip socket.
在正常髖關節,股骨頭由一層軟骨包繞。正常的軟骨使骨頭能夠在關節內流暢地滑動。但在患骨性關節炎的髖關節中,軟骨退化磨損。重複的活動或受傷可以加速這一退化過程。最終,股骨頭的骨質可能直接與髖臼的骨質進行摩擦。
Bone Spur Formation(骨刺形成)
This rubbing can cause the gradual growth of bony bumps along the edge of the joint. These lumps, called bone spurs (or osteophytes), can cause joint pain.
上述的摩擦可以使骨隆起沿著關節邊緣逐漸生長。這些隆起,被稱作骨刺(又稱骨贅),可以導致關節疼痛。
Symptoms(症狀)
Symptoms of osteoarthritis of the hip may include pain in the hip, inner thigh, buttocks and knees. Movement may increase this pain. The hip may feel tender when pressure is applied. The person may experience a grating sensation when walking. The hip may feel stiff, and this stiffness may interfere with the leg's range of motion.
髖關節骨性關節炎的症狀包括髖部、大腿內側、臀部以及膝部疼痛。運動會使疼痛加重。髖關節可有壓痛。患者在走路時可有摩擦感。會感到髖關節僵硬,這種僵硬感會影響大腿的活動範圍。
Treatment(治療)
Treatment options depend on the severity of the osteoarthritis. In the early stages, the hip maybe treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroid injections, and physical therapy. The physician may recommend shoe orthotics, and weight loss to release the stress on the joint. If these methods are not helpful, and if the hip continue to deteriorate, surgery maybe needed to repair the joint.
治療方案取決於骨性關節炎的嚴重程度。在早期,可予非甾體類消炎止痛藥,注射類固醇激素及物理治療。醫生可能會推薦鞋內矯形器,控制體重減輕關節的壓力。如果這些方法沒有作用,或膝關節病變持續惡化,可能需要外科手術對關節進行修復。
(洪瀾 譯)
相關閱讀:
中英文字幕:髖關節肌肉扭傷(Muscle Strain Injuries of the Hip)
中英文字幕:小切口全髖關節置換術(Mini Total Hip Replacement)
中英文字幕:髖關節游離體(Loose Bodies in the Hip)
中英文字幕:金對金微創全髖關節置換術(Metal-On-Metal Mini Total Hip Replacement)
中英文字幕:髖臼盂唇撕裂(Acetabular Labrum Tear)
中英文字幕:螺釘內固定治療股骨頭骨骺滑脫(Internal Screw Fixation for SCFE)
中英文字幕:炎性髖關節炎(Inflammatory Arthritis of the Hip)
中英文字幕:單極半髖置換術(Hip Hemiarthroplasty ,Unipolar)
中英文字幕:雙動頭半髖置換術(Hip Hemiarthroplasty ,Bipolar)
中英文字幕:髖部骨折(Hip Fracture)
中英文字幕:螺釘治療髖部骨折(Hip Fracture Treatment with Surgical Screws)
中英文字幕:髖部骨折的預防(Hip Fracture Prevention)
中英文字幕:髖關節脫位(Hip Dislocation)
中英文字幕:髖關節鏡(Hip Arthroscopy)
中英文字幕:膕繩肌損傷(Hamstring Muscle Injuries)
中英文字幕:股骨骨折(Femur Fractures)
中英文字幕:髓內釘治療股骨骨折(Femur Fracture Fixation with Intramedullary Rod)
中英文字幕:動力髖螺釘固定股骨骨折(Femur Fracture Fixation with DHS)
中英文字幕:伽瑪釘治療股骨近端骨折(Femur Fracture Fixation,Stryker® Gamma Nail)
中英文字幕:股骨髖臼撞擊症候群(Femoral-Acetabular Impingement,FAI)
中英文字幕:退變性髖關節炎(Degenerative Joint Disease of the Hip)
中英文字幕:髓芯減壓術治療股骨頭缺血壞死(Core Decompression for ANH)
中英文字幕:全髖置換術(Total Hip Replacement)
中英文字幕:計算機輔助髖關節置換術(Computer-Assisted Hip Replacement Surgery)
中英文字幕:髖關節滑囊炎(Bursitis of the Hip ,Trochanteric Bursitis)
中英文字幕:髖關節注射(Hip Joint Injection)
中英文字幕:股骨頭缺血性壞死(Avascular Osteonecrosis of the Hip)
中英文字幕:股骨髖臼撞擊的關節鏡手術(Arthroscopic Surgery for FAI)
中英文字幕:髖關節解剖(Anatomy of the Hip Joint )
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