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Basal Joint Osteoarthritis
基底關節骨關節炎
Overview（概述）
This condition is a degeneration of cartilage in the joints at the base of the thumb, collectively called the basal joint. The main component of the basal joint is the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC), joint. This joint, which allows the thumb to pivot and swivel, can wear out even early in life.
本病是在拇指根部關節（統稱為基底關節）處的軟骨退變。基底關節主要由拇指腕掌（CMC）關節組成。該關節允許拇指轉動和旋轉，即使在年輕時也會磨損。
Causes（原因）
This condition is caused by aging, repetitive motions, and wear and tear that occurs during normal use of the hand. It typically results from weakness of the volar beak ligament, which normally helps maintain joint stability. When this ligament weakens, the thumb can begin to move abnormally and the joint becomes irritated and inflamed. Gradually, the cartilage that lines the joint degenerates, allowing bone to rub directly against bone. As the CMC joint degenerates, other articulations of the basal joint can become affected.
這種情況是由於年齡增長，重複運動，以及日常用手時磨損撕裂等引起的。典型的原因是通常用於維持關節穩定性的掌側喙韌帶薄弱。當該韌帶薄弱時，拇指會發生異常移動，關節受刺激並發炎。逐漸地，襯在關節表面的軟骨退化，使骨與骨之間直接發生摩擦。當CMC關節退化時，基底關節的其他關節會受到影響。
Symptoms（症狀）
The most common symptom is pain at the base of the thumb, especially when gripping or pinching. A grinding sensation may be felt when the thumb is moved. The thumb may also become weak and stiff. As the condition worsens, the joint may become deformed, and a bump may form where the thumb meets the wrist.
最常見的症狀是拇指根部疼痛，特別是在抓握或按壓時。 活動拇指時可能感覺到研磨感。 拇指也可能變得乏力和僵硬。 隨著病情惡化，關節可能變形，並且拇指與手腕相交處可能形成隆起。
Diagnosis（診斷）
The doctor will order x-rays of the wrist and hand to diagnose this condition. MRI or CT scans are usually not required.
醫生會用腕關節和手的X-線片來診斷本病。通常不需要MRI或CT掃描。
Treatment（治療）
Treatment options include cortisone injections, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, use of a splint or brace, exercise, and modification of daily activities. Surgery may be needed.
治療措施包括注射可的松，使用非甾體抗炎藥，使用夾板或支具，鍛鍊和改變日常活動。必要時可行手術治療。
（胡佰文 譯）
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中英文字幕：關於手外科（About Surgery of the Hand）
英漢對照骨科患者指南036：手部解剖
中英文字幕：腕管症候群(Carpal Tunnel Syndrome)
醫學動畫：腕管症候群（Carpal Tunnel Syndrome）
骨科手術早知道025：腕管症候群松解術（CARPAL TUNNEL RELEASE /OPEN TECHNIQUE）
骨科手術早知道150：腕管症候群：關節鏡下松解術（Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release）
骨科手術早知道151：腕管症候群：開放鬆解術（Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - Open Release）
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