椎間盤是脊柱椎體之間的軟墊,主要由外層的纖維環和內部的髓核構成。隨著椎間盤退變勞損或撕裂,纖維環破裂,髓核經纖維環破口或連同纖維環或軟骨終板一起向外突出,如突出的椎間盤組織壓迫或刺激脊髓或神經,可出現相應的神經症狀。
Herniated Disc
椎間盤突出
A herniated disc occurs when the outer portion of a spinal disc breaks down and the inner potion leaks out.The inner portion of the disc that extrudes can then irritate or compress nearby nerves, causing radiating pain.
椎間盤突出是脊柱椎間盤的外層破裂,內部結構漏出。椎間盤內部組織突出後可刺激或壓迫附近的神經,引起放射性疼痛。
A spinal disc acts as a shock absorber between the vertebrae of the spine, and allows for movement in the spine. The durable outer portion of a disc, called the annulus fibrosus, serves to contain the soft inner portion of the disc, the nucleus pulposus.
脊柱的椎間盤充當脊柱椎體之間的震蕩吸收器,並使脊柱可以運動。椎間盤堅韌的外層結構,稱為纖維環,就象個容器,包容椎間盤的內部結構——髓核。
The majority of herniated discs occur in the lumbar region of the spine. Any contact between the nerves and inflammatory proteins present in the disc’s nucleus, or pressure from the disc itself on nerves in the lower spine can result in pain, numbness, tingling or weakness radiating down the leg. These symptoms are called sciatica or lumbar radiculopathy.
椎間盤突出多發生於脊柱的腰段。當椎間盤髓核裡存在的炎性蛋白與神經相接觸,或椎間盤本身壓迫腰部的神經,會引起向下肢放射的疼痛、麻木、針刺感或無力。這些症狀稱為坐骨神經痛或腰椎神經根病。
When a herniated disc occurs in the cervical region of the spine, it can cause pain to radiate down the shoulder into the arm and fingers, as well as neurological symptoms.
當椎間盤突出發生於脊柱的頸段,會引起經肩部向胳膊和手指的放射性疼痛,以及其他神經症狀。
A herniated disc is relatively rare in the thoracic region of the spine. When it does occur, pain is commonly felt in the upper back, and sometimes radiates into the chest and belly.
胸段脊柱的椎間盤突出相對較少。如果發生,常會感覺背部疼痛,有時會放射到胸部或腹部。
If a cervical or thoracic disc herniates into the spinal cord area, it can cause myelopathy, or spinal cord dysfunction. Symptoms include numbness, loss of balance, lower extremity weakness, and loss of bladder control. A herniated disc can cause a variety of painful neurological symptoms. It is important to understand the underlying cause of these symptoms in order to effectively treat a herniated disc.
當頸椎或胸椎間盤突出到脊髓區域,會引起脊髓病或脊髓功能障礙。其症狀包括麻木、失衡、下肢乏力或喪失膀胱控制能力。椎間盤突出會引起各種各樣的疼痛的神經症狀。弄清楚這些症狀背後的原因對於有效地治療椎間盤突出是非常重要的。
(胡佰文 譯)
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中英文字幕醫學科普視頻系列之脊柱疾病
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