美國大選2020:為何仍無結果?+ 美國大選花絮:幾個可能不為人知的 「第一」 和 「第二」

        你原本可能以為，到這個時候美國總統選舉形勢應該已經有一些眉目出現。

You might have reasonably expected to have some kind of clue about the results of the US presidential election by now.

         好吧，所以誰會成為下屆美國總統呢？
Okay, so who is going to be the next president?       我們不知道。因為現在還沒有清點出足夠多選票，以判斷究竟是唐納·川普（Donald Trump）還是喬·拜登（Joe Biden）會宣告勝利。

We still don't know, because not enough votes have been counted for either Donald Trump or Joe Biden to have secured victory.
       事實上，由於目前美國仍處在疫情之中，大量郵寄選票清點需要花費時間，甚至可能長達數日。

We're into our second day of counting. The huge number of postal votes cast during this pandemic election and different states' laws about how to count them, meant this always was going to take longer if the result was close.

And it is.

       如果有人針對結果，提出法律方面的質疑，最終結果可能會在數周后才會出現。屆時局面可能會變得棘手。

Yes. Both campaigns have said they're already preparing for legal disputes following the election.

They have a right to demand a recount in most states, usually if the result there is tight.

Hasn't Joe Biden won the popular vote?  毫無線索嗎？
       要想成為美國總統，你並不需要贏下普選投票。候選人需要贏得的是選舉人團投票的多數選票，每個州都有一定數量的 "選舉人"票數，具體分配額度與各州人口數量份額大致相當。

       因此，如果你贏下了某個州，你贏下的是這個州的選舉人票數。選舉人團共有538張選票，得到270票的候選人會成為總統。

      然而，這場選舉中有一些搖擺州的選民會對結果起到決定作用。

Yes, so far, but that's not what decides who gets to be president.

Instead, a candidate has to win the majority in a system called the electoral college, where each state gets a certain number of votes or "electors" roughly in proportion to its population. If you win a state, you win all its votes (except Nebraska and Maine, but that's complicated). There are 538 state votes and the person who gets 270 wins the prize.

在一些競爭激烈的地方，當地官員甚至還未開始清點郵寄選票，而這些選票可以改變整個局面

But why is it taking so long?  那讓我們看下一些選情膠著州的情況       佛羅裡達：預計川普贏，許多人認為，該州邁阿密-戴德郡（Miami-Dade）古巴裔美國人對川普的支持在其中起到關鍵作用。

       亞利桑那州：該州自1996年以來就沒有把票投給民主黨，但對拜登來說，這裡似乎會收入他的囊中，因為他爭取的是住在那裡的進步拉美裔年輕人。

Arizona (11 votes): Joe Biden has a narrowing lead with about 500,000 votes still to be counted, local media report. More than half of those are from Maricopa County, home to 60% of the state's population - it will post more results at 19:00 local time.  

      威斯康辛州和賓州：這兩個州還沒有開始統計郵寄選票，這可能需要幾天時間。

Wisconsin (10) and Michigan (16): The BBC projects that Mr Biden will win Michigan and US media have projected him to win in Wisconsin, where he leads by less than 1% of the vote.
But really, it's not just maths   一句話總結情況？
       唐納·川普選情超越預期，喬·拜登沒能贏下點票較快的搖擺州，這意味著，我們仍需等待幾個關鍵州的結果，仍有許多不確定性。

It now looks like polling data going into this week didn't tell us the whole story about the American public. Many observers didn't realise the race would be so tight.
我等了一天，值得嗎？       過去一天中有一些關鍵時刻，但大多事關另外幾場選舉，這些選舉兩黨對於參議院的掌控權之爭仍然激烈：川普的盟友、參議員格萊厄姆（Lindsey Graham）預計會在南卡羅來納州擊敗民主黨挑戰者哈裡森（Jaime Harrison），外界曾一度認為格萊厄姆會輸掉這場選舉。首位公開支持「匿名者Q」陰謀論的人士、共和黨人瑪喬麗·泰勒·格林（Marjorie Taylor Green）贏得一個國會席位。她民主黨對手因個人原因退出此次角逐。信奉「匿名者Q」的人支持一種毫無根據的陰謀論，他們認為美國總統川普正對政府、企業和媒體中崇拜撒旦的戀童癖者發動一場範圍廣泛的秘密戰爭。在爭取參議院掌控權的競爭中，民主黨人失去了阿拉巴馬州席位，這是他們最脆弱的一席，但他們從共和黨人手中贏下了科羅拉多州的席位。德拉瓦州選出了美國歷史上第一位公開跨性別身份的州參議員。莎拉·麥克布萊德（Sarah McBride）將會成為美國歷史上最高級別的跨性別民選公務官員。
所以現在會怎樣？       我們可能要幾天後才會知道結果。看上去這場選舉的關鍵會轉變為對郵寄投票的清點，在密西根、威斯康辛及賓州等地區，郵寄投票尚未開始清點。
        可能會需要律師介入。唐納·川普此前曾稱，如果輸掉選舉，他會從法律上發起挑戰。這個過程可能會花費數周時間。
       不確定會否轉變為不安定？不確定性的出現是必然的，但儘管有許多美國人已經表達對社會出現動蕩可能性的擔憂，目前很難看出是否會有重大動蕩局面出現。US election 2020: Sarah McBride to be first trans state senator, and other historic firsts    美國大選花絮：幾個可能不為人知的「第一」和「第二」

       美國大選2020精彩非常，總統選舉懸念叢生的開票過程和競爭雙方，媒體前的你來我往，牢牢吸引了世界的目光。

       然而，多數人可能沒有具體關注，與總統選舉同時舉行的眾參兩院選舉中也接連出現了一些美國歷史上的 「第一次」：比如說美國歷史上第一位跨性別參議員，第一位 「90後」 眾議員，以及第一位公開表示相信某陰謀論的議員等等。

        思辯特此盤點一下這次大選中一些可能不大為人所知的 「第一次」。

first trans state senator

   第一位跨性別參議員

上圖：麥克布萊德成為有史以來第一位當選聯邦參議員的跨性別人士 Above: Ms McBride will become the highest ranking transgender person in US political office

       民主黨的麥克布萊德（Sarah McBride）擊敗共和黨對手，贏得德拉瓦州聯邦參議員席位，即將成為美國歷史上首位跨性別人士參議員。

Sarah McBride is to become the first transgender state senator in the US after she won her race in Delaware.

She beat Republican Steve Washington to take over the seat from Democrat Harris McDowell, who is standing down.

       麥克布萊德現年30歲，參選前擔任美國跨性別人士維權組織的新聞秘書，並曾在歐巴馬總統任期內做過白宮實習生。

Ms McBride, 30, has worked as the press secretary of LGBTQ advocacy group the Human Rights Campaign and was a trainee in President Obama's White House.

       據悉，除麥克布萊德之外，同時還有幾位跨性別或非二元性別人士新當選州議員。

Ms McBride is not the only transgender candidate to make history during the election. Vermont's Taylor Small, 26, was elected to the House of Representatives, while Stephanie Byers made history in Kansas as the first trans person of colour to ever be elected to a state legislature.

In Oklahoma, Mauree Turner became the first ever non-binary candidate to win a seat in a state legislature.

And in New York, Mondaire Jones and Ritchie Torres won their seats and became the first black openly LGBTQ people ever elected to Congress.

Other historic firsts  第一位90後

上圖：年僅25歲的麥迪遜·考索恩,成為美國歷史上第一位1990年代出生的聯邦眾議員  Above: Mr Cawthorn, who addressed the Republican convention in August, tweeted: "Cry more, lib" after his win

       共和黨在北卡州的考索恩（Madison Cawthorn）贏得聯邦眾議員選舉，將成為美國歷史上第一位出生於1990年之後的眾議員。

Meanwhile, Republican Madison Cawthorn won in North Carolina to become the first member of Congress born in the 1990s.

       考索恩八月剛剛慶祝25歲生日，滿足了美國法律中能夠成為眾議員的最低年齡標準。

       不過，已經有媒體報導指出，這位90後在參選過程中因曾面對性侵犯指稱而具有爭議性。

Mr Cawthorn turned 25 - the qualifying age for Congress - in August. He faced controversy over sexual misconduct allegations during the campaign.

QAnon supporter wins Republican primary  第一位公開支持陰謀論的議員

       贏得喬治亞州聯邦眾議員席位的格林（Marjorie Taylor Greene）被美國媒體稱為有史以來第一位公開表示支持陰謀論的議員。

A US businesswoman who has expressed support for the QAnon conspiracy theory has won the Republican nomination for a seat in the House of Representatives.

       格林所公開支持的是一個名叫 「匿名者Q」（QAnon）的極右翼陰謀論。上述陰謀論在沒有提供任何可信證據的前提下，聲稱川普總統正與美國政、商和媒體精英層一些信奉惡魔撒旦的孌童癖展開秘密戰爭。

Marjorie Taylor Greene is now expected to be elected in November to represent Georgia's heavily conservative 14th congressional district, and become QAnon's first devotee in Congress.

The controversial candidate has previously expressed support for QAnon - a wide-ranging, unfounded conspiracy theory that says that Donald Trump is waging a secret war against elite Satan-worshipping paedophiles in government, business and the media.

       格林曾專門錄製視頻，公開力挺 「匿名者Q」 陰謀論。不過，在她參選之後，也多次試圖在媒體訪問期間淡化這一話題。

In a YouTube video, she praised "Q" - the pseudonymous figure who started the conspiracy theory - as a "patriot".

And a surprising second  第二位太空人
Above: The senator-elect shared a photograph with his wife, former congresswoman Gabby Giffords, and thanked supporters for his win.

       在諸位歷史第一之外，還有一位同樣難得的歷史第二。

       前美國宇航局太空人凱利（Mark Kelly），贏得聯邦參院選舉，成為繼約翰·格倫（John Glenn）之後，第二個進入美國參議院的太空人。

       約翰·格倫1974年成為美國歷史上第一位當選參議員的太空人。

Astronaut Mark Kelly won his race to be elected to the Senate - but he is not the first former astronaut to do so.

Former Ohio Senator John Glenn, one of the Nasa's first ever astronauts, took that distinction when he was elected in 1974.

Edit｜Sibian

Illustration & Graphic ｜Cheung

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