2月即將來臨，不到半月就是中國新年了。新春佳節，最讓人期待的定是節前除夕的年夜飯 (New Year's Eve Dinner)——與家人共享的團圓飯(Family Reunion Dinner)。在中國，我們傳統的年夜飯都有哪些菜式呢？這些菜式的背後又有著怎樣的寓意呢... ...
實戰口譯 - 年夜飯 用英文怎麼說（英譯漢）
| 難度簡單，語速較快；
| 領域-飲食文化；
| 全文676字；
| 來源 Chinese New Year；
| 編譯劉小樹；
已接受過口譯培訓的夥伴
可跳到下文進階訓練
實戰第一步：譯前需知
● 準備好紙筆及錄音設備
● 可以記錄自己的訓練時長 了解自己的閱讀理解速度
● 可以在段落劃分中 再劃分適合自己的意群進行翻譯理解
實戰第二步：詞彙預習
Auspiciousness [ɔ:'spiʃəsnis]
Ingot [ˈɪŋɡət]
元寶
Surplus [ˈsɜːrplʌs]
n. 剩餘；[貿易] 順差；盈餘；過剩
Broiling [ˈbrɔɪlɪŋ]
Festive [ˈfestɪv]
adj. 節日的；喜慶的；歡樂的
Hotness ['hɔtnis]
n. 熱烈；熱心；暑熱
Superstition [ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃn]
風俗迷信
Phoenix claws [ˈfiːnɪks]
鳳爪
A bite of China
舌尖上的中國
實戰第三步：視譯口譯
● 按照材料段落劃分，進行口頭翻譯（非筆譯）
● 將翻譯內容進行錄音（可多次練習提高表達）
● 對比參考譯文，記錄錯譯句子
Family is the basis of the Chinese society, which is seen through the significance placed on the New Year’s Eve dinner or reunion dinner. As with Chinese New Year activities and decorations, the dishes are created to give blessings for the next year.
家庭是中國社會的基石，從跨年晚宴，團圓聚餐的置辦可以看出這一點。與新年活動和裝飾寓意一樣，菜餚的製作也是為了給來年增添福氣。
Both the names and looks are symbols of wishes for prosperity, happiness and auspiciousness. Though every region have different customs, there are some common dishes seen on every table.
菜名和裝盤都是繁榮，幸福和吉祥的象徵。儘管每個地區都有不同的習俗，但每張桌上都會有些相同的菜式。
Dumplings are the northern equivalent of spring rolls. They are eaten during every special occasion, but are the most significant during Chinese New Year.
餃子在北方相當於春卷。人們通常會在特殊場合裡會吃餃子，特別是在新春佳節。
Because the shape of Chinese dumpling looks like a silver ingot - a kind of ancient Chinese money, Chinese people believe eating dumplings during the New Year festival will bring more money and wealth for the coming year
由於中國餃子的形狀看起來像銀錠-一種古老的中國貨幣，人們認為，在元旦期間吃餃子，會為來年帶來更多的金錢和財富
In some places, it’s custom to cook dumplings and noodles together. This is called gold silk and gold ingots. It’s yet another dish to express people’s wishes for prosperity.
在某些地方，習慣將餃子和麵條一起煮。這稱為金絲和金錠。這又是一道語音人們憧憬繁榮的菜式
Fish is a must for the Chinese New Year. Why does fish symbolize surplus and wealth? In Chinese, fish 魚 (yú) has the same pronunciation as 餘(yú), which means 「surplus」 or 「extra.」 The typical blessing is 年年有餘 (Nián nián yǒuyú), wishing you to have a surplus of food and money every year.
魚是農曆新年必備的一道菜。為什麼魚象徵著盈餘和財富？在中文中，fish（yú）的發音與「餘」相同，意思是「盈餘」或「額外」。典型的祝福是年年有餘，希望您每年的食物與財富都能充足有餘。
In Hunan, red peppers are added after broiling the fish. Red is a festive and lucky color and the spicy hotness expresses wishes for fiery business in the new year.
在湖南，（人們會）將魚烤熟後加入紅辣椒。紅色是喜慶和吉祥的顏色，辛辣的辣表達了人們新年對生意火熱的期望。
A whole chicken is another symbol of family. To express this auspicious meaning, people keep the head and claws.
After cooking, people will first offer the chicken to the ancestors. Though only a superstition now, praying to the ancestors for blessings and protection is still a significant part of the Spring Festival and Chinese culture.
一隻雞的完整象徵著家庭的圓滿。為了表達這種吉祥的含義，人們會保留（雞的）頭部和爪子。
做飯後，人們會先將雞肉獻給祖先。儘管現成了一種風俗信仰，但向祖先祈福和求保護仍然是春節和中國文化的重要組成部分。
In Hubei, chicken soup is the first meal of the new year. It is a wish for peace. The main workers of the family should eat chicken feet, also called 「phoenix claws」 (鳳爪 / fèng zhuǎ). This is supposed to help them grasp onto wealth. Chicken wings help you fly higher, while the bones represent outstanding achievement.
在湖北，雞湯是新年的第一餐。這是祈求平安的願望。家裡的頂梁柱們應該吃雞腳，也叫「鳳爪」（鳳爪/fèngzhuǎ）。這有助於他們掌握財富。雞翅可以幫助您飛得更高，而骨頭則代表了出色的成就。
Nian gao, also known as 「rice cake」 or 「New Year cake」 in English, are a must for Chinese New Year.
In ancient times, nian gao were used only as offerings to the ancestors and gods. Gradually, they became a traditional dish during the Spring Festival. Now they are available every day of the year, but are still a special treat for the festival.
年糕，也被稱為「大米蛋糕」或「新年蛋糕」，是農曆新年必不可少的菜餚。
在遠古時代，年糕僅用作祭祀祖先和神靈。逐漸地，它們成為了春節裡的傳統佳餚。現在人們時常都可食用它，但它仍然是春節裡的特殊菜。
Nian gao also has the same pronunciation as 高 (gāo, meaning tall or high). It’s a wish to be successful and 「higher」 each year. Every year will be better than the last. Some humorous parents like to tell their children that eating this will help them grow taller too.
年糕的發音與高（gāo，高或高）相同。希望每年都有更高成就的意思。每年都會比去年更好。一些父母喜歡打趣告訴他們的孩子，吃這種食物也會幫助他們長高。
Of course, there are many snacks and desserts offered during the Spring Festival. As the TV Show 「A Bite of China」 said, even if the other ancient traditions of the Spring Festival are modernized, the food culture will never disappear.
當然，在整個春節期間很多小吃和甜點。正如電視節目《舌尖上的中國》所說的，即使春節的其他古老傳統得以現代化，飲食文化也將永遠不會消失。
還沒接受口譯培訓的夥伴
可參考文末集訓學習
實戰第一步：譯前準備
● 準備好紙筆及錄音設備
● 可以先回顧所學的筆記符號
● 可以先對音頻進行1~3次的盲聽預熱
實戰第二步：詞彙預習
Auspiciousness [ɔ:'spiʃəsnis]
Ingot [ˈɪŋɡət]
元寶
Surplus [ˈsɜːrplʌs]
n. 剩餘；[貿易] 順差；盈餘；過剩
Broiling [ˈbrɔɪlɪŋ]
Festive [ˈfestɪv]
adj. 節日的；喜慶的；歡樂的
Hotness ['hɔtnis]
n. 熱烈；熱心；暑熱
Superstition [ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃn]
風俗迷信
Phoenix claws [ˈfiːnɪks]
鳳爪
A bite of China
舌尖上的中國
實戰第三步：聽譯實戰
● 播放完整音頻 藉助口譯筆記記錄大意
● 結束筆記 複述錄音（反應時間約3秒）
● 結束複述 口譯錄音（反應時間約3秒）
● 對比原文 改善翻譯及筆記符號