There is a growing body of research into the effectiveness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy.
翻譯：陳功（CAPA初級組、高級組畢業）
審校：張焱（CAPA初級組、高級組畢業）
Researchers have demonstrated good evidence for the positive effects of psycho-dynamic therapies for various psychological disorders,including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and eating disorders. The studies referred to here have evaluated either the general effectiveness of long- and short-term psycho-dynamic psychotherapy, or the impact of psycho-dynamic psychotherapy on specific illnesses. These studies are among anever-increasing number being published and cited in eminent psychological,psychiatric and medical journals.
研究人員已經展示了心理動力學治療多種心理症狀的有力證據，包括抑鬱，焦慮，創傷後應激障礙和進食障礙。這些相關的研究要麼評估了長程或者短程心理動力學治療的普遍效果，要麼評估了對於某些疾病的的影響。這些不斷增加的研究正在被不斷的發表和引用於非常優秀的心理學、精神病學和醫學的雜誌。
Examining the effectiveness of long-term psycho-dynamic psychotherapy (here meaning at least a year or 50 sessions) in complex mental disorders, a paper from 2011 found that long-term psycho-dynamic psychotherapy (LTPP) appears to be more effective than less intensive forms of psychotherapy in treating complex mental disorders. [1] Another paper[2] reviewing LTPP on a larger scale compared 23studies, involving a total of 1053 patients. It concluded that LTPP had a significantly higher rate of effectiveness in targeting problems and general personality functioning than shorter forms of psychotherapy.
2011年發表的一項研究，對長程動力學心理治療（指至少一年或者50次諮詢）在複雜的精神疾病上的療效進行了檢驗。研究結果表明：就複雜的精神疾病而言，長程心理動力學治療比那些缺乏深入的心理治療方式表現得更為有效。另一篇評價了心理動力學治療的論文大規模地比較了23篇論文，它們涉及了1053名病人。得出的結果是，長程動力學心理治療在聚焦問題和一般性的人格執行功能方面比短程心理治療有更好的效果。
A widely cited paper from 2010 summarized the evidence for the general effectiveness of psycho-dynamic psychotherapy.[3] It concluded that psycho-dynamic therapy has as positive an impact on patients as other therapies, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), that have been more readily promoted in modern health care What is more, patients who had psycho-dynamic therapy not only saw an improvement in their psychological difficulties during treatment, but this improvement continued after treatment had ended.
一篇被廣泛引用的2010年的論文總結了心理動力學治療普遍 有效性的證據 。論文的結論是心理動力學治療對於病人的治療作用是和其他治療一樣積極的，例如認知行為治療，它 在現代醫療中更容易被推廣 ，那些接受心理動力學治療的病人不僅在他們自身的治療過程中看到了他們在心理問題上的改善，而且這種改善是會在治療結束會持續作用的。
In a 2008paper focusing on depression, researchers produced an overview of the effectiveness of psychoanalytic and psycho-dynamic therapies.[4] The paper examined available evidence, and concluded that the benefits for patients of short-term psycho-dynamic therapies are equivalent to those produced by antidepressants and CBT.
2008年的一篇論文則著重探討了抑鬱的治療問題，研究人員提出了精神分析和心理動力學治療的有效性的概論。這篇文章檢驗了那些能夠使用的證據，並得出了這樣的結論，對於病人來說短程心理動力學治療的益處和CBT是相當的。
Research has also been conducted into the impact of psycho-dynamic psychotherapy in specific psychological disorders. A 2007 study investigated the effects of psycho-dynamic psychotherapy in panic disorder.[5] The researchers compared the effect on patients of panic-focused psycho-dynamic therapy versus relaxation training. There were 49 adults in the study, and they were all diagnosed with panic disorder. Many were also suffering from agoraphobia and/or depression.The participants who received psycho-dynamic treatment showed a significantly greater reduction of panic symptoms than those receiving relaxation training,as well as greater improvement in psycho-social functioning (the term 『psycho-social』 refers to an individual’s psychological state in relation to social factors).
研究同樣涉及了心理動力學治療在特定的心理障礙疾病的作用。一篇2007年的論文調查了在驚恐障礙方面心理動力學的作用。這些研究人員比較了驚恐聚焦心理動心學治療和放鬆訓練。研究中有49名成年人，他們都被診斷為驚恐障礙。他們中的很多人同時患有廣場恐懼症（和/或）抑鬱症。那些參與心理動力學治療的參與者在驚恐症狀方面比那些接受放鬆訓練有更顯著的效果，同樣的在社會心理功能上也有很好的改善（術語「psycho-social「是指一個人和社會因素有關的社會心理狀態）
In 2011researchers conducted a review of trials into the effect of short-term psycho-dynamic psychotherapy in patients with personality disorder.[6] Looking at the results of eight studies, the researchers concluded that psycho-dynamic psychotherapy may be considered an effective treatment option for a range of personality disorders, producing significant and medium- to long-term improvements for a large percentage of patients.
2001年，研究人員對短程心理動力學治療人格障礙的療效進行了實驗和評價。觀察這八項研究的結果，研究人員得出結論，心理動力學治療可以被認為是能夠廣泛治療人格障礙的一種有效的治療，能夠對大部分病人產生中長期的改善效果。
Research has also been done into the cost-effectiveness of psycho-dynamic psychotherapy,which has often been regarded as too expensive to be funded in the public sector.[7] In fact, a study of more than 100 patients who had received at least six months』 worth of NHS psychiatric treatment without improvement, found that psycho-dynamic psychotherapy resulted in both significant improvements in the patients』 symptoms and value for money. Not only did the patients』 mental health improve with psycho-dynamic psychotherapy, but they also spent fewer days as in-patients, had fewer GP consultations,required less contact with practice nurses, needed less medication and sought less informal care from relatives. Consequently the extra cost incurred through using psycho-dynamic treatment was recouped within only six months.
同時也有學者對心理動力學治療的成本-效果（性價比）進行了研究。心理動力學治療經常因為「價格高昂」而不能獲得公共部門（健康保健部門）的資助。事實上，一項研究發現，100多名接受過至少6個月的國家保健系統的精神病治療而沒有任何改善的患者，在接受了心理動力學治療之後，不僅症狀大為改善，治療投入的經濟效益也有顯著提升。心理動力學治療不僅提升了病人的精神健康水平，同時也縮短了他們的住院時間，減少了全科醫生的諮詢次數，減輕了職業護士的工作量，對藥物治療的需求和親屬看護的需要也降低了。結果，因為採用心理動力學治療而產生的額外開銷，在六個月之內就得到了補償。
(Based on a research summary by Jessica Yakeley and Peter Hobson)