TRPV1陽性神經元在先天免疫中的功能獲揭示

TRPV1陽性神經元在先天免疫中的功能獲揭示

作者：

小柯機器人

發布時間：2019/8/9 16:44:24

美國匹茲堡大學Daniel H. Kaplan研究組發現皮膚TRPV1陽性神經元可觸發保護性先天17型預期免疫。2019年8月9日出版的《細胞》發表了這項成果。

研究人員在沒有組織損傷或病原體相關產物的情況下，使用TRPV1-Ai32光遺傳小鼠和皮膚光刺激來激活皮膚神經元。研究人員發現TRPV1陽性神經元激活足以引發局部17型免疫應答，從而增強宿主對白色念珠菌和金黃色葡萄球菌的防禦。此外，局部神經元激活可以引發17型免疫反應並通過神經反射弧增強鄰近未受刺激皮膚的宿主防禦。這些數據顯示TRPV1陽性神經元能夠激活對宿主防禦，並證明在依賴於逆行神經元激活的感染鄰近位點存在功能性預期先天免疫。

據了解，皮膚的TRPV1陽性神經元直接感知有害刺激、炎性細胞因子和病原體相關分子，並且是對抗某些皮膚病原體的先天免疫所必需的。尚未解決的重要問題是，單獨激活TRPV1陽性神經元是否足以啟動先天免疫反應，以及TRPV1陽性神經元啟動免疫反應的生物學功能是什麼。

附：英文原文

Title: Cutaneous TRPV1+ Neurons Trigger Protective Innate Type 17 Anticipatory Immunity

Author: Jonathan A. Cohen, Tara N. Edwards, Andrew W. Liu, Toshiro Hirai, Marsha Ritter Jones, Jianing Wu, Yao Li, Shiqun Zhang, Jonhan Ho, Brian M. Davis, Kathryn M. Albers, Daniel H. Kaplan

Issue&Volume: Volume 178 Issue 4

Abstract: Cutaneous TRPV1 + neurons directly sense noxious stimuli, inflammatory cytokines, and pathogen-associated molecules and are required for innate immunity against some skin pathogens. Important unanswered questions are whether TRPV1 + neuron activation in isolation is sufficient to initiate innate immune responses and what is the biological function for TRPV1 + neuron-initiated immune responses. We used TRPV1-Ai32 optogenetic mice and cutaneous light stimulation to activate cutaneous neurons in the absence of tissue damage or pathogen-associated products. We found that TRPV1 + neuron activation was sufficient to elicit a local type 17 immune response that augmented host defense to C. albicans and S. aureus. Moreover, local neuron activation elicited type 17 responses and augmented host defense at adjacent, unstimulated skin through a nerve reflex arc. These data show the sufficiency of TRPV1 + neuron activation for host defense and demonstrate the existence of functional anticipatory innate immunity at sites adjacent to infection that depends on antidromic neuron activation.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.06.022

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(19)30685-3

Cell：《細胞》，創刊於1974年。隸屬於細胞出版社，最新IF：36.216