CRISPR編輯的T細胞在腫瘤中的應用
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/2/12 9:47:03
美國賓夕法尼亞大學Carl H. June、Edward A. Stadtmauer近日取得一項新成果。他們探究了CRISPR-編輯的T細胞在難治性癌症患者中的應用。該項研究成果在線發表在2020年2月6日的《科學》上。
研究人員報告了一項首次在人類中進行的I期臨床試驗,在3名難治性癌症患者中測試CRISPR-Cas9多重編輯改造T細胞的安全性和可行性。在T細胞中刪除了兩個用以編碼內源性T細胞受體(TCR)鏈的基因TCRα(TRAC)和TCRβ(TRBC),以減少TCR錯配並增強合成的癌症特異性TCR轉基因的表達(NY-ESO- 1)。去除編碼PD-1(PDCD1)的第三個基因,以提高抗腫瘤免疫力。將工程化的T細胞過繼轉移到患者體內以維持其持久移植,並在所有三個基因組位點進行編輯。儘管受試者體內檢測到染色體易位,但其錯配頻率隨時間降低。修飾的T細胞可持續存在長達9個月,這表明在這些條件下其免疫原性極低。該研究證明了CRISPR基因編輯技術用於癌症免疫療法的可行性。
研究人員表示,CRISPR-Cas9基因編輯技術是增強人類T細胞抵抗癌症的能力的強大工具。
附:英文原文
Title: CRISPR-engineered T cells in patients with refractory cancer
Author: Edward A. Stadtmauer, Joseph A. Fraietta, Megan M. Davis, Adam D. Cohen, Kristy L. Weber, Eric Lancaster, Patricia A. Mangan, Irina Kulikovskaya, Minnal Gupta, Fang Chen, Lifeng Tian, Vanessa E. Gonzalez, Jun Xu, In-young Jung, J. Joseph Melenhorst, Gabriela Plesa, Joanne Shea, Tina Matlawski, Amanda Cervini, Avery L. Gaymon, Stephanie Desjardins, Anne Lamontagne, January Salas-Mckee, Andrew Fesnak, Donald L. Siegel, Bruce L. Levine, Julie K. Jadlowsky, Regina M. Young, Anne Chew, Wei-Ting Hwang, Elizabeth O. Hexner, Beatriz M. Carreno, Christopher L. Nobles, Frederic D. Bushman, Kevin R. Parker, Yanyan Qi, Ansuman T. Satpathy, Howard Y. Chang, Yangbing Zhao, Simon F. Lacey, Carl H. June
Issue&Volume: 2020/02/06
Abstract: AbstractCRISPR-Cas9 gene editing provides a powerful tool to enhance the natural ability of human T cells to fight cancer. We report a first-in-human phase I clinical trial to test the safety and feasibility of multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 editing to engineer T cells in three patients with refractory cancer. Two genes encoding the endogenous T cell receptor (TCR) chains, TCRα (TRAC) and TCRβ (TRBC) were deleted in T cells to reduce TCR mispairing and to enhance the expression of a synthetic, cancer-specific TCR transgene (NY-ESO-1). Removal of a third gene encoding PD-1 (PDCD1), was performed to improve anti-tumor immunity. Adoptive transfer of engineered T cells into patients resulted in durable engraftment with edits at all three genomic loci. Though chromosomal translocations were detected, the frequency decreased over time. Modified T cells persisted for up to 9 months suggesting that immunogenicity is minimal under these conditions and demonstrating the feasibility of CRISPR gene-editing for cancer immunotherapy.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aba7365
Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/02/05/science.aba7365
Science:《科學》,創刊於1880年。隸屬於美國科學促進會,最新IF:41.037