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On the mechanisms of development in monocot and eudicot leavesFirst author: Phillip A. Conklin; Affiliations: Cornell University (康奈爾大學): Ithaca, USA
Corresponding author: Michael J. Scanlon
Comparisons of concepts in monocot and eudicot leaf development are presented, with attention to the morphologies and mechanisms separating these angiosperm lineages. Monocot and eudicot leaves are distinguished by the differential elaborations of upper and lower leaf zones, the formation of sheathing/nonsheathing leaf bases and vasculature (維管結構) patterning. We propose that monocot and eudicot leaves undergo expansion of mediolateral domains at different times in ontogeny (個體發生), directly impacting features such as venation (葉脈脈絡) and leaf bases. Furthermore, lineage‐specific mechanisms in compound leaf development are discussed. Although models for the homologies of enigmatic tissues, such as ligules (葉舌) and stipules (託葉), are proposed, tests of these hypotheses are rare. Likewise, comparisons of stomatal development (氣孔發育) are limited to Arabidopsis and a few grasses. Future studies may investigate correlations in the ontogenies of parallel venation (平行脈) and linear stomatal files (線性氣孔) in monocots, and the reticulate patterning of veins (網狀脈) and dispersed stoma (散生氣孔) in eudicots. Although many fundamental mechanisms of leaf development are shared in eudicots and monocots, variations in the timing, degree and duration of these ontogenetic events may contribute to key differences in morphology. We anticipate that the incorporation of an ever‐expanding number of sequenced genomes will enrich our understanding of the developmental mechanisms generating eudicot and monocot leaves.
單、雙子葉之間的葉片發育存在形態及分子機制之間的本質差異。單、雙子葉植物的葉片差異主要表現在葉片的上、下部的精細結構、葉片基部鞘葉的形成與否及維管的模式建成。作者認為單、雙子葉在個體發育不同時間中部側面結構域的拓展直接影響了葉脈脈落及葉片基部的特性。此外,作者還在本文中討論了複雜葉片發育中譜系特異性機制。儘管目前的研究已經提出了一些單、雙子葉之間葉舌或託葉等葉片同源結構形成的模型,但對於這些模型的檢驗還很少。還有,對於葉片氣孔發育的比較還僅限於擬南芥和少數幾個禾本科植物之間。未來的一些研究可能會注重於單子葉平行脈和線性氣孔分布與雙子葉網狀脈和散生氣孔分布的個體發育之間的關係。儘管單、雙子葉之間存在一些共同的基礎性葉片發育機制,但在發揮作用的時間、程度及持續的時間等方面的差異可能就會導致單、雙子葉葉片關鍵的形態差異。作者認為隨著越來越多的植物基因組被測序,將會增加我們對於單、雙子葉葉片之間發育機制差異的理解。
通訊:Michael J. Scanlon (http://scanlonlab.plantbio.cornell.edu/people/)
個人簡介:愛荷華州立大學,遺傳學博士;加利福尼亞大學伯克利分校,博士後。
研究方向:植物發育及形態演化。
doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15371
Journal: New Phytologist
Published date: 14 August, 2018
(P.S. 原文下載:連結:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qFiSsqwlF_7JjmGMbedfhQ 密碼:dmu6)