原文選自經濟學人20201121期
Middle East& Africa
疫情剛開始在非洲蔓延的時候，他們是通過曬太陽的方式防疫的，聽上去可笑吧？當時《經濟學人》也出了相關報導，筆記怪獸也拿出來精讀了，會看請戳曬太陽抵禦病毒。這就如同英國人燒5G信號站一樣
如今疫情之下，很多非洲人被迫失去工作，當然也有各種因素的影響，在高壓的情況下，他們的精神受到了「摧殘」，他們需要心理諮詢師，但在非洲請一位正規的心理諮詢師是非常困難的。
固定布局
工具條上設置固定寬高
背景可以設置被包含
可以完美對齊背景圖和文字
以及製作自己的模板
Shackling body and mind
Many are locked away, few receive proper care
SUNDAY WORSHIPPERS at the Holy Ghost Coptic Church of Africa, where services often last for hours, are used to the racket coming from the pews at the back. But it is not the sound of bells ringing or ecstatic chanting. Rather, the clanking comes from chains that shackle Father John Pesa’s 「patients」. In Kisumu, Kenya’s third-biggest city, Father Pesa has built a reputation for 「spiritually healing」 the mentally ill.
Others have called it 「psychological torture」. Rose Ojwang’s husband sent her 17-year-old son to Father Pesa after the boy began hallucinating and behaving strangely. Like other patients, he was shackled. He grew thin, says Rose, because the church does not feel obliged to feed its wards unless paid to do so. For two years the boy went without proper medical treatment.
小tips：文章後續在精讀後
在精讀前，大家思考以下幾個問題
1：few& a few& little& a little 的用法
2：拆分本長難句👇
SUNDAY WORSHIPPERS at the Holy Ghost Coptic Church of Africa, where services often last for hours, are used to the racket coming from the pews at the back.
大標題精講
Shackling body and mind 束縛
參考譯文
身心束縛
小標題精講
Many are locked away, few receive proper care
辨析
few& a few& little& a little
這裡背個順口溜：有a 肯，沒a 否；tt的不可數。
參考譯文
許多人被關起來，只有少部分人得到了適當的照顧
分句講解
SUNDAY WORSHIPPERS at the Holy Ghost Coptic Church of Africa, where services often last for hours, are used to the racket coming from the pews at the back.
worshipper /ˈwɜːrʃɪpər/ [C] 敬神者
a person who worships God or a god
last /læst/ [Vi] 持續 [熟詞僻義]
go on
racket /ˈrækɪt/ [C] 嘈雜聲
a loud unpleasant noise
pew /pjuː/ [C] 長木椅
a long wooden seat with a high back, on which a row of people sit in a church
參考譯文
禮拜天，教徒們來到非洲Holy Ghost Coptic教會做持續數小時的禮拜，期間，他麼已經習慣了後排座位傳來的嘈雜聲。
長難句分析
SUNDAY WORSHIPPERS (主) at the Holy Ghost Coptic Church of Africa (介詞短語作定語) , where (定從修飾Holy Ghost Coptic Church) services often last for hours, are used to (謂) the racket (賓) coming (非謂語動詞修飾racket) from the pews at the back.
But it is not the sound of bells ringing or ecstatic chanting. Rather, the clanking comes from chains that shackle Father John Pesa’s 「patients」. In Kisumu, Kenya’s third-biggest city, Father Pesa has built a reputation for 「spiritually healing」 the mentally ill.
ecstatic /ɪkˈstætɪk/ [ADJ] 入迷的
involving feelings of great emotion, especially through prayer and meditation, that take somebody beyond the limits of the individual self
clank /klæŋk/ [Vt] 金屬碰撞聲
to make a loud sound like pieces of metal hitting each other; to cause something to make this sound
參考譯文
但這不是鐘聲的鳴響，也不是教徒入迷的吟誦聲。而是來自於束縛著神父John Pesa「病人」的鎖鏈。在肯亞第三大城市基蘇木， Pesa神父以「精神治癒法」而聞名。
導致產生這種現狀的原因是：
Kenya is anyway short of psychiatrists. In Africa, on average, there is less than one mental-health worker per 100,000 people, compared with 50 in Europe. Kenya has 0.19 psychiatrists per 100,000 people and one psychiatric hospital. At the local level, 「mental health is a mess and mostly forgotten,」 a Kenyan NGO.
1：肯亞的心理諮詢師少之又少，一百萬人中都沒有一個心理諮詢師。
「No family wants to shackle their child,」 says Kriti Sharma of HRW. But good care is expensive and patients are expected to recover in their community.
2：好的治療費用非常昂貴。
Mental illness in Kenya, as in many parts of Africa, is often thought to be caused by evil spirits. Traditional healers are called in before health professionals.
3：由於非洲文化的影響，他們認為心理疾病源於內心的邪惡，傳統治療（被束縛在教堂裡）優先於醫院的正規治療
分句講解
Others have called it 「psychological torture」. Rose Ojwang’s husband sent her 17-year-old son to Father Pesa after the boy began hallucinating and behaving strangely. Like other patients, he was shackled. He grew thin, says Rose, because the church does not feel obliged to feed its wards unless paid to do so. For two years the boy went without proper medical treatment.
hallucinate /həˈluːsɪneɪt/ [Vi] 出現幻覺
to see or hear things that are not really there because of illness or drugs
ward /wɔːrd/ [C] 病房
one of the parts or large rooms into which a hospital is divided, usually with beds for patients
參考譯文
其他人稱之為心理折磨。Rose Ojwang的丈夫把她17歲的兒子送到Pesa那，因為她兒子開始產生幻覺，行為怪異。和其他病人一樣，他也被鐵鏈拴著。Rose說，他之所以變瘦，是因為教會覺得沒有義務給受他們的病人提供食物，除非有人出錢。兩年以來，這個孩子沒有得到任何正規的治療。
Rose’s grim story echoes the reporting of Human Rights Watch (HRW), an international watchdog, which found that the church had kept no fewer than 60 people in chains. Kenyan doctors say the practice is common. Their country is not alone. HRW’s report, published in October, found evidence of shackling in 60 countries, from Brazil to Indonesia. It reckoned that hundreds of thousands of people who suffer from mental illness have at some point been chained or locked up. In countries where such illnesses are poorly understood, many sufferers never see doctors.
Kenya is anyway short of psychiatrists. In Africa, on average, there is less than one mental-health worker per 100,000 people, compared with 50 in Europe. Kenya has 0.19 psychiatrists per 100,000 people and one psychiatric hospital. At the local level, 「mental health is a mess and mostly forgotten,」 a Kenyan NGO.
「No family wants to shackle their child,」 says Kriti Sharma of HRW. But good care is expensive and patients are expected to recover in their community. Often people are ignorant of mental health issues, or fearful that the afflicted person may harm others.
But people seek out the services of Father Pesa for other reasons, too. Mental illness in Kenya, as in many parts of Africa, is often thought to be caused by evil spirits. Traditional healers are called in before health professionals. Father Pesa’s church purports to flush out demons. It cites a miracle in the New Testament when Jesus drove demons out of a madman (who was shackled) and sent them into pigs. In Kenya’s Somali region, which is mostly Muslim, many believe the mentally ill are possessed by jinns (supernatural creatures).
It is hard to shake off such deep-rooted beliefs. A health official who worked in Mathari Hospital, the country’s sole psychiatric one, tells the story of her mentally ill brother. The last time he had a psychotic episode he chopped off three of his wife’s fingers with a machete. Yet the doctor and her sister could not convince their mother that he needed medical care. 「Even as a mental-health specialist, I still don’t have any influence,」 she laments.
There is some cause for hope. Kenya has signed up to a World Health Organisation initiative that promotes better care for the mentally ill. Politicians are striving to amend outdated laws, and the health ministry is wrangling for more power to monitor facilities where patients are shackled. A recent High Court ruling found that Rose’s son had been tortured and ordered the church to pay him 500,000 Kenyan shillings ($4,590) in damages. But Father Pesa continues to host patients.
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