複合性狀是未來一段時間內轉基因作物開發的主要目標,在單一轉化體開發功能的基礎上,將新的性狀基因定點插入到原來的插入位點,可以提高保證後續育種環節的效率。
除了ZFN、TALEN、CRISPR等方式,Cre/loxP系統也可以用作基因定點聚合的工具。最近,中國科學院華南植物園植物基因工程中心區永祥團隊利用開發出具有轉基因替換功能的Cre/loxP系統。
研究人員曾經利用定點重組的方式創製了一個基因聚合菸草轉化體23.C.4-9.d8.BC1(含有gus、luc和gfp基因),為了測試基因替換的效果,研究者將Bxb1重組酶表達載體以及攜帶目的基因OsO3L2-2B(導致水稻低鎘積累性狀)和標記基因npt的表達載體共同導入該轉化體。在Bxb1的作用下,OsO3L2-2B和npt表達盒插入23.C.4-9.d8.BC1轉化體原來的基因整合位點處。再通過激活Cre介導的lox位點間的重組,同向lox位點間的gus-gfp-luc和npt被刪除,新基因OsO3L2-2B保留在原轉基因插入位點上,從而實現轉基因替換。而且,由於新基因的導入伴隨著新重組位點的引入,因此,該轉基因插入位點上可以繼續進行基因疊加、替換和刪除。
Plant Biotechnology Journal, 25 May 2019
Replacement of stacked transgenes in planta
Author
Weiqiang Chen, Gurminder Kaur, Lili Hou, Ruyu Li, David W. Ow*
*: Plant Gene Engineering Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, China
Abstract
While GM crops of past years contain one to few traits, the continuous discovery of new trait genes would mean that over time, crops could end up with a large number of transgene insertions. If they were dispersed throughout the genome, extensive breeding would be needed to reassemble all of them into a single breeding line. Stacking new DNA to a preexisting transgenic locus insures that the package of transgenes can be transmitted through breeding programs as a single locus rather than as segregating loci.
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