專題:Nature報導
美國託馬斯傑弗遜大學大學Kimmel癌症研究所細胞凋亡研究中心生物化學與分子生物學系的研究小組在細胞凋亡方面的研究取得新的進展,相關成果公布在1月22日Nature雜誌上。
在炎症反應中,病原體與宿主關聯的胞質雙鏈DNA可激發NALP3非依賴性的炎症因子,接下來激活Caspase誘導白細胞介素1β前體成熟,並促進炎症發生。在自然情況下,細胞質內的DNA所導致的炎症機制一直不明朗。
在本研究中,Emad S. Alnemri教授研究小組發現一種幹擾素誘導的HIN-200家族蛋白AIM2(在黑色素瘤2細胞中缺乏),它在氨基端包含一個pyrin區域,而羧基末端包含一個寡核苷酸/低聚糖結合位點區。羧基端的寡核苷酸/低聚糖區能感知DNA(入侵的病原體的DNA)的存在,AIM2能通過pyrin區與ASC(apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD)相互作用以激活Caspase。AIM2與ASC的相互作用還能介導生成ASC pyropotsome(該物質能誘導含有Caspase-1的細胞發生pyroptotic樣的細胞凋亡)。用RNAi技術沉默掉AIM2可減少巨噬細胞因細胞質DNA引發的炎症反應,通常293T細胞在遭遇細胞質DNA後會持續表達AIM2。
研究結果表明,細胞質DNA可誘導AIM2寡聚化促使AIM2炎症反應複合物形成,表明AIM2是一個重要的炎症反應物,它可激活ASC pyroptosome和Caspase-1。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Nature advance online publication 21 January 2009 | doi:10.1038/nature07710
AIM2 activates the inflammasome and cell death in response to cytoplasmic DNA
Teresa Fernandes-Alnemri1,2, Je-Wook Yu1,2, Pinaki Datta1, Jianghong Wu1 & Emad S. Alnemri1
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Apoptosis Research, Kimmel Cancer Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
2 These authors contributed equally to this work.
Host- and pathogen-associated cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA triggers the activation of a NALP3 (also known as cryopyrin and NLRP3)-independent inflammasome1, which activates caspase-1 leading to maturation of pro-interleukin-1 and inflammation. The nature of the cytoplasmic-DNA-sensing inflammasome is currently unknown. Here we show that AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2), an interferon-inducible HIN-200 family member that contains an amino-terminal pyrin domain and a carboxy-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding domain2, 3, senses cytoplasmic DNA by means of its oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding domain and interacts with ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) through its pyrin domain to activate caspase-1. The interaction of AIM2 with ASC also leads to the formation of the ASC pyroptosome4, which induces pyroptotic cell death in cells containing caspase-1. Knockdown of AIM2 by short interfering RNA reduced inflammasome/pyroptosome activation by cytoplasmic DNA in human and mouse macrophages, whereas stable expression of AIM2 in the non-responsive human embryonic kidney 293T cell line conferred responsiveness to cytoplasmic DNA. Our results show that cytoplasmic DNA triggers formation of the AIM2 inflammasome by inducing AIM2 oligomerization. This study identifies AIM2 as an important inflammasome component that senses potentially dangerous cytoplasmic DNA, leading to activation of the ASC pyroptosome and caspase-1.