美知名「中國通」庫恩:歷史將會感謝中國在全球化的世界中抗擊疫情起到的先鋒作用

「其他地方都不可能像中國一樣！」近日，美「中國通」羅伯特·庫恩點讚中國擔當，直言：「中國的動員能力在全球醫療史上是空前的。」

面對國際上陰謀論者對中國提出的質疑，庫恩堅定地表示：「歷史將會感謝中國在全球戰疫中起到的先鋒作用。」

羅伯特·庫恩 
世界知名中國問題專家、中國改革友誼獎章獲得者
「新時代大講堂」
英文演講
《 疫情面前 中美合則兩利》
（略有刪節，中文為譯文）

中美合則兩利，鬥則俱傷

我想像不出還有什麼因素，比美國公然與中國為敵、美中互相指責，更能加速新冠病毒在全球的繁衍和迅速蔓延。

I cannot imagine richer nutrients for the novel coronavirus to reproduce and spread, to flourish globally, than the United States and China to descend into unabashed and undisguised rivalry, with accusations each against the other.

中美是選擇敵對，為病毒提供溫床；還是合作，一同對抗病毒？Nourish the virus with US-China competition, or starve the virus with US-China cooperation.習主席和川普總統通電話是件好事。這樣的合作對於抗擊疫情，維持、促進全球經濟發展都是迫切且至關重要的。在全球範圍內抗擊疫情和促進全球經濟發展一樣，都依賴於中美的合作。It is good that President Xi and President Trump spoke and agreed. Never has such cooperation been needed more urgently to battle and contain the pandemic and to sustain and bolster the world economy. Containing the global pandemic, like bolstering the global economy, depends on US-China cooperation.我最愛的兩個國家面臨著一個選擇：要麼合作對抗疫情，一同研發藥物、 疫苗，阻止新冠病毒；要麼讓疫情席捲全球，並進一步導致全球經濟大蕭條。My two favorite countries have a choice: either work together to fight the pandemic, developing drugs and vaccines to kill and stop Covid-19, or suffer an out-of-control global pandemic and a chain-reaction cratering of the global economy.Truly, nations will fight the virus and collectively win, or fight each other and collectively lose.中國的投入是歷史性的中共中央政治局常委會，中國的最高決策機關將這次疫情稱為「對我國治理體系和能力的一次大考」。我在中國30多年來，還沒有過這樣的經歷。I take it seriously when the Standing Committee of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China, China's highest authority, called the epidemic "a major test of China's system and capacity for governance" - a phrase of such significance that in my 30-plus years of watching China, I do not recall the like.我來解釋下我為什麼相信中國能戰勝疫情，有三個原因：中國的投入、中國的國力以及改變、進步的意願。Let me explain why I was confident that China would overcome the epidemic. Three reasons: China's commitment, China's competence, and readiness to change and improve.中國通過動員全國，阻止擴散，展現了在疫情方面的重大投入。政府發布了嚴格的指令，全國上下都步調一致。China's commitment to fight the coronavirus was exemplified by the country's astonishing mobilization to stop the spread. The government issued strict and resolute directives and the whole country marched to this music.中國全社會的投入是歷史性的，中國的動員能力在全球醫療史上也是空前的，其他地方都不可能像中國一樣。This is China's monumental "whole of society" commitment. China's mobilization is unprecedented in global health history. Nowhere could it work like it works in China.而中國之所以能做到，跟黨的制度有關。中國共產黨在扶貧攻堅戰時也展現了同樣的投入和動員能力。自2012年來，中國讓超過一億人脫離貧困線。And the reason it works relates to how the Party system works. It is the same commitment and mobilization that the Party has been using to win the battle against poverty, since around 2012, lifting the final 100 million poor people out of absolute poverty.中國對疫情的有效遏制展現在全國上下的身體力行中：封閉了1100萬人口的武漢以及湖北省內省外城市，總人口數超過6000萬；僅僅十幾天在一片空地上建起了1000個床位的醫院；挨家挨戶測量體溫，網格化的社會監督管控，推遲數億人春節假期後的復工時間。China's competence to fight the virus is exemplified by the country's implementation of its commitment: locking down Wuhan, a metropolis of 11 million people, and other cities, perhaps 60 million or more people in Hubei province and other places; constructed hospitals of 1000 beds, literally on green fields and literally in just days; house-to-house temperature checks; the Party's grid management system of social control; postponing the return to work after the Lunar New Year break of hundreds of millions of travelers.中國改變和進步的意願是他們治理體系中至關重要的一部分。China's readiness to change and improve is a critical part of its governance system.我在說到過去四十年來中國突飛猛進的五個主要原因時，總會提到中國共產黨願意主動認錯並且改正，雖然有時對自己過於苛刻。國家領導人坦率地承認「缺點和不足」，我很敬佩。When I discuss the five or so primary reasons for China's remarkable development over the past four decades, I always include the Party's willingness, albeit sometimes out of necessity, to admit and correct errors. I admire leadership's forthright acknowledgement of "shortcomings and deficiencies".要阻止疫情擴散，一定要儘早行動。但怎麼建立預警體系？真正的挑戰在於如何處理大量的、來源不一、質量參差不齊的信息。To stop the spread of virulent diseases, early action is essential. But how to develop an early warning system? The challenge is handling an avalanche of information, from diverse public and private sources and of variegated and uncertain quality.習主席呼籲，「以公開透明的方式抗擊疫情」 。透明是關鍵。President Xi called for "fighting the outbreak in an open and transparent manner". Transparency is the key.「人類命運共同體」造福全球

面對疫情，習主席不斷呼籲構建「人類命運共同體」，這一造福全球的願景。七年來，該理念推動了以「一帶一路」為代表的中國外交政策，促進了全球平衡發展。

Apropos of the pandemic, President Xi's repeated call to build "a community with a shared future for all humanity" is a grand vision with multiple applications. For seven years, it has driven foreign policy, especially the Belt and Road Initiative, helping to rectify global imbalances.

能夠對抗疫情、控制傳染，是「共同未來」願景的優勢之一。除此之外，還有其它益處，比如氣候控制、防止恐怖主義、禁止毒品等等。

While fighting disease or controlling pandemics have always been a "shared future" benefit, it was always tucked within lists of other benefits, such as climate control, preventing terrorism, interdicting drugs, and the like.幾乎沒人能想到疫情會這樣地迅速惡化。但隨著全球各國對疫情逐漸重視起來，「共同未來」這一理念的重要性便不言而喻。Few ever imagined that a real pandemic could become so grave so fast. But as the pandemic has burst into planetary consciousness,  it demonstrates viscerally the global criticality of "shared future" thinking. 中國派「久經沙場」的醫療團隊到別國，支援抗疫，為當地帶來了具備當代流行病前沿經驗的專家。By sending "battle-tested"medical teams to countries suffering under the siege of contagion, China brings to bear experts with contemporary, front line, epidemic experience.
中國在對抗、控制新冠疫情方面的經驗不斷深化，尤其是醫護人員、後勤人員的無私奉獻，使其他國家也從中獲益。China's evolved know-how in fighting and containing the novel coronavirus, especially the selfless work of dedicated Chinese healthcare and logistics professionals, can enable other countries to benefit from China's experience.控制爭端比控制疫情更具有挑戰性但問題依然存在。目前全球的情緒都很緊張。疫情對日常生活造成影響，加上可能比2008年更嚴重的經濟危機，大家都很脆弱。There is a problem, though. Emotions worldwide are frayed, rubbed raw by the pandemic's daily-life disruptions, with economic devastation threatening to exceed that of the 2008 global financial crisis.在情緒如此緊張的環境下，新聞的不斷轟炸，尤其是社交網絡上將官員無心的言論放大為謠言，或是冥頑不化的陰謀論者都讓人們變得冷漠、敵對。極端國家主義滋生。In this toxic psychological environment, when non-stop news, especially in social media, amplifies scurrilous, unsubstantiated rumors by insensitive officials or block-brained conspiracy theorists, attitudes harden and antagonisms ossify. Indigenous nationalism flares in vicious circles.陰陽怪氣、含沙射影、煽動情緒並不需要什麼智慧。理性的人們要聯起手來，不要讓仇恨的言論影響對疫情的抗爭。It takes no cleverness to inflame feelings with glib rhetoric or political insults. Rational people must work together, not allow fringe invective to erode the capacity to fight a common enemy.控制爭端將比控制新冠疫情更具挑戰性。如此下去，中美對對方的態度看法只會惡化，危及全球。Containment of the polemic will be more challenging than containment of the coronavirus. If so, Chinese views of America, and American views of China, are only going to deteriorate further, to the detriment of all.優秀的領導人應該緩和而不是煽動極端國家主義。我們不希望看到兩敗俱傷。這就是為何習主席和川普總統的通話至關重要。Enlightened leadership should temper, not inflame, indigenous nationalism. We cannot allow mutual exhaustion to be our last hope. This is why the recent Xi-Trump phone call was so important.歷史將會感謝中國中國構建「人類命運共同體」的願景，呼籲所有國家共同發展，正是動蕩的當下亟需的。China's vision of "a community with a shared future for humanity", exhorting all nations to act for the common good, fits our turbulent times.中國的這個願景也得到了許多文化的認可。中國面對的挑戰，是讓其他文化都對這個願景感同身受。China's vision is a universal message shared by many cultures. China's challenge is to express the vision in language with which other cultures can identify and feel comfortable supporting.客觀公正地解讀， 「人類命運共同體」這個呼籲十分有力，而且能讓全世界受益。因此要保護、發揚好這個理念，同時用多樣的英語翻譯表達中文原本的意思。To be clear, read literally and without bias, a "community with a shared future for humanity" is a powerful exhortation that should benefit the world. This is why the phrase should be protected and enriched by also allowing other, diverse English phases to represent the original Chinese.這個理念旨在呼籲國際社會共同致力於實現這個偉大願景。考慮到當下的疫情，國際社會也必須如此。中國的目標就是全人類的目標，尤其是疫情當前，世界各地的友好民眾也都應該齊心協力實現這個願景。The objective is to enable the global community to take collective ownership of the grand vision. Given the global pandemic, the global community must take collective ownership. What China seeks is what humanity seeks, especially with the pandemic, and it behooves people of goodwill everywhere to work together to transform rhetoric into reality.未來的歷史學家會將今天中國對疫情的鬥爭視為全球範圍內遏制新冠疫情爆發、擴散的重要轉折點。全球化和便捷的空中交通也是至關重要的。Future historians may well look upon China's fight against the coronavirus as a turning point in worldwide efforts to contain outbreaks of novel diseases and stop their spread, which globalization and ubiquitous air travel has made vital.歷史將會感謝中國在全球化的世界中抗擊疫情起到的先鋒作用。History may well thank China for pioneering how to deal with virulent contagions in a globalized world.

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