2017年11月英語三級筆譯真題
英譯漢（譯家精編翻譯答案）
It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.
其實也只是一封郵件中的某個單詞，就讓某家跨國公司蒙受了巨大的經濟損失。
The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.
該郵件的撰著者母語為英語。撰稿人將郵件發送至一名英語為其第二語言的同事。因為無法確定該郵件中對某個特定單詞的意思，該同事就查閱了字典，但查詢到的兩個釋義卻截然相反。於是，他就按照那個錯誤的釋義進行了理解。
Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. 「It all traced back to this one word,」 says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn't reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. 「Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.」
數月之後，高管著手徹查該項目泡湯的緣由，因為該項目的流產已然造成了數十萬美金的巨額損失。「徹查到最後的矛頭直指對該單詞的理解，」一位在英國從事溝通技巧與跨文化交際的培訓師介.蘇安.衝說道。不過她並未透露在該郵件中這個在語義上讓人模稜兩可的單詞到底是哪個，因為該單詞的釋義與特定行業高度相關，且可能會被人揣測出來。「然而，事態的發展遠遠超乎了人們的預期，因為雙方理解的意思天差地別」。
When such misunderstandings happen, it’s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.
當諸此誤解不期而遇時，人們總是將罪責推諉於以英語為母語的人身上。而極具諷刺意味的是，介.蘇安.衝發現，這些以英語為母語的人士在傳達自身信息方面，相較於那些以英語為第二或第三語言的人士，表現往往地不盡人意。
"A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world’s global language. They feel they don’t have to spend time learning another language," says Chong.
介.蘇安.衝聲稱：「為數甚眾的以英語為母語的人士對於英語成為世界通用的語言而竊竊自喜，所以，他們認為沒有必要花時間去學習另外一種語言。」
The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.
介.蘇安.衝還稱，事實上，非以英語為母語的人士，特別是會講第二種或是第三種外語的人士，在傳遞信息時，其實更為謹慎、且目的性十足。相反，以英語為母語的人士，在講話時，常常由於語速過快，且在講話中還夾帶著笑話、俚語與其獨具文化內涵的引用詞句，以至於那些說其他語言的人，完全跟不上他們的節奏。
「The native English speaker… is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,」 she adds.
介.蘇安.衝補充說道：「唯有……以英語為母語的人士認為沒必要體諒對方或為對方著想。
With non-native English speakers inthe majority worldwide' is Anglophones who may need to up their game.
但是世界上以英語為非母語的人士居多，所以，以英語為母語的人士應該停止過去那種老套的做法。
"Native speakers are at adisadvantage when you are in a lingua franca situatio, here English is beingused as acommon denominator, says Jennifer Jenkins, professor of global English at the (UK University of Southampton."Its the native English speakers that are having difficulty understanding and making themselves understood.
詹尼弗.詹金斯乃英國南安普敦大學的全球英語教授，她說：「當母語各不相同的人士在一起採用英語為通用語進行溝通時，以英語為母語的人士會處於不利的境地，這大概是因為以英語為母語的人士在理解其他人所講的英語方面存在著障礙，而其他非以英語為母語的人士在理解以英語為母語的人士所表述的英語方面也同樣存在著障礙。」
Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there’s cultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying, 「That’s interesting」 a fellow Brit might recognise this as understatement for, 「That’s rubbish.」 But other nationalities would take the word 「interesting」 on face value, he says.
非英語母語人士在講英語時，通常使用數量有限的詞彙和簡單的表達方式，不花哨，也不會夾帶俚語。此外，還有文化因素，布拉特納說道。一名英國人在評論一項提議時說"That’s interesting" (「蠻有趣」 )，此時，另外一名英國人會把這句話理解為「太垃圾」的含蓄表述。而其他國家的人則只會將"interesting」視為 (饒有興趣) 的字面意思來進行理解。
In Berlin, Coulter saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via videolinkDespite being competent in English, the Germans gleaned only the gist ofwhat their American project leader said. Samong themselves they came up withan agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intendedtheCalifornia staff.
科爾特在柏林看見一家世界500強公司的德國員工通過視頻連線聆聽美國加州總部的情況通報。德國員工雖然英語也不賴，但也只留心美國項目領導講話的要旨。對於該情況通報，德國員工內部達成一致意見，而該意見與加州項目領導的講話精神可能相同或者可能相左。
"Too many non-Anglophones,especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about ndusing face 一and nod approvingly while not getting the message at" all he says.
科爾特說：「太多的非英語母語人士，特別是亞裔人士與法國人，即便實際上一點都沒聽懂，但他們也會因為怕「丟面子」，而只是一味地點頭表示贊同。」
That’s why Nerriere devised Globish a distilled form of English, stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar. "It’s not a language, its a tool, he says. Since launching Globish in 2004 he has sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 languages.
正因如此，內裡埃發明了全球化英語，這是一種簡潔英語。將英語詞彙限制在1500個單詞左右，並採用簡單、標準的語法。內裡埃說：「全球化英語不是一種語言，而只是一種工具。」自2004年推出全球化英語以來，用18種語言編寫的全球化英語教材銷量已逾20萬冊。
「If you can communicate efficiently with limited, simple language you save time, avoid misinterpretation and you don’t have errors in communication,」 Nerriere says.
內裡埃說：「能用有限的詞彙、簡單的語言，進行高效的溝通，這既節省了時間，又避免了誤解，還消除了溝通中的錯誤。」
When trying to communicate in English with a group of people with varying levels of fluency, it’s important to be receptive and adaptable, tuning your ears into a whole range of different ways of using English, Jenkins says.
詹金斯說，與一群英語流利程度不一的人士用英語進行溝通時，要善於包容和體諒，並樂於接納各種各樣的英語表達能力，這尤為重要。
「People who』ve learned other languages are good at doing that, but native speakers of English generally are monolingual and not very good at tuning in to language variation,」 she says. In meetings, Anglophones tend to speed along at what they consider a normal pace, and also rush to fill gaps in conversation, according to Steggles.
斯戴格勒斯說：「學習了其他語言的人士在這點上就做的很好，而以英語為母語的人士通常只掌控了英語這一單一的語種，所以，他們不大適應英語以外的其他變種。斯戴格勒斯認為，以英語為母語的人士在開會時，傾向於按自認為正常的語速進行講話，在對話中，則急於傳遞信息。
He recommends making the same point in a couple of different ways and asking for some acknowledgement, reaction or action.
斯戴格勒斯建議採用多種方式表述同一個意思，並且需要對方做出某些認可、反應或行動。
2017年11月英語三級筆譯真題
英譯漢（譯家精編翻譯答案）
氣候變化已不是單純的環境保護問題，而成為人類生存與發展問題。中國需要改變以煤為主的能源結構和高汙染、高能耗的產業結構，以治理環境和應對全球氣候變化。
Climate change is not only a simply environmental protection issue, but also has become a problem concerning human survival and development. In order to protect the environment and deal with global climate change, China needs to change its industrial structure featuring coal-based energy and serious pollution and large energy-consumption.
同時，積極應對氣候變化也是中國參與全球治理的責任，也是實現可持續發展的迫切需要。中國作為世界最大的發展中國家，需要積極推動經濟與能源的轉型，以推動全球可持續發展。
At the same time, China’s active response to climate change is both its responsibility for participating in global governance and an urgent requirement of its commitment to sustainable development. China, as the world’s largest developing country, needs to promote its economic and energy transformation in an active manner, so as to promote the global sustainable development.
長期以來，中國高度重視氣候變化問題，把積極應對氣候變化作為國家經濟社會發展的重大戰略，把綠色低碳發展作為生態文明建設的重要內容，採取了一系列行動，為應對全球氣候變化做出了重要貢獻。
For a long time, China has attached great importance to the issue of climate change and taken its response to climate change as a major strategy for national social and economic development as well as green and low carbon development as the important part of its efforts to promote the construction of ecological civilization, and accordingly, taken a series of measures to make great contributions to combat global climate change.
到2020年單位國內生產總值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%，非化石能源佔一次能源消費總量的比重達到15%，森林面積比2005年增加4000萬公頃，森林蓄積量2005年增加13億立方米。
By 2020, according to per unit of GDP, compared with 2005, carbon dioxide emission ratio has been reduced by 40%-45% and non-fossil energy will account for 15% of primary energy consumption. Forest coverage will be increased by 40 million hectares in comparison with 2005 and forest stocks will be increased by 1.3 billion cubic meters based on that of 2005.
中國還將繼續主動適應氣候變化，在農業、林業、水資源等重點領域和城市、沿海、生態脆弱地區形成有效抵禦氣候變化風險的機制和能力，逐步完善預測預警和防災減災體系。
In addition, in priority fields such as agriculture, forestry and water management and so on and in cities, coastal areas and ecologically vulnerable regions, China will develop effective coping mechanisms and capabilities to tackle the risks caused by China’s climate change with its continuously active adaptation and to improve the systems of forecasting, early warning, disaster prevention and alleviation step by step.
譯家願景
譯路，南徵北戰，戎馬生涯，功業昭昭。初衷不改，矢志不渝。
顛覆並重塑客戶對翻譯鸚鵡學舌式簡單邏輯的淺薄認知。一反傳統譯文平鋪直敘、貌似無鹽的刻板印象，首倡將傳統國學與古文經典詩詞歌賦等精粹嫁接於現代翻譯實踐之譯界第一人。
率先將實戰翻譯技能培訓與翻譯諮詢進行有機融合，並將其貫徹於翻譯實踐探索之拓荒者與先行軍。
篤信翻譯實務與翻譯理論並重，推崇傳道受業解惑之「洪荒之力」。堅信卓爾不群，韜光養晦。堅持個性發展，關照個人成長，唯才是舉。翻譯有創新，方才有未來。