東城區2020年下學期高三綜合練習（一模）英語
2020.5
本試卷共10頁，共120分。考試時長100分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束後，將本試卷和答題卡一併交回。
2020年北京市東城區高三一模英語考試整體評析
劉凱老師總評：2020東城一模已經結束，這份英語試卷無論從題目的難度還是題型的設置，都基本延續了過往的出題模式；但穩中求變，在題目設置上保留原有命題思路的同時，也展現了諸多新亮點，既貼合學生日常生活，也體現了最新的社會熱點。
整套試卷難度梯度合理，不論是對於基礎語法詞彙的考查還是對於閱讀與寫作能力的考查，均緊密貼合高考考試要求。
第一部分：知識運用（共兩節，45分）
第一節 語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。
分評具體各個知識模塊考查方式：
1.語法填空：
本套題目難度中等，題材涉及到：A.保護動物，B.家庭親情，C.和網際網路這三大方面，緊貼近幾年的考試熱點話題。
題目考點分布廣泛且平均，時態語態考點1題，非謂語考點3題，詞性轉換考點1題，從句考點2題，形容詞考點1題，代詞考點1題，介詞考點1題。要求考生有較高的考點辨析能力，並且對各個考點的知識點內容要非常熟悉。如果能準確地判斷出每個考點，解答題目的難度就不大了。建議同學們平時複習語法時，完成各語法要點的專項學習後，一定要多做綜合性的語法填空篇章，提升判斷和分析考點能力。
A
The goshawk, a rare bird, once close to extinction, has doubled 1 (it) number in a national park in the south of England. Around 100 years ago, there were thought to be no goshawks 2 (leave), due to farmers hunting them and their woodland habitats being cut down. However, thanks to conservationists, goshawks are back. By monitoring their nesting sites over time, the teams have been able to protect them from further forestry work. As a result, their number 3 (grow) from just 20 pairs to 40 pairs in the past two years.
劉凱老師解析：
本段句意：
鷹，一種曾經瀕臨滅絕的稀有鳥類，現在在英格蘭南部的一個國家公園裡數量翻了一番。大約100年前，人們認為那裡已經沒有蒼鷹了，因為農民在捕獵它們，而它們的林地棲息地也被砍伐了。然而，多虧了自然資源保護主義者，蒼鷹又回來了。隨著時間的推移，通過監測它們的築巢地點，這些團隊已經能夠保護它們免受進一步的林業工作。因此，在過去的兩年裡，它們的數量從20雙增長到了40雙。
原文連結：
The goshawk, a rare bird, once close to extinction, has doubled its number in a national park in the south of England. Around 100 years ago, there were thought to be no goshawks left, due to farmers hunting them and their woodland habitats being cut down. However, thanks to conservationists, goshawks are back. By monitoring their nesting sites over time, the teams have been able to protect them from further forestry work. As a result, their number has grown from just 20 pairs to 40 pairs in the past two years.
B
One morning, I told my husband jokingly that he』d dropped the ball because he hadn’t made me coffee and I was having trouble getting motivated 4 (start) the day. My five-year-old son overheard me and asked what 「drop the ball」 meant. I told him it was just something like making a mistake. A few minutes later, he came into our bedroom 5 (hold) an overflowing coffee cup with a dishcloth underneath it to catch the drops. He said to my husband, 「You dropped the ball, but I picked the ball up,」 and he handed me the worst-tasting, most watered-down but 6 (sweet) cup of coffee ever.
劉凱老師解析：
本段句意：
一天早上，我開玩笑地告訴丈夫，他把事情搞砸了，因為他沒有給我煮咖啡，我很難有動力開始新的一天。我五歲的兒子無意中聽到了我的話，他問我「丟球」是什麼意思。我告訴他這就像犯了個錯誤。幾分鐘後，他走進我們的臥室，手裡拿著一個盛滿了水的咖啡杯，杯底是一塊洗碗布，用來盛咖啡。他對我丈夫說:「你把球弄掉了，但我把球撿了起來。」然後他遞給我一杯味道最糟、最衝水但卻是最甜的咖啡。
原文連結：
One morning, I told my husband jokingly that he』d dropped the ball because he hadn’t made me coffee and I was having trouble getting motivated to start the day. My five-year-old son overheard me and asked what 「drop the ball」 meant. I told him it was just something like making a mistake. A few minutes later, he came into our bedroom holding an overflowing coffee cup with a dishcloth underneath it to catch the drops. He said to my husband, 「You dropped the ball, but I picked the ball up,」 and he handed me the worst-tasting, most watered-down but sweetest cup of coffee ever.
C
In half a century, the Internet has transformed society. Billions of us can connect at the touch of a button. Access 7 information, banks and shops has never been easier. The world has changed 8 (dramatic) and continues to do so in ways we couldn’t have imagined. However, the Internet isn’t without disadvantages. By design, it has no central authority, 9 makes protecting people online or dealing with misinformation a near-impossible task.
10 the Internet develops will shape our future. If the past 50 years has been dominated by free and open exchanges, the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet, and the world, a better place.
劉凱老師解析：
本段句意：
半個世紀以來，網際網路改變了整個社會。數十億人只需按下一個按鈕就可以聯繫起來。獲取信息、銀行和商店從未像現在這樣容易。世界發生了巨大的變化，而且仍在以我們無法想像的方式繼續變化。然而，網際網路並非沒有缺點。從設計上看，它沒有中央權力，這使得保護人們上網或處理虛假信息成為一項幾乎不可能完成的任務。
網際網路的發展將決定我們的未來。如果說過去的50年是由自由開放的交易所主導的，那麼接下來的50年將是關於規則和限制是否真的能讓網際網路和世界變得更美好的50年。
原文連結：
In half a century, the Internet has transformed society. Billions of us can connect at the touch of a button. Access to information, banks and shops has never been easier. The world has changed dramatically and continues to do so in ways we couldn’t have imagined. However, the Internet isn’t without disadvantages. By design, it has no central authority,which makes protecting people online or dealing with misinformation a near-impossible task.
How the Internet develops will shape our future. If the past 50 years has been dominated by free and open exchanges, the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet, and the world, a better place.
參考答案：
第一部分：知識運用（共兩節，45分）
第一節 語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
1. its；2. left；3. has grown；4. to start；5. holding；6. sweetest；7. to；8. dramatically；9. which；10. How
第二節 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，並在答題卡上將該項塗黑。
劉凱老師解析：
完形填空：文章文體為記敘文。講述的是身材高大的父親在回家路上遇到了虐貓事件，並救了一隻小貓帶回家收養從而讓作者感到父親不僅身材高大，心胸更偉大的故事。
題目考查數量為動詞11題，名詞4題，形容詞4題，副詞1題。考生在答題時，動詞題需關注動作的先後順序、上下文邏輯，以及與其他詞性的搭配，名詞題需重點關注復現及上下文對應，形容詞題和副詞題需要關注對應的感情色彩
At six feet, seven inches tall and weighing 253 pounds, Father was a quiet giant（巨人） who only roared when he was angry. 父親身高6英尺7英寸，體重253磅，是個安靜的巨人，只有在生氣的時候才會吼叫。He would work long days, often 11 when I was already in bed. My two younger sisters and I both loved and feared him. Hearing the words, 「Just wait until your father comes home,」 would guarantee the three of us would start 12 immediately. 他每天工作很長時間，經常在我已經上床睡覺的時候回來。我的兩個妹妹和我都既愛他又怕他。聽到「只要等到你父親回家」這句話，就能保證我們三個馬上開始行動。I was seven years old the night the 「giant」 became a person, and my 13 . All it took was the 14
of a tiny, dirty kitten.我七歲的那天晚上，「巨人」變成了一個人，成了我的英雄。只來了一隻又小又髒的小貓。
I 15 to the sounds of my father coming home from work. I slipped out of bed and moved quietly towards the living room in hopes of spending a few precious minutes 16 with my parents without my annoying sisters around.
I heard mum say, 「We cannot 17 it.」 What was the 「it」? The giant saw me and 18 I should sit down near him. I was at a loss, although 19 might be a better word, for I had never seen or heard of a giant crying before. Unshed（滿眶） tears 20 up in his eyes. His cheeks were 21 from the ones he had cried earlier.
The giant reached into a cardboard box and brought out a dirty young cat and 22 it on my lap. I was soon 23 , as the giant shared a story with mum. As he spoke, with shaking shoulders caused by 24 and at times sorrow, he transformed from a giant to a man who became my hero.
He 25 that he was on his way home when he heard two men laughing and talking. As he rounded the corner, he heard the most terrible scream of pain. He couldn’t 26 what he saw. The men had thrown a kitten into a furnace（火爐）. He yelled and ran up to them but it was too 27 . He couldn’t save the kitten. The men had run away and he was about to run after them when he saw another kitten at his feet.
「We have to 28 it; we have to keep it!」 said the giant.
「It needs a 29 ,」 said mum.
「I can help, Mommy!」
Reminded of my presence, mum and my hero sent me off to bed. As I fell asleep, I heard mum running some water.
We named the kitten Cinder and it joined our family. I never saw 「the giant」 again; I only saw my hero and a man whose heart was 30 than he was. 我們給這隻小貓取名為Cinder，它加入了我們的家庭。我再也沒有看過《巨人》;我只看到了我的英雄和一個心胸比他寬廣的人。
11. A. greeting B. chatting
C. returning D. wandering
12. A. waiting B. escaping
C. preparing D. behaving
13. A. model B. hero
C. tutor D. friend
14. A. visit B. story
C. arrival D. life
15. A. awoke B. listened
C. rushed D. dreamed
16. A. straight B. alone
C. indoors D. gradually
17. A. keep B. leave
C. train D. clean
18. A. appealed B. urged
C. indicated D. proposed
19. A. regretful B. hopeless
C. unwilling D. terrified
20. A. built B. rolled
C. blocked D. welled
21. A. wet B. red
C. bright D. fresh
22. A. spread B. placed
C. led D. dropped
23. A. discovered B. forgotten
C. convinced D. relieved
24. A. fear B. surprise
C. anxiety D. anger
25. A. argued B. emphasized
C. explained D. summarized
26. A. believe B. prove
C. guess D. judge
27. A. bad B. late
C. fast D. far
28. A. help B. cure
C. feed D. buy
29. A. meal B. rest
C. bath D. lift
30. A. lighter B. purer
C. warmer D. larger
第二節 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）
11．C12．D13．B14．C15．A
16．B17．A18．C19．D20．D
21．A22．B23．B24．D25．C
26．A27．B28．A29．C30．D
第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據短文內容，從短文後的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多餘選項。
As the higher education sector faces mounting pressures to provide value for money, it’s now often assumed that universities will provide its students with much more than just a degree. Most prospectuses（宣傳冊）introduction present institutions as being the 「leaders」 in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours. 46 【段尾空】
由於高等教育部門面臨著提供物有所值的壓力，現在人們通常認為大學將為學生提供的不僅僅是一個學位。目前的院校在學術研究、學生滿意度、畢業生就業能力和聯繫時間方面都處於「領先地位」。有這麼多的選擇，你怎麼能做出明智的決定呢?
Visiting a university 「in the flesh」 on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course. 47【段中空】 Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you.
在開放日「親自」參觀一所大學是你真正感受這個地方的唯一方式，並確保你在開始上課時不會遇到任何不愉快的意外。避免被索賠和統計數字誤導。記住，沒有最好的大學，只有最適合你的大學。
Before your visit, conduct some online research and decide on a few universities you』d like to visit. Plan your day, booking any relevant sessions, and noting down any talks you would like to attend. Prepare a list of questions about all the aspects of university life.
在你訪問之前，進行一些在線調查，並決定你想要訪問的幾所大學。計劃好你的一天，預定任何相關的課程，記錄下你想參加的任何演講。準備一份關於大學生活方方面面的問題清單。
During your visit, you need to make plenty of notes! 48 【段中空】 You』ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up.
在你訪問期間，你需要做大量的筆記!幾次拜訪之後，你們的談話和經歷就會融合在一起。你會開始忘記重要的事情，除非你把它們放下。注意你喜歡的住宿，價格和地點。記住，你可能不會得到你的首選住宿，所以在心裡有一些其他的備用。
49【段首空】 Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts – not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students. While it might be tempting to let mum and dad take over, it’s you who will be going to university, not them, so don’t be afraid to speak up!
找出選擇標準是很重要的。進入應用程式會話，您可以在那裡得到答案。你甚至可以給招生導師看一份你個人陳述的草稿，並要求一些直接的反饋。諮詢專家——不僅是招生團隊和課程導師，還有現在的學生。雖然讓媽媽和爸爸來接管可能很誘人，但是上大學的是你，而不是他們，所以不要害怕說出來!
Write down what you like about the university and compare it to others. Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university. 50【段中空】 If you don’t enjoy your course, then chances are you will fail to maximise your potential. It’s your choice, so make the best of it!
寫下你喜歡這所大學的哪些方面，並與他人進行比較。記住，你要優先考慮你的課程，而不是大學。這所大學有多出名並不重要。如果你不喜歡你的課程，那麼你就有可能無法發揮你的潛力。這是你的選擇，所以要充分利用它!
劉凱老師解析：
七選五：文章主要就「如何選擇最適合自己的大學」做了簡要介紹。
通篇來看，文章首段通過高校令人眼花繚亂的招生簡章引出全篇核心話題。
第二段給讀者支了第一招兒：親自去學校實地考察一下。
第三段則介紹了在親自去考察心儀大學前需要做那些準備。
第四段建議學生在參觀校園的過程中注意記錄筆記，並給出了對於住宿地點選擇的小建議。
第五段鼓勵學生在參觀校園時要積極主動地提問以最大限度得到有效信息，不要一切都讓父母代勞。
第六段給學生提了最後一點建議，同時告誡學生大學和專業的選擇關乎自己的未來，需要認真對待。
本篇共六段，三個段中空，一個段首空，一個段尾空，要求同學們對於文章的結構有整體的把握，選項設置合理，但難度偏高，除第48題之外，其餘題目皆有迷惑選項，稍有不慎便會引發連鎖反應，導致大面積失分，需處處小心，時時留意。
A. Avoid being misled by claims and statistics.避免被索賠和統計數字誤導。
B. It doesn’t matter how famous the university is.這所大學有多出名並不重要。
C. It is important to find out the selection criteria.找出選擇標準是很重要的。
D. With so many choices, how can you make an informed decision?有這麼多的選擇，你怎麼能做出明智的決定呢?
E. Faced with all the information, what you need to do is to get the most out of it.面對所有的信息，你需要做的就是充分利用它。
F. The conversations and experiences you』ve had will mix together after a few visits. 幾次拜訪之後，你們的談話和經歷就會融合在一起。
G. Determine your own criteria—especially if you’re unsure about which subjects to study.確定你自己的標準——尤其是當你不確定要學習哪些科目的時候。
第三部分：書面表達（共兩節，35分）
第一節（15分）
假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你的英國好友Jim在給你的郵件中提到新冠病毒爆發給他帶來了焦慮，並詢問你在疫情期間的生活。請給他回郵件，內容包括：
1.安慰與鼓勵；
2.疫情期間你的生活與學習情況；
3.疫情給你帶來的思考。
注意：1．詞數不少於50；2．開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。
提示詞：新冠病毒 novel coronavirus；
Dear Jim,
（請務必將作文寫在答題卡指定區域內）
劉凱老師解析：
應用文：本篇作文是回信【詢問信+介紹信】，內容是安慰英國好友由於新冠病毒產生的焦慮情緒，出題結合實際，體現了「以情景任務為重要依託，以語言能力為主要推動力，以學以致用為直接導向，以核心素養為最終目標」的命題理念。
首段需體現交際感，對好友給予安慰和鼓勵；中間段圍繞要點介紹疫情期間自己的生活和學習情況，並表達自己的思考；結尾可以再次給予好友鼓勵，也可以詢問對方的情況，體現交際感。
除了基本的內容要點之外，還需要學生開放性的構思，結合實際生活經驗進行要點的延伸。建議同學們平時加強構思訓練，掌握應用文寫作的層次，以合理的邏輯和結構完成寫作。語言方面，建議選擇實用的詞彙，做到準確簡潔。
評分原則： 1．本題總分為15分，按4個檔次給分。2．評分時，先根據文章的內容和語言質量初步確定其檔次，然後以該檔次的要求來衡量，確定或調整檔次，最後給分。3．評分時應考慮：內容是否完整，條理是否清楚，交際是否得體，語言是否準確。4．拼寫、標點符號或書寫影響內容表達時，應視其影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫及詞彙用法均可接受。5．詞數少於50，從總分中減去1分。
One possible version
Dear Jim,
I do understand how you feel. The outbreak of novel coronavirus is a big challenge to every one of us. Please don’t be so anxious. With everybody standing together, I’m sure we can defeat the virus.
We can do our bit in this battle! I』d like to share what I have done in the past three months. To help prevent the virus from spreading, I have responded to the government’s call and stayed at home with my families. While keeping an eye on the situation, I have been studying with the help of the online course offered by our school. Communicating with my teachers and classmates online, I have never felt lonely. Besides, I have kept on doing some inside sports to keep fit and helped my mom with the housework.
Not going out is my way to fight the virus. Thinking of the medical staff, we have no reason not to discipline ourselves. We need to thank them and at the same time, treasure our life.
Please take care of yourself. Keep calm and carry on!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二節（20分）
假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。請根據以下四幅圖的先後順序，給學校英文報投稿，記述學校法制宣傳周期間的系列活動。
注意：1. 詞數不少於60詞；2. 開頭已給出，不計入總詞數。
提示詞：模擬法庭 moot court
Legal Awareness Week was opened in our school. A series of activities were carried out.
劉凱老師解析：
情景作文：今年東城一模主要以法制宣傳為主題，貼合時事熱點。
四幅圖的要點分別是：
1.「聆聽專家的法制宣傳講座」，
2.「製作法制宣傳海報」，
3.「體驗模擬法庭」，
4.「交流法制宣傳周心得」。
考生首先要注意審圖，切忌審錯、審漏圖內的要點和細節；第二，在保證要點齊全的前提下,適當添加細節，注意情節的連貫性，同時關注文章開篇概括內容、結尾主題升華。第三，文章中要體現句式的多樣性、以及用詞的準確性和豐富性。在適當增加長難句時，需要對非謂語動詞、三大從句及特殊句式進行靈活運用。另外，寫完之後要注意檢查，避免低級語法錯誤和單詞拼寫錯誤。
（請務必將作文寫在答題卡指定區域內）
評分原則：1．本題總分為20分，按5個檔次給分。2．評分時，先根據文章的內容和語言質量初步確定其檔次，然後以該檔次的要求來衡量，確定或調整檔次，最後給分。3．評分時應考慮：內容要點的完整性、上下文的連貫、詞彙和句式的多樣性及語言的準確性。4．拼寫、標點符號或書寫影響內容表達時，應視其影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫及詞彙用法均可接受。5．詞數少於60，從總分中減去1分。
內容要點：1．聆聽法制講座；2．製作張貼海報；3．參與模擬法庭；4．班會總結交流；
One possible version
Legal AwarenessWeek was opened in our school. A series of activities were carried out.
On Monday morning, an expert was invited to our school and delivered a lecture on law knowledge. We learned about the basic rules of law and some legal cases from the lecture. After that we got down to making some posters. We put up the posters on the bulletin board, aiming to enhance the understanding of laws.
The next day, we took part in a moot court to experience what a real trial was like. Several students acted as judges and lawyers, having a heated argument about legal issues. The vivid presentation on the moot court drew us closer to the law.
A class meeting was held as scheduled on Friday. We shared what we had learned during the week. All of us expressed that we had deepened the understanding of the law and it was of great importance to raise our legal awareness.
劉凱老師介紹：
劉凱，男，蒙古族，黑龍江省齊齊哈爾人。本科為哈爾濱師範大學英語系，碩士為北京理工大學。美國亞利桑那大學訪問學者，澳大利亞新蘭威爾斯大學ESL研修。2018年加州理工學院語言學雙學位獲得者。
北京市優秀青年教師，北京市級重點高中示範校骨幹教師，多年高中一線執教經驗，高三年級把關教師，多次參與東城區模擬試題命題工作，教學理念先進，教學成果突出，多篇教學論文獲市區級獎項。
教育部課題研究員，參與國家十二五課題計劃，並作出突出貢獻，參與初中、高中各年級區級試題的命制，多次承擔區級和市級研究課任務。
北京市科技英語優秀指導教師，所帶學生在各級英語口語、作文競賽中多次獲獎；劉凱老師將紮實的英語基本功和嚴謹的學術思想作為教學的基礎，課堂上善於寓教於樂，信息量大，內容豐富，使學生在和諧的課堂氣氛下欣賞英語、享受英語、掌握英語、運用英語。
曾多次參加高考閱卷工作，參與人民教育出版社、北京教育出版社、外研社等各類高考教學用書的編寫工作，有豐富的備考經驗，國際核心期刊發表多篇論文。
2009-2012年期間，多次受邀在北京廣播電臺主持英語高考大綱解析及英語新課程改革節目，學術功底深厚，兼具偶像派與實力派特點，教風親切灑脫，詼諧幽默，思維開闊，屢有奇思妙想，善於引導學生學以致用，對高考動向把握極其準確，深受學生和家長歡迎。尤其擅長英語語法和單詞記憶法。
海外生活學習十年，社科人文類學科偏愛者；10年雅思教齡，多家知名機構教師培訓師；