棲息地碎片化對動物的全球影響
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2019/12/6 17:49:16
美國俄勒岡州立大學Matthew G. Betts、Christopher Wolf等研究人員合作揭示棲息地碎片化對動物的全球影響。2019年12月6日出版的《科學》發表了這項成果。
研究人員表示,棲息地喪失是世界範圍內生物多樣性減少的主要因素,但棲息地碎片化(剩餘棲息地的空間排列)的影響也處於爭論中。
研究人員檢驗了以下假設:森林碎片敏感性(受避開棲息地邊緣的影響)應由歷史暴露以及物種對幹擾的進化反應所驅動。使用包含全球範圍內收集的73個數據集(包括4489種動物)的資料庫,研究人員發現,歷史擾動率低地區的碎片化敏感物種比例是擾亂率高的地區(即火災、冰災、颶風和森林砍伐)的近三倍。這些幹擾與緯度梯度一致,低緯度比高緯度的敏感性增加了六倍。研究人員認為,限制邊緣(由碎片化所引起)的保護工作在世界熱帶森林中將是最為重要的。
附:英文原文
Title: Extinction filters mediate the global effects of habitat fragmentation on animals
Author: Matthew G. Betts, Christopher Wolf, Marion Pfeifer, Cristina Banks-Leite, Víctor Arroyo-Rodríguez, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Jos Barlow, Felix Eigenbrod, Deborah Faria, Robert J. Fletcher, Adam S. Hadley, Joseph E. Hawes, Robert D. Holt, Brian Klingbeil, Urs Kormann, Luc Lens, Taal Levi, Guido F. Medina-Rangel, Stephanie L. Melles, Dirk Mezger, José Carlos Morante-Filho, C. David L. Orme, Carlos A. Peres, Benjamin T. Phalan, Anna Pidgeon, Hugh Possingham, William J. Ripple, Eleanor M. Slade, Eduardo Somarriba, Joseph A. Tobias, Jason M. Tylianakis, J. Nicolás Urbina-Cardona, Jonathon J. Valente, James I. Watling, Konstans Wells, Oliver R. Wearn, Eric Wood, Richard Young, Robert M. Ewers
Issue&Volume: 2019/12/06
Abstract: Habitat loss is the primary driver of biodiversity decline worldwide, but the effects of fragmentation (the spatial arrangement of remaining habitat) are debated. We tested the hypothesis that forest fragmentation sensitivity—affected by avoidance of habitat edges—should be driven by historical exposure to, and therefore species』 evolutionary responses to disturbance. Using a database containing 73 datasets collected worldwide (encompassing 4489 animal species), we found that the proportion of fragmentation-sensitive species was nearly three times as high in regions with low rates of historical disturbance compared with regions with high rates of disturbance (i.e., fires, glaciation, hurricanes, and deforestation). These disturbances coincide with a latitudinal gradient in which sensitivity increases sixfold at low versus high latitudes. We conclude that conservation efforts to limit edges created by fragmentation will be most important in the world’s tropical forests.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aax9387
Source:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6470/1236
Science:《科學》,創刊於1880年。隸屬於美國科學促進會,最新IF:41.037