科學家開發出人類遠端肺臟的類器官模型
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/11/27 13:46:53
美國史丹福大學Calvin J. Kuo等研究人員合作開發出人類遠端肺臟的類器官模型。該研究於2020年11月25日在線發表於國際一流學術期刊《自然》。
研究人員開發了遠端祖細胞的長期無飼養層、化學定義培養物,其作為源自單個成年人類肺泡上皮II型(AT2)或KRT5+基底細胞的類器官。AT2類器官表現出AT1轉分化潛能,而基底細胞類器官發展出由分化的棒狀和纖毛細胞排列的內腔。對基底類器官KRT5+細胞的單細胞分析顯示出一個獨特的ITGA6+ ITGB4+有絲分裂群體,其增殖進一步分離為TNFRSF12Ahi亞群,佔KRT5+基底細胞的10%,位於末端細支氣管內的簇中,並表現出豐富的克隆形成類器官生長活性。
研究人員創建了遠端肺臟類器官,其頂端朝外,從而在暴露的外表面上表達ACE2,可促進SARS-CoV-2感染。人類遠端肺臟的長期無飼養層類器官培養物以及單細胞分析,可鑑定基底細胞功能異質性,並為人類遠端肺部感染(包括與COVID-19相關的肺炎)建立了簡便的體外類器官模型。
據介紹,遠端肺臟包含促進氣體交換的末端細支氣管和肺泡。三維體外人遠端肺培養系統將極大地促進病理研究,包括間質性肺疾病、癌症和SARS-CoV-2相關的COVID-19肺炎。
附:英文原文
Title: Progenitor identification and SARS-CoV-2 infection in human distal lung organoids
Author: Ameen A. Salahudeen, Shannon S. Choi, Arjun Rustagi, Junjie Zhu, Vincent van Unen, Sean M. de la O, Ryan A. Flynn, Mar Margalef-Catal, Antnio J. M. Santos, Jihang Ju, Arpit Batish, Tatsuya Usui, Grace X. Y. Zheng, Caitlin E. Edwards, Lisa E. Wagar, Vincent Luca, Benedict Anchang, Monica Nagendran, Khanh Nguyen, Daniel J. Hart, Jessica M. Terry, Phillip Belgrader, Solongo B. Ziraldo, Tarjei S. Mikkelsen, Pehr B. Harbury, Jeffrey S. Glenn, K. Christopher Garcia, Mark M. Davis, Ralph S. Baric, Chiara Sabatti, Manuel R. Amieva, Catherine A. Blish, Tushar J. Desai, Calvin J. Kuo
Issue&Volume: 2020-11-25
Abstract: The distal lung contains terminal bronchioles and alveoli that facilitate gas exchange. Three-dimensional in vitro human distal lung culture systems would strongly facilitate investigation of pathologies including interstitial lung disease, cancer, and SARS-CoV-2-associated COVID-19 pneumonia. We generated long-term feeder-free, chemically defined culture of distal lung progenitors as organoids derived from single adult human alveolar epithelial type II (AT2) or KRT5+ basal cells. AT2 organoids exhibited AT1 transdifferentiation potential while basal cell organoids developed lumens lined by differentiated club and ciliated cells. Single cell analysis of basal organoid KRT5+ cells revealed a distinct ITGA6+ITGB4+ mitotic population whose proliferation further segregated to a TNFRSF12Ahi subfraction comprising ~10% of KRT5+ basal cells, residing in clusters within terminal bronchioles and exhibiting enriched clonogenic organoid growth activity. Distal lung organoids were created with apical-out polarity to display ACE2 on the exposed external surface, facilitating SARS-CoV-2 infection of AT2 and basal cultures and identifying club cells as a novel target population. This long-term, feeder-free organoid culture of human distal lung, coupled with single cell analysis, identifies unsuspected basal cell functional heterogeneity and establishes a facile in vitro organoid model for human distal lung infections including COVID-19-associated pneumonia.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-3014-1
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-3014-1