復用單細胞形態學可用於血液病理學診斷
作者：
小柯機器人發布時間：2020/3/15 13:00:45
美國史丹福大學Sean C. Bendall團隊研究提出復用單細胞形態學可用於血液病理學診斷。相關論文於2020年3月11日發表於《自然-醫學》。
淋巴瘤和白血病的診斷需要血液病理學家結合顯微鏡下可見的細胞形態與抗體鑑定的細胞表面分子表達。為了將這些融合為一種高通量、高度復用的單細胞測定法，研究人員通過其潛在的、抗體可測定的分子成分來量化細胞的形態特徵，從而使細胞計數儀能夠像病理學家一樣「看到」。
當應用於71種不同的臨床樣品時，單細胞形態分析可以揭示每種主要細胞類型的「形態」標記的穩健而獨特的模式。單一地，lamin B1會突出急性白血病，lamin A / C有助於將正常腫瘤與腫瘤成熟T細胞區分開來，而VAMP-7概括了光細胞計數法的側向散射。
形態學標記與機器學習相結合，形成了正常和腫瘤細胞分布與分化的直觀可視化。
據介紹，當對骨髓單核細胞計數進行重新校準時，這種方法優於流式細胞術，可與專業顯微鏡相媲美，而無需經過多年的專門培訓。
在獨立的形態學框架上對傳統表面標記物的背景分析可以對複雜的造血系統疾病進行更加靈敏和自動化的診斷。
附：英文原文
Title: Multiplexed single-cell morphometry for hematopathology diagnostics
Author: Albert G. Tsai, David R. Glass, Marisa Juntilla, Felix J. Hartmann, Jean S. Oak, Sebastian Fernandez-Pol, Robert S. Ohgami, Sean C. Bendall
Issue&Volume: 2020-03-11
Abstract: The diagnosis of lymphomas and leukemias requires hematopathologists to integrate microscopically visible cellular morphology with antibody-identified cell surface molecule expression. To merge these into one high-throughput, highly multiplexed, single-cell assay, we quantify cell morphological features by their underlying, antibody-measurable molecular components, which empowers mass cytometers to 『see』 like pathologists. When applied to 71 diverse clinical samples, single-cell morphometric profiling reveals robust and distinct patterns of 『morphometric』 markers for each major cell type. Individually, lamin B1 highlights acute leukemias, lamin A/C helps distinguish normal from neoplastic mature T cells, and VAMP-7 recapitulates light-cytometric side scatter. Combined with machine learning, morphometric markers form intuitive visualizations of normal and neoplastic cellular distribution and differentiation. When recalibrated for myelomonocytic blast enumeration, this approach is superior to flow cytometry and comparable to expert microscopy, bypassing years of specialized training. The contextualization of traditional surface markers on independent morphometric frameworks permits more sensitive and automated diagnosis of complex hematopoietic diseases.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0783-x
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0783-x