摘要:建立了印度洋區域地震海嘯數值預報系統,主要包括海嘯源計算模塊、海嘯傳播計算模塊和預警分析模塊。藉助GPU並行加速技術和GMT繪圖軟體,系統能夠在1 min內產出海嘯傳播時間和最大波幅圖以及印度洋岸段危險警示圖,還可以針對重點城市和港口做定點預報。篩選了2004年以來發生在印度洋區域的4次震級Mw8.0以上地震海嘯事件對預報系統的性能進行測試。結果顯示:32個驗潮站的海嘯傳播時間計算誤差約為15 min,44個站點波幅計算誤差不超過30%,危險性分析準確率可達86%。
關鍵詞:海上絲綢之路;印度洋區域;海嘯數值預報;定量海嘯預警
Abstract:An earthquake-induced tsunami forecast system for the Indian Ocean is established in this study, which is composed of tsunami generation calculation, tsunami propagation simulation and hazard analysis. Based on the GPU acceleration technology and GMT software, the system can generate estimate tsunami arrival time, maximum amplitude maps and coastal threat maps along the Indian Ocean shores within one minute. It can also customize the forecasts for key cities and ports. The performance of the forecasting system is validated by simulating the four earthquake-induced tsunami events with a magnitude above Mw8.0 that occurred in the Indian Ocean since 2004. The results show that the absolute error of the estimated tsunami travel time at 32 tide stations is about 15 minutes, and the relative error of the wave amplitude at 44 stations is within 30%. Furthermore, the forecast accuracy of the risk analysis can reach 86%.
Key words:Maritime Silk Road, Indian Ocean, numerical tsunami forecast, quantitative tsunami warning