看BBC如何用英文表達「代購」

隨著生活水平的提高，越來越多國人開始追求生活品質，希望購買優質海外產品，於是代購行業順勢而生。而作為優質乳品和保健品生產大國，同時也是海外華人的主要聚集地，澳大利亞自然成為中國代購們的重點掃貨對象。如果你在澳洲街頭看到瘋狂購物的華人，十有八九這是一位代購。在澳洲代購的主力軍一般都是年輕的海外移民、留學生，做代購既能補貼學費，又能靈活安排工作時間，還能把好貨帶給家人朋友，可謂一箭三雕，何樂而不為。

Shoppers in China cannot always find the brands of baby milk formula they want locally

In Sydney, a multi million dollar export industry starts with a simple trip to the shops.
在雪梨，只是逛一逛商店就能做起幾百萬美元的出口生意。

Laden with plastic bags that are almost too heavy to carry, we meet Rika Wenjing, a 24 year old accountancy graduate from Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province.
麗卡來自湖北武漢，是一名24歲的會計專業研究生，我們見到她時，她提著重得幾乎快要拿不動的購物袋。

Rika Wenjing started working as a daigou while she was a student

She labours with tins of infant food, supplements and skin lotions from a discount chemist to sell to customers back home in China.
她從折扣藥店購買來成桶的嬰兒食品、保養品和護膚液，再賣給中國的顧客。

Rika has worked part time for the past two years as a daigou, a freelance retail consultant.
麗卡已經做了兩年的兼職代購，這是一種自由零售顧問。

She is glued to her phone and tablet, using the messaging app WeChat to build a network of 300 clients who aren't afraid to pay premium prices for trustworthy Australian goods.
她盯著手機和平板電腦，用微信建立起和300名客戶的買賣關係，這些客戶都願意花高價購買值得信賴的澳大利亞產品。

"In the beginning I just had my friends and my aunty to buy baby formula or unique brands from Australia, like Ugg boots. Then I wanted to build a platform to show more products to them," she told the BBC. "I don't want just to earn money, I want to provide products to my friends."
她對BBC表示，「起初，只有一些朋友和我姑姑從我這裡購買嬰兒配方奶粉或是澳大利亞特有的品牌產品，如UGG雪地靴。隨後，我想搭建一個平臺給他們展示更多的產品。我不僅僅是想賺錢，我也想把好產品帶給我的朋友。」

Ugg boots are popular with Chinese shoppers

In Australia, it's estimated there are 40,000 daigou, which means "on behalf of" in Mandarin.
據估計，澳大利亞有4萬名代購。

The online shopping agents are almost exclusively from Chinese mainland, and are young migrants or international students looking for flexible ways to help cover their rent and university fees.
這些網絡代購幾乎全部來自中國大陸，他們是年輕移民者，或是想要做些時間靈活的工作來支付房租和學費的國際學生。

The epicentre of the trade is in Sydney, a city with a growing Chinese community and frequent direct flights to China, which makes doing business quicker and smoother.
雪梨是代購生意的聚集地，這裡越來越多的中國人和頻繁直飛中國的航班讓代購生意做起來更加便捷。

Earlier this year, Beijing tightened regulations on cross border online shopping, but there is still money to be made, especially in baby milk formula, known as "white gold".
今年初，中國加強了對境外網購的管控，但是這類生意仍然有利可圖，特別是對於以「白色黃金」著稱的嬰兒配方奶粉。

At the height of a boom last year in demand in China for milk formula, a buying surge from daigou attracted criticism in sections of the Australian media for leaving domestic shoppers empty handed.
去年中國對配方奶粉的需求最旺盛的時候，代購的購買狂潮致使本土購物者空手而歸，因此招來澳大利亞媒體的抨擊。

As demand peaked last year some shops limited the amount of formula customers could buy

Daigou came to prominence in Europe by shipping luxury goods such as Gucci handbags to China.
代購在歐洲受到關注，是因為他們把這裡的古琦包包等奢侈品賣到中國。

In Australia, the trade revolves around everyday items including food, beauty products, wine and clothes.
在澳大利亞，主要代購的商品是食品、美容產品、葡萄酒和衣服等日常用品。

"There are smaller daigou, so mum doing a home business and ship the product to China. There are also those which open up their own shop and try to do a bigger scale business," says Benjamin Sun, the co founder of Think China, a digital marketing company in Sydney.
雪梨數字營銷公司Think China的創始人之一班傑明•孫表示，「有些代購規模較小，所以由媽媽打理家族式生意，將產品郵寄到中國。也有一些開店的代購想要把生意規模做得更大。」

Benjamin Sun says the work of a daigou is all about building trust with clients

"Some of the daigou… establish their own logistics, own e-commerce website and try to formally distribute the products. It is all about trust, that is what daigou is doing - building trust between their clients. They are small but they are a lot of people. If you add them together, they are huge."
「有些代購……建立自己的物流網絡、電商網站，試圖正規經銷產品。這一切都關乎誠信，代購所做的就是與顧客建立信任。他們規模雖小，但是人數眾多。如果你把他們加起來，規模就會變得巨大。」

Daigou typically charge premiums of about 50% above the retail price in Australia. But even allowing for transport fees, buyers in China invariably pay much less for the same product in a local shop - assuming it is available.
代購一般收取商品本土零售價格的50%作為代購費。但是即使算上郵費，中國買家們花的錢還是比在國內商店購買同樣產品花得少——假設能買到的話。

The industry with its home spun roots does have its challenges. Customers must be convinced the goods they receive are genuine, and not fake, and that the supplier is reliable.
這個以家庭作坊式生意為根基的行業的確面臨著挑戰。代購必須讓顧客相信他們收到的貨物是正品，而不是假貨，而且供應商要穩定可靠。

Consultants often livestream their visits to supermarkets and chemists to prove the authenticity of the goods they send. It is an industry founded on trust.
代購們經常直播他們逛超市和藥店的過程，以此證明他們出售的貨物的真實性。這是一個建立在信任基礎上的行業。

In the Sydney suburb of Yagoona, Bob Sun, originally from the city of Dalian but now studying accountancy at Macquarie University, is renting a warehouse with three Chinese friends for their expanding business.
鮑勃•孫來自大連，在麥克裡大學學習會計，他在雪梨郊區亞古娜區租了一個倉庫，和三個中國朋友一起擴大他們的生意。

Bob Sun (centre) and colleagues process orders for Australian goods

They pack their products - again mostly milk powder, vitamins and skin creams - with Australian magazines to help prove their provenance.
他們用澳大利亞的雜誌打包產品——多數也是奶粉、維生素和護膚霜——來證明產品的來源。

Bob Sun packs boxes to send to his clients in China

"The income from daigou is reasonable compared to other working opportunities like working in a restaurant and that sort of thing. The profit is really enough to cover your rent. It is easy to do that," the 24 year old student told the BBC.
24歲的孫對BBC表示，「與在餐廳打工之類的其他工作相比，代購的收入更可觀。收益足夠交納房租，做起來很簡單。」

"The biggest reason for me to do daigou is to not work in some company or to work in a restaurant. It is flexible."
「我做代購的最大原因就是不想在某些公司或在餐館工作。這份工作很靈活。」

These freelance exporters have created thousands of trading routes both small and big into China, a market that can be almost impenetrable for some Australian companies, and others from New Zealand. Increasingly firms are collaborating with specialist consultants to harness their contacts and expertise.
這些自由出口商們已經創造了成千上萬大大小小通往中國的貿易通道，澳大利亞和紐西蘭的一些公司無法打入這個市場。越來越多的公司開始與專業的代購合作，利用他們的關係和專業知識。

"We think daigou are good for both the local economy... and they are very good for our business," says Peter Nathan, chief executive of A2 Milk, a New Zealand baby formula manufacturer that also operates in Australia.
皮特•南森是紐西蘭嬰兒奶粉生產商A2乳業的執行長，該公司也在澳大利亞經營其產品。皮特表示，「我們認為，代購即能給當地的經濟帶來好處，也對我們的生意有益。」

"We clearly believe they are a positive force and it's fair to say that it is something we are assessing."
「我們十分確信他們是一股正面力量，可以說，這是我們正在評估的東西。」

Vocabulary

epicenter: 中心
provenance: 來源，出處
impenetrable: 無法進入的

英文來源：英國廣播公司
翻譯：董靜
編審：yaning