聯合研究團隊揭示兒童顱內惡性腫瘤的細胞結構
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2019/8/1 18:51:20
由美國麻省總醫院、哈佛醫學院、布羅德研究所和聖猶大兒童研究醫院的專家聯合牽頭的國際科研團隊取得一項新突破,他們提出了用單細胞基因組學的方法分析了成神經管細胞瘤的細胞結構。相關論文發表在2019年8月1日出版的《自然》上。
研究團隊利用單細胞轉錄組學研究了囊括成神經管細胞瘤所有四種分子亞型的25種成神經管細胞瘤樣本中的腫瘤內和腫瘤間的異質性。他們發現WNT亞型,SHH亞型和組3亞型包括了亞型特異性的未分化神經元樣惡性腫瘤細胞群體和分化神經元樣特性腫瘤細胞群體。但是,組4亞型僅僅由分化的神經元樣腫瘤細胞組成。SHH亞型跟處於和患者年齡相關的不同分化狀態的顆粒神經元非常相似。組3和組4亞型則顯示出從原始祖細胞樣細胞到更成熟的神經元樣細胞的發育軌跡,並且能夠通過這兩種細胞亞型的相對比例區分彼此。跨物種轉錄組學分析則將不同穀氨酸種群體定義為SHH亞型和組4亞型的假定來推測細胞來源。總之,這些實驗數據對亞型特異性的成神經管瘤細胞生物學和發育生物學研究提供了新的見解。
研究人員表示,成神經管細胞瘤是一種惡性兒童小腦腫瘤類型,包含了不同的分子亞型。儘管這些亞型的基因組特性已經得到明確定義,但是細胞多樣性在多大程度上決定了它們不同的生物學和臨床行為?仍然有待探索。
附:英文原文
Title: Resolving medulloblastoma cellular architecture by single-cell genomics
Author: Volker Hovestadt
Issue&Volume: Volume 572 Issue 7767
Abstract: Medulloblastoma is a malignant childhood cerebellar tumour type that comprises distinct molecular subgroups. Whereas genomic characteristics of these subgroups are well defined, the extent to which cellular diversity underlies their divergent biology and clinical behaviour remains largely unexplored. Here we used single-cell transcriptomics to investigate intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity in 25 medulloblastomas spanning all molecular subgroups. WNT, SHH and Group 3 tumours comprised subgroup-specific undifferentiated and differentiated neuronal-like malignant populations, whereas Group 4 tumours consisted exclusively of differentiated neuronal-like neoplastic cells. SHH tumours closely resembled granule neurons of varying differentiation states that correlated with patient age. Group 3 and Group 4 tumours exhibited a developmental trajectory from primitive progenitor-like to more mature neuronal-like cells, the relative proportions of which distinguished these subgroups. Cross-species transcriptomics defined distinct glutamatergic populations as putative cells-of-origin for SHH and Group 4 subtypes. Collectively, these data provide insights into the cellular and developmental states underlying subtype-specific medulloblastoma biology.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1434-6
Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1434-6