科學家發現慢性阻塞性肺疾病產生原因
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/4/16 17:24:46
近日,美國休斯頓大學Wa Xian、Frank D. McKeon等研究人員合作發現,慢性阻塞性肺疾病中存在能夠導致炎症和纖維化的病變克隆。這一研究成果於2020年4月15日在線發表在《細胞》上。
研究人員表示,慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一種以慢性支氣管炎、小呼吸道阻塞、炎症、纖維化和肺泡氣腫性破壞為特徵的肺部炎症性疾病。目前,全球有2.5億這種疾病的患者,也是導致人類死亡的主要疾病之一。
由於80%的COPD患者與長期慢性吸菸有關,因此嚴格戒菸能夠降低這種疾病的風險。但是,對於已確診的患者,戒菸卻收效甚微。儘管炎症、纖維化、粘液分泌過多和化生上皮病變是這一疾病的標誌,但其起源和依賴關係仍不清楚。
研究人員利用單細胞克隆技術來檢測了COPD患者或者無該疾病人群的肺組織。與正常氣管遠端祖細胞為主的對照肺不同,COPD肺包含了大量具有三種不同表觀化生病變的祖細胞。當將這些變異克隆移植到免疫缺陷小鼠中時,它們會誘發類似於COPD中所見的粘液和鱗狀化生、嗜中性粒細胞炎症和纖維化的病理。值得注意的是,類似的變異在對照肺和胎兒肺中佔次要成分,並且處於正常的免疫監控下。但是,這些相同的變體在擴增到較大數量時可能會促進COPD的病理和進行性特徵。
由於研究人員現在已經知道負責COPD病變的特定細胞,因此這些病變細胞將來能夠使用特異性的藥物來選擇性殺死,就像靶向癌細胞一樣進行幹預,從而使得正常細胞能夠再生肺組織。
附:英文原文
Title: Regenerative Metaplastic Clones in COPD Lung Drive Inflammation and Fibrosis
Author: Wei Rao, Shan Wang, Marcin Duleba, Suchan Niroula, Kristina Goller, Jingzhong Xie, Rajasekaran Mahalingam, Rahul Neupane, Audrey-Ann Liew, Matthew Vincent, Kenichi Okuda, Wanda K. O』Neal, Richard C. Boucher, Burton F. Dickey, Michael E. Wechsler, Omar Ibrahim, John F. Engelhardt, Tinne C.J. Mertens, Wei Wang, Soma S.K. Jyothula, Christopher P. Crum, Harry Karmouty-Quintana, Kalpaj R. Parekh, Mark L. Metersky, Frank D. McKeon, Wa Xian
Issue&Volume: 2020-04-15
Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive condition of chronicbronchitis, small airway obstruction, and emphysema that represents a leading causeof death worldwide. While inflammation, fibrosis, mucus hypersecretion, and metaplasticepithelial lesions are hallmarks of this disease, their origins and dependent relationshipsremain unclear. Here we apply single-cell cloning technologies to lung tissue of patientswith and without COPD. Unlike control lungs, which were dominated by normal distalairway progenitor cells, COPD lungs were inundated by three variant progenitors epigeneticallycommitted to distinct metaplastic lesions. When transplanted to immunodeficient mice,these variant clones induced pathology akin to the mucous and squamous metaplasia,neutrophilic inflammation, and fibrosis seen in COPD. Remarkably, similar variantspre-exist as minor constituents of control and fetal lung and conceivably act in normalprocesses of immune surveillance. However, these same variants likely catalyze thepathologic and progressive features of COPD when expanded to high numbers.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.047
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30340-8
Cell:《細胞》,創刊於1974年。隸屬於細胞出版社,最新IF:36.216