細胞表面力學調控胚胎幹細胞的分化
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/11/19 13:12:01
德國歐洲分子生物學實驗室Alba Diz-Muoz小組發現,細胞表面力學調控胚胎幹細胞的分化。2020年11月17日,《細胞—幹細胞》雜誌在線發表了這項成果。
研究人員發現,膜力學控制小鼠胚胎幹細胞初始多能性的分化。通過測量早期分化過程中的膜張力,研究人員發現,當轉變為活化狀態時,初始幹細胞會從潛在的肌動蛋白皮層釋放質膜。通過增強Ezrin活性或表達合成的信號惰性接頭,將質膜機械地拴在皮層上,研究人員證明了防止這種分離迫使幹細胞保持其初始的多能性身份。因此,研究人員確定質膜到皮層附著的減少是一種新的細胞內在機制,對幹細胞退出多能性至關重要。
據介紹,細胞分化通常伴隨形狀轉變,從而現專門的功能。為了產生不同的形狀,細胞需要改變其表面的機械性能。但是,細胞表面力學是否控制分化過程尚未得到充分的研究。
附:英文原文
Title: Cell Surface Mechanics Gate Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
Author: Martin Bergert, Sergio Lembo, Sumana Sharma, Luigi Russo, Danica Milovanovi, Kristjan H. Gretarsson, Mandy Brmel, Pierre A. Neveu, Jamie A. Hackett, Evangelia Petsalaki, Alba Diz-Muoz
Issue&Volume: 2020-11-17
Abstract: Cell differentiation typically occurs with concomitant shape transitions to enable specialized functions. To adopt a different shape, cells need to change the mechanical properties of their surface. However, whether cell surface mechanics control the process of differentiation has been relatively unexplored. Here we show that membrane mechanics gate exit from naive pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells. By measuring membrane tension during early differentiation, we find that naive stem cells release their plasma membrane from the underlying actin cortex when transitioning to a primed state. By mechanically tethering the plasma membrane to the cortex by enhancing Ezrin activity or expressing a synthetic signaling-inert linker, we demonstrate that preventing this detachment forces stem cells to retain their naive pluripotent identity. We thus identify a decrease in membrane-to-cortex attachment as a new cell-intrinsic mechanism that is essential for stem cells to exit pluripotency.
DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.10.017
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(20)30533-6