雙語學校在我國可以說是非常常見了,許多家長將孩子送到雙語學校讀書,希望從小能夠接觸不同的語言和文化,將來也能在國際化的競爭中更具優勢。
近年來,中文學習的熱潮席捲全球,不僅許多成人主動參加補習班,很多家庭意識到中文的重要性之後,也讓自己的孩子從小學習中文。美國總統川普的外孫女在學,英國的小王子也在學,其火爆程度堪稱「全世界都在說中國話」。中文教師在國外成了炙手可熱的職業,然而,一直到今年9月之前,整個西歐地區卻連一所中英雙語的小學都沒有。
所以,當第一家中英雙語小學出現在英國倫敦肯辛頓區的時候,受到了空前熱烈的歡迎:入學名額被家長們哄搶一空,多家媒體派出記者前往學校一探究竟…
There are just two classrooms at Kensington Wade, a shiny new independent prep school opening in west London in September, and at a glance, they look the same. Colourful charts cover the walls, storybooks line the shelves, the odd toy lies around. Peer a little closer, however, and a certain difference becomes clear.
肯辛頓·韋德小學位於西倫敦,這所嶄新的私立學校於今年9月開學,目前還只有兩間教室。教室裡的牆壁上貼滿五顏六色的圖表,書架上整齊擺放著故事書,周圍還放著一些奇特的玩具,乍一看,跟其他教室都差不多,但是近距離觀察之後,這所學校的教室跟其他教室的區別逐漸顯現了出來。
Photo: HEATHCLIFF O'MALLEY / TELEGRAPH「There isn’t a word of English in here,」 the headmistress, Jo Wallace, says as we pause in one of them. It’s true – the charts contain only Chinese symbols, the books are in Mandarin, and laid out are traditional oriental fans, scrolls and artwork. Even the school’s world map, which might normally have Europe at the centre of the picture, instead shows gives Asia and the Pacific the limelight.
當我們仔細觀察教室的時候,肯辛頓·韋德小學的校長華萊士(Jo Wallace)介紹稱,「在這裡一個英文單詞都沒有。」她說的沒錯,牆上的圖表中只有中國的符號,書架上都是中文書籍,周圍的陳設也是傳統的東方風格,有摺扇、書畫捲軸、其他藝術品等等。就連這所學校裡的世界地圖也是以亞洲和太平洋為中心,而不像其他英國常見的地圖中以歐洲為中心。
Photo: HEATHCLIFF O'MALLEY / TELEGRAPH「That’s what we mean by this being totally immersive learning,」 Wallace says, 「the children will switch as soon as they’re in here, and that’s how they』ll begin to think in two ways.」
華萊士表示,「這就是我們所說的『浸入式』教學方法,孩子們一旦進入了教室,就能迅速切換角色,因此他們能培養兩套不同的思維方式。」
Kensington Wade is the first of its kind in western Europe: a dual language English-Chinese prep school, offering completely bilingual education for children between the ages of 3 and 11. Children of any background are welcome, meaning the school is being presented as something of a modern alternative to the nearby Lycée Fran?ais Charles De Gaulle.
肯辛頓·韋德小學是西歐第一所中英雙語小學,為3至11歲的孩子提供雙語教育。任何背景的孩子都能來讀這所學校,也就是說,這所小學可能會成為附近的查爾斯·戴高樂小學的現代替代產物 (小編註:查爾斯·戴高樂小學是當地很受歡迎的英法雙語學校)。
Photo: HEATHCLIFF O'MALLEY / TELEGRAPHIt also comes with a bold promise. Staff are telling prospective parents that by the time their child leaves to go on to secondary school, they will be entirely fluent in Mandarin Chinese, while at the same time receiving just as good an education as any pupil of a 『normal』 English language school. By instilling that bilingual mindset, it’s thought, students here will be better prepared for the rigours of global 21st century life than any other children in Britain.
肯辛頓·韋德小學也提出了大膽的承諾,工作人員向準父母們表示,當他們的孩子從這裡畢業,進入中學時,已經可以流利地使用中文,同時,其他方面的教育質量也將和「普通的」英語教學學校一樣好。通過培養孩子的雙語思維,肯辛頓·韋德小學認為,他們的學生將來比英國其他的孩子更能適應21世紀的生活。
Photo: HEATHCLIFF O'MALLEY / TELEGRAPHIt sounds a heady goal, but following a model that has proved successful in other bilingual schools, everything at Kensington Wade will be split down the middle. There will be a British teacher and a Chinese teacher, and half of lessons, games and activities will be held in English, while the other half will be in Mandarin (hence the two classrooms). Even the food served in the dining hall will aim for an even mix.
這個目標聽起來挺高的,但是根據其他雙語學校的成功事例,肯辛頓·韋德小學將這裡的每一件事都一分為二。學生們有一位英國老師和一位中國老師,課程、遊戲、課外活動中,一半使用英語,一半使用中文 (所以有兩間教室),就連餐廳提供的食物都是中餐西餐「混搭」的。
Photo: HEATHCLIFF O'MALLEY / TELEGRAPH「We are still fine-tuning the timetables, but pupils will likely alternate lessons as much as possible between the languages, rather than in week blocks or alternating between days,」 says Wallace. 「At this crucial age, 3-5 years, they pick things up so quickly that the system will feel natural straight away.」
校長華萊士表示,「我們依然在微調時間表,儘量使學生們切換課程的同時也切換語言,而不是一周或者好幾天才切換一次。在這個關鍵的年紀,3至5年時間裡他們很快就能適應這種系統,以後就能做到習以為常了。」
可以說是每個細節都非常用心打造了,甚至還有一半中餐的「福利」... 此外,報導中還提到,和很多雙語學校的規定一樣,在中文教室裡上課的時候,必須講中文,不得隨意使用英文。
在國內,雙語學校的費用相對來說是比較高的,那麼這所英國第一家中英雙語小學如何收費?據《每日電訊報》報導,韋德小學的學費為1.7萬英鎊(約合人民幣15萬元)每年,韋德小學附屬的幼兒園計劃明年開始招生,學費為5000英鎊(約合人民幣4.43萬元)每年。
別看15萬元人民幣數額挺大,但是在倫敦肯辛頓區這種瀰漫著「壕」氣的地段,這價格可以說是非常「親民」了...家長紛紛表示滿意。
其實,幾年前英國政府就曾對推廣中文教育表示支持。現在,除了富人家庭,普通家庭的家長們也意識到了學習中文的重要性:
A craze for Mandarin, largely confined to affluent families in London. Still, it moved into full swing under the previous Conservative government when George Osborne, the then chancellor, offered primary schools £10m to introduce classes.
學習中文的浪潮曾經主要集中在倫敦地區的富裕家庭。保守黨執政、喬治·奧斯本(George Osborne)任財政大臣時,曾提供1000萬英鎊資金幫助英國的小學推廣中文教育,後來學中文的熱潮蔓延至全國。
For those parents inclined to start their children early, there is Hatching Dragons, the UK’s first Mandarin-English nursery. It claims to 「foster fluency」 in both languages by age five, and has just opened a second London location with a third soon to follow.
對於希望自己的孩子早日開始學習中文的家長們來說,可以選擇英國首家中英雙語幼兒園「望子成龍」幼兒園(Hatching Dragons)。該幼兒園稱,能使孩子在5歲以前就流利掌握兩種語言。目前「望子成龍」幼兒園在倫敦開了第二家,很快就要開設第三家。
File photo: Hatching DragonsIn the US, there are now a few hundred schools offering immersive Mandarin education, not only on the coasts but also in places like Kansas and Nebraska. This year’s National Chinese Language Conference drew more than 1,200 teachers and other attendees to Houston to compare notes.
在美國,目前有幾百所學習提供「浸入式」中文教育,不僅僅在海岸地區,堪薩斯州、內布拉斯加州等地也有這樣的學校。
「Chinese is the emerging language because China is emerging as a political and economic power,」 said Antonella Sorace, a linguistics professor who founded the Bilingualism Matters centre at the University of Edinburgh. 「It’s regarded as a good investment.」
在愛丁堡大學創立雙語教學事務中心的語言學教授安東內拉(Antonella Sorace)表示,「中國現在政治經濟實力不斷發展,中文也隨之變成了新興熱門語言,現在學習中文是一門很好的投資。」
「A lot of Chinese people will be speaking brilliant English [in the future], but it gets you through the door.」 said Ms Gurunathan, a self-confessed 「tiger mom」 and policy wonk.
一位自稱「虎媽」的政策研究者古魯納坦(Gurunathan)女士認為,「(將來)很多中國人的英語都說的很好,但是學中文卻能使你跨過那道門檻。」
Via Financial Times
不得不說,這些英國家長們讓孩子學習中文是切切實實地著眼未來、提前做好準備:
David Cameron in Shanghai, China. File photo: BBCIn 2013 David Cameron said that, 「by the time children born today leave school China is set to be the world’s largest economy. It’s time to look beyond the traditional focus on French and German and get many more children learning Mandarin.」
2013年,時任英國首相的卡梅倫(David Cameron)曾表示,「現在出生的孩子們將來從學校畢業時,中國也將成為世界上最大的經濟體。是時候改變過去專注於學法語、德語的想法,讓更多的孩子學習中文了。」
Photo: ft.com「In order to conduct business with China, it really is vital to be able to speak the language」 says Professor Hugo de Burgh, Kensington Wade’s chairman and founder. 「China is currently the leading trade partner for 124 nations. We want to prepare the next generation to make the most of that opportunity.」
肯辛頓·韋德小學的創始人雨果·布赫(Hugo de Burgh)教授表示,「為了與中國更好的開展業務,會說中文真的是一項很重要的技能。中國目前是124個國家的主要貿易夥伴,我們想讓下一代提前做好準備,充分利用好這個機會。」
最後,還有值得一提的一點,針對英國學生們普遍很害怕的科目:數學,肯辛頓·韋德小學也已經引進了中國上海的數學課標...
唔,孩子們,就祝你們好運吧...
來源:《每日電訊報》,《金融時報》,BBC / 圖片除標註外均來自網絡