先天性馬蹄內翻足是常見的先天性足畸形。由足下垂、內翻、內收三個主要畸形綜合而成。以後足馬蹄、內翻、內旋,前足內收、內翻、高弓為主要表現的畸形疾病。男性發病較多,可為單側發病,也可雙側。畸形明顯,一出生就能發現,因此疏忽的病例較少見,多能及早治療,效果也較好,但畸形也易復發,應定期隨訪至骨骼成熟,約在患兒14歲後。病因尚不清楚。先天性馬蹄內翻足無特殊藥物治療。
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Clubfoot(Talipes Equinovarus)
馬蹄內翻足
Overview(概述)
This birth defect results in a shortening of the tendons on the inner side and rear of the foot, which causes the foot to be permanently twisted inward and upward. In about half the cases, both feet are affected. If left untreated, the afflicted person will eventually walk on the outer side of the affected foot or feet.
這種先天性缺陷使足內側和後方的肌腱短縮,引起足永久性向內上方扭曲。在半數病例,雙足受累。若不及時治療,病人最終只能用受累的腳的外側行走。
Causes(原因)
Clubfoot develops in the womb. Doctors don't know exactly what causes the condition, but it may be caused by a genetic defect or a compression of the legs and feet that forces them to grow into an unnatural posture.
馬蹄內翻足在宮內發育形成。目前尚不清楚究竟是什麼原因導致這種情況,可能因基因缺陷或腿和腿受壓使它們長成非自然的形狀。
Treatment(治療)
Clubfoot can be successfully treated with a variety of devices and procedures. Treatment begins shortly after birth. In some cases, a combination of exercises, braces, splints, a series of casts, and orthopedic shoes may provide the needed correction. In many cases, minor surgery may also be needed to release tendons of the foot or ankle to allow the foot to turn to the proper position.
馬蹄內翻足可通過各種各樣的裝置和手術方式來成功治癒。出生後不久即開始治療。在一些病例,聯合鍛鍊、支具、夾板、一系列的石膏、矯形鞋可提供必要的矯正。在許多病例,需要做較小的手術以松解足踝部的肌腱,允許腳轉到正常的位置。
(胡佰文 譯)
相關閱讀:
骨科小病不求醫014:爪形趾(CLAW TOE)
骨科小病不求醫015:馬蹄內翻足(CLUBFOOT/TALIPES EQUINOVARUS)
骨科手術早知道006:Weil截骨術治療爪形趾(WEIL OSTEOTOMY FOR CLAW TOE)
中英文字幕:慢性外踝痛(Chronic Lateral Ankle Pain)
中英文字幕:拇外翻/拇囊炎(Bunion)
中英文字幕:踝關節扭傷(Ankle Sprains)
骨科手術早知道149:拇囊炎切除(Bunionectomy)
骨科手術早知道007:拇囊炎切除/拇外翻矯正(BUNIONECTOMY /CHEVRON BUNIONECTOMY)
骨科小病不求醫012:拇囊炎/拇外翻(BUNION)
骨科手術早知道108:拇外翻矯正術(Bunionectomy)
英漢對照骨科患者指南001:踝關節解剖
英漢對照骨科患者指南006:踝關節扭傷(上)
英漢對照骨科患者指南006:踝關節扭傷(下)
骨科小病不求醫011:踝關節扭傷(ANKLE SPRAINS)
骨科小病不求醫017:高位踝關節扭傷/HIGH ANKLE
SPRAIN/SYNDESMOSIS LIGAMENT INJURY
骨科手術早知道012:踝關節外側韌帶重建術(LATERAL ANKLE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION)
中英文字幕:成人獲得性平足(Adult Acquired Flatfoot)
英漢對照骨科患者指南012:踝關節撞擊症
中英文字幕:跟腱損傷(Achilles Tendon Injuries)
中英文字幕:足部副舟骨(Accessory Navicular)
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