原創 醜醜姐姐 專利分析可視化
本文介紹了具有抗SARS-CoV-2潛在活性的小型有機分子/肽類抗病毒藥物候選物的相關專利的檢索策略。由於研究正在迅速發展，因此，本文中所列的藥物清單並不詳盡。檢索的目標文獻是公開了這些特定藥物的化學結構式以及具有相類似化學結構的相關文獻。
1. 3CLpro-1
3CLPro是新型冠狀病毒（2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2）產生的主要的蛋白酶，可作為有效的抗病毒藥物靶點。2003年SARS以來已經有大量的研究基礎。抗HIV藥物洛匹那韋Lopinavir與利託那韋Ritonavir等也是作用於類似的蛋白酶靶點，並在臨床上得到很好的驗證。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND (ctxt = "3_CL_pro_1"OR ctxt = "3CLpro_1" OR cl = "A61K31/4015" OR cl = "A61K38/05")
對上述檢索式解釋如下：
檢索式1 cl = "A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low" #小型有機分子/肽類抗病毒藥物
檢索式2 ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt= "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov" #COVID-19
檢索式3 ctxt = "3_CL_pro_1" OR ctxt = "3CLpro_1" OR cl ="A61K31/4015" OR cl = "A61K38/05" #3CLpro_1
下面的各種藥物的檢索思路與3CLpro-1一致。
2. Abacavir 阿巴卡韋
Abacavir阿巴卡韋，一種抗愛滋藥物，最早由英國的葛蘭素韋康公司生產。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid"OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "abacavir*" OR ctxt ="Ziagen*" OR ctxt = "1592_U_89" OR ctxt ="Trizivir*" OR ctxt = "Epzicom*") OR cl ="A61K31/52")
3. Acyclovir 阿昔洛韋
Acyclovir阿昔洛韋，一種合成的嘌呤核苷類似物，主要用於單純皰疹病毒所致的各種感染，為治療HSV腦炎的首選藥物。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Ac#clovir*" OR ctxt = "Activir*" OR ctxt ="ACV*" OR ctxt = "Acycloguanosin*" OR ctxt ="Zovirax*") OR claims = "Zovirax*" OR cl ="A61K31/522")
4. Arbidol 阿比朵爾
Arbidol阿比朵爾，一種抗病毒藥物，由前蘇聯藥物化學研究中心研製開發，主要適應症是A類、B類流感病毒引起的流行性感冒，同時對其他一些呼吸道病毒感染可能也有抗病毒活性。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Ac#clovir*" OR ctxt = "Activir*" OR ctxt ="ACV*" OR ctxt = "Acycloguanosin*" OR ctxt ="Zovirax*") OR claims = "Zovirax*" OR cl ="A61K31/522")
5. Atazanavir 阿扎那韋
Atazanavir阿扎那韋，是一種蛋白酶抑制劑（PI）類的抗逆轉錄病毒藥物，用於治療人類免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的感染。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="atazanavir*" OR ctxt = "Reyataz*" OR ctxt ="BMS_232632" OR ctxt = "Zrivada*" OR ctxt ="Latazanavir*") OR claims = "CGP_73547" OR cl ="A61K31/4418")
6. Baloxavir-marboxil 巴洛沙韋瑪波西酯
Baloxavir-marboxil巴洛沙韋瑪波西酯，由日本鹽野義(Shionogi)製藥株式會社首先研製,作用於流感病毒基因組轉錄所必需的聚合酶酸性蛋白的內切酶,對甲型和乙型流感病毒均有很強的抑制活性。
(cl = "A61K31/low"OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "Baloxavir_marboxi*" OR ctxt = "xofluza*" OR ctxt= "BXM" OR ctxt = "S_033188" OR ctxt ="S_033447") OR cl = "A61K31/5383")
7. Beta-D-N(4)-hydroxycytidine β-d-N 4-羥基胞苷
小分子抗病毒藥物β-d-N 4-羥基胞苷，主要作為藥學活性物質或藥物應用於預防和/或治療特別是由B型肝炎病毒(HBV)和人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的感染。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="hydroxycytidin*" OR ctxt = "EIDD_1931*") OR cl ="A61K31/7068")
8. Bortezomib 硼替佐米
Bortezomib硼替佐米，是一種蛋白酶體抑制劑，能夠特異性抑制哺乳動物細胞內26S蛋白酶體的類胰凝乳蛋白酶（chymotrypsin-like）活性，對細胞一系列信號轉導通路產生影響，最終誘導腫瘤細胞死亡。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "bortezomib*" OR ctxt = "Velcad*" OR ctxt ="bortezamid*" OR ctxt = "radiciol*" OR ctxt ="PS_341") OR claims=(NSC_681239) OR claims=(LDP_341) OR cl ="A61K31/69")
9. Camostat mesylate 甲磺酸卡莫司他
Camostat mesylate甲磺酸卡莫司他，是一種口服給藥的非肽蛋白分解酶抑制劑，可有效抑制胰蛋白酶、血漿激肽釋放酶、纖溶酶、凝血酶、C1r 和C1 酯酶等的活性。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid"OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "camostat*" OR ctxt ="foipan*" OR ctxt = "FOY_305") OR cl ="A61K31/245")
10. Carfilzomib
一種蛋白酶抑制劑。用於復發難治性多發性骨髓瘤治療，Onyx Pharmaceuticals產品。已於2012年7月獲美國FDA批准。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="carfilzomib*" OR ctxt = "Kyprolis*" OR ctxt ="PR_171") OR cl = "A61K38/07")
11. Carmofur 卡莫氟
Carmofur卡莫氟，一種口服抗腫瘤藥，屬嘧啶類抗代謝藥，系氟尿嘧啶潛型衍生物，口服後從腸道迅速吸收，在體內緩緩釋出氟尿嘧啶，借氟尿嘧啶的抗代謝作用而發揮抗腫瘤作用。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "carmofur*"OR ctxt = "hcfu*" OR ctxt = "hexylcarbamoyl_fluorouracil*"OR ctxt = "mifurol*" OR ctxt = "yamaful*") OR cl ="A61K31/513")
12. Chalcone 查耳酮
Chalcone查耳酮，是一類具有1,3-二苯基丙烯酮骨架的化合物，它廣泛地分布在甘草、紅花、鐮形棘豆、啤酒花等植物中，是一類重要的天然產物，也是有機合成的重要中間體。查耳酮類化合物的分子具有較大的柔性，能夠與多種受體結合，因此具有廣泛的藥理活性。作為植物體內黃酮合成的前體，查耳酮本身也具有多種生物活性，如抗腫瘤、抗瘧疾、抗真菌、抗氧化、抗炎、抗潰瘍。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "chal#on*"OR ctxt = "benzalacetophenon*" OR ctxt = "Cinnamophenon*"OR ctxt = "benzylidenecetophenon*" OR ctxt ="beta_benzoylstyren*" OR ctxt = "beta_phenylacrylophenon*") OR (claims = "Phenyl_2_phenylvinyl" OR claims = "Phenyl_styryl") OR cl = "A61K31/122")
13. Chloroquine 氯喹
Chloroquine氯喹，從1944年開始應用於臨床；最初用來治療瘧疾，以後用途逐漸擴大。1951年，用於治療氯喹類風溼關節炎。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Chlor?##in*" OR ctxt = "Aralen" OR ctxt ="Chemochin*" OR ctxt = "Cloro##in*") OR cl ="A61K31/4706")
14. Cinanserin 辛那色林
Cinanserin辛那色林，是一種特性良好的5-羥色胺拮抗劑，能夠緊密結合到蛋白酶的活性口袋中，初步臨床試驗並證明其可能對SARS病毒感染有抑制作用。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND (ctxt ="cinanserin*" OR cl = "A61K31/167")
15. Cyclodextrin/sterols 環糊精和固醇
研究表明，許多天然來源的物質，例如環糊精和固醇，可以通過幹擾脂質依賴性附著到人宿主細胞上，從而降低包括冠狀病毒家族在內的許多類型病毒的感染力。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "cyclodextrin*" OR ctxt = "celdex*" OR ctxt ="cycloamylose*") OR cl = "A61K31/724")
16. Cyclosporin A 環孢菌素A
CyclosporinA 是一種免疫抑制劑，數十年來，已被用於預防器官排斥並治療與T細胞相關的自身免疫性疾病，例如類風溼性關節炎，系統性紅斑狼瘡或間質性肺疾病。環孢菌素A可以阻止病毒的核衣殼蛋白與人的環孢親和素A相互結合，已有研究表明聯用幹擾素和環孢菌素A能顯著抑制冠狀病毒在人類支氣管和肺部複製及造成的組織損傷
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "cyclosporin*" OR ctxt = "abrammun*" OR ctxt ="Arpimun*" OR ctxt = "cicloral*" OR ctxt ="ciclosporin*" OR ctxt = "sandimmun*") OR ((claims ="Neoplanta*" OR claims = "Imusporin*" OR claims = "Neoral*")OR cl = "A61K38/13"))
17. Darunavir 達蘆那韋
Darunavir達蘆那韋，一種人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV) 蛋白酶抑制劑。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Darunavir*" OR ctxt = "Prezista*" OR ctxt ="TMC_114" OR ctxt = "TMC_41629" OR ctxt ="UIC_94017") OR cl = "A61K31/635")
18. Dasatinib
Dasatinib是一種新型有效的多靶點抑制劑， Dasatinib 可誘導自噬和凋亡並具有抗腫瘤的活性。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="dasatinib*" OR ctxt = "Sprycel*" OR ctxt ="Spryercel*" OR ctxt = "BMS_354825") OR claims ="BMS_35482513" OR cl = "A61K31/506")
19. Deoxyrhapontin 脫氧土大黃苷
Deoxyrhapontin脫氧土大黃苷，中科院藥物所和上科大的研究發現含有「二苯乙烯」結構的脫氧土大黃苷可能對病毒有抑制作用。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "de?oxyrhaponti*" OR ctxt = "MLS_002207168" ORctxt = "CHEMBL_1863546" OR ctxt = "DTXSID_90422030") OR cl= "A61K31/7034")
20. Didanosine 去羥肌苷
Didanosine去羥肌苷，為抗病毒藥，臨床上主要與其他抗病毒藥物聯合治療Ⅰ型HIV感染。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Didanosin*" OR ctxt = "Dideoxyinosin*" OR ctxt ="Dideoxyinosin*" OR ctxt = "DRG_0016" OR ctxt ="Videx*" OR claims = "BMY_40900") OR cl ="A61K31/708")
21. Disulfiram 雙硫侖
Disulfiram雙硫侖，雙硫侖是一種戒酒藥物。雙硫侖（Disulfiram）在細胞培養檢測中能夠抑制MERS和SARS的木瓜蛋白酶樣蛋白酶，然而目前缺乏臨床證據，屬於可能有效的成熟藥物
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="disulfiram*" OR ctxt = "Antabuse*" OR ctxt ="bis_diethylamino_thioxomethyl_disul#?ide" OR ctxt = "ethyl_thiram"OR ctxt = "tetraethylthiram_disul#?ide") OR cl ="A61K31/145")
22. Ebselen 依布硒
研究表明，Ebselen依布硒對新型冠狀肺炎COVID-19病毒的關鍵藥物靶點Main protease (M pro)蛋白酶具有很強的抑制作用。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "ebselen*"OR ctxt = "PZ_51" OR ctxt = "DR_3305" OR ctxt ="SPI_1005") OR claims = "NSC_639762" OR cl ="A61K31/41")
23. Elvitegravir
Elvitegravir是一種人免疫缺陷病毒整合酶抑制劑。屬於Gilead科技公司生產的治療HIV的重要的4種藥物之一，在難治性HIV患者中被證實和Isentress（一種藥品名）的療效和耐受。
(cl = "A61K31/low" OR cl ="A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "elvitegravir*" OR ctxt = "GS_9137" OR ctxt ="JTK_303" OR ctxt = "Vitekta*" OR ctxt = "EVG*")OR cl = "A61K31/47")
24. Enzaplatovir 恩扎託韋
Enzaplatovir恩扎託韋，融合蛋白抑制劑，抗呼吸道合胞病毒。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="enzaplatovir*" OR ctxt = "bta_585") OR cl ="A61K31/4985")
25. Favipiravir 法匹拉韋
Favipiravir法匹拉韋，主要用於治療成人新型或再次流行的流感。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "favipiravir*" OR ctxt = "avigan*") OR cl ="A61K31/4965")
26. Fosamprenavir 福沙那韋
Fosamprenavir福沙那韋，是抗逆轉錄病毒蛋白酶抑制劑 Amprenavir 的磷酸酯前藥，具有改善的溶解性。具有抗HIV 感染作用。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "fosamprenavir*" OR ctxt = "FOS_APV" OR ctxt ="Lexiva*" OR ctxt = "GW_433908?" OR ctxt ="Telzir*") OR claims = "VX_175" OR cl ="A61K31/665")
27. Galidesivir
Galidesivir，一種腺苷類似物和直接作用的抗病毒藥物，能破壞病毒RNA依賴的RNA聚合酶(RdRp)活性，最初開發用於治療C肝病毒的腺嘌呤類似物。Galidesivir在體外對多種 RNA 病毒病原體具有活性，包括絲狀病毒和新興的感染因子，如MERS-CoV、SARS-CoV和 SARS-CoV-2。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Galidesivir*" OR ctxt = "BCX_4430" OR ctxt ="Immucillin_A" OR ctxt = "Immucilline_A") OR cl ="A61K31/519")
28. Ganciclovir 更昔洛韋
更昔洛韋（丙氧鳥苷），為抗DNA病毒藥物，可在病毒胸苷激酶和細胞激酶作用下轉化為活化的三磷酸型。它是兒童嚴重巨細胞病毒（CMV）感染的一線用藥。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Ganciclovir*" OR ctxt = "Cytovene*" OR ctxt ="Vitrasert*" OR ctxt = "Zirgan*" OR ctxt ="Natclovir*") OR claims = "Cymevene*" OR cl ="A61K31/522")
29. Hydroxychloroquine 羥氯喹
Hydroxychloroquine羥氯喹，是一種抗瘧藥。屬於老藥新用。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Hydroxy_chloroquin*" OR ctxt = "Oxichlorochin*" OR ctxt ="Plaquenil*" OR ctxt = "WIN_1258" OR ctxt ="Z0188") OR cl = "A61K31/4706")
30. IDX-184
IDX-184是一種抗病毒藥物，開發用作RNA聚合酶抑制劑來治療C型肝炎。儘管它在早期臨床實驗中顯示出一定效果，但並未通過IIb期試驗。然而，該藥物的研究仍在繼續，並對一些新病毒（如茲卡病毒、MERS和SARS-CoV-2等冠狀病毒）顯示出一定的藥物活性。
(cl = "A61K31/low"OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND (ctxt = "IDX_184" OR cl = "A61K31/708")
31. Imatinib
Imatinib(STI571) 是一種口服生物可用的酪氨酸激酶抑制劑，可選擇性抑制BCR/ABL，v-Abl，PDGFR，c-kit激酶活性。Imatinib還抑制SARS-CoV 和MERS-CoV。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "imatinib*"OR ctxt = "gleevec*" OR ctxt = "glivec*" OR ctxt ="genfatinib*" OR ctxt = "ST_1571") OR claims = "CGP_57148"OR cl = "A61K31/506")
32. Indinavir 英地那韋
Indinavir英地那韋，一種用於抗逆轉錄病毒治療（ART）的藥物。它也被稱為Crixivan。它由Merck＆Co.製造。Indinavir於1996年被批准用於HIV感染者的抗逆轉錄病毒藥物（ARV）。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Indinavir*" OR ctxt = "Crixivan*" OR ctxt ="L_735_524" OR ctxt = "MK_639") OR cl ="A61K31/496")
33. Ledipasvir 雷迪帕韋
Ledipasvir雷迪帕韋，是吉利德研發的治療C型肝炎的藥物。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="ledipasvir" OR ctxt = "GS_5885" OR ctxt ="WHO_9796") OR cl = "A61K31/4184")
34. Maribavir
Maribavir屬於名為苯並咪唑核苷的一類藥物，該藥是一種口服可生物利用的抗病毒療法，目前正處於III期臨床開發，用於治療巨細胞病毒（CMV）感染或疾病。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*"OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt ="cov") AND ((ctxt = "maribavir*" OR ctxt ="1263_W_94" OR ctxt = "BW_1263W94" OR ctxt ="GW_257406_X") OR cl = "A61K31/7056")
35. Mefloquinehydrochloride (Lariam) 鹽酸甲氟喹
Mefloquinehydrochloride鹽酸甲氟喹，用作抗瘧疾藥物。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="mefloquin*" OR ctxt = "lariam*" OR ctxt = "mephaquin*"OR ctxt = "RO_21_5998" OR ctxt = "WR_142_490") OR cl ="A61K31/4709")
36. Montelukast 孟魯司特
Montelukast孟魯司特，一種口服的白三烯受體拮抗劑，能特異性抑制氣道中的半胱氨醯白三烯(CysLT1)受體，從而達到改善氣道炎症，有效控制哮喘症狀，可能抑制SARS-COV-2。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "montelukast*" OR ctxt = "aerokast*" OR ctxt ="singulair*") OR cl = "A61K31/47")
37. Nelfinavir 奈非那韋
Nelfinavir奈非那韋，一種蛋白酶抑制劑，通過抑制多聚蛋白gag－pol的裂解，從而產生無感染性的病毒，用於獲得性免疫缺陷症候群(愛滋病)與HIV-1感染患者
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Nelfinavir*" OR ctxt = "Viracept*" OR ctxt ="AG_1343") OR cl = "A61K31/472")
38. Niclosamide 氯硝柳胺
Niclosamide氯硝柳胺，用來驅除寄生蟲的藥物。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "niclosamid*"OR ctxt = "fenasal*" OR ctxt = "phenasal*" OR ctxt ="niclocid*") OR cl = "A61K31/609")
39. Nitazoxanide 硝唑尼特
Nitazoxanide硝唑尼特，具有抗原蟲、抗腸道寄生蟲、抗菌、抗病毒等藥效，應用領域也較其它藥物廣泛。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "nitazoxanid*" OR ctxt = "alinia*" OR ctxt ="nizonid*") OR cl = "A61K31/426")
40. Oseltamivir 奧司他韋
Oseltamivir奧司他韋，一種抗病毒藥，可以通過阻止病毒與其宿主細胞發生化學切斷來減慢流感病毒在人體內細胞之間的傳播。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Oseltamivir*" OR ctxt = "G_4104" OR ctxt = "RO_640796" OR ctxt = "Tamiflu*" OR ctxt = "Tamvir*") OR cl ="A61K31/215")
41. Peramivir 帕拉米韋
Peramivir帕拉米韋是一種治療H7N9的藥物。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Peramivir*" OR ctxt = "BCX_1812" OR ctxt ="Rapiacta*" OR ctxt = "RWJ_270201" OR ctxt ="Rapivab*") OR cl = "A61K31/196")
42. Photofrin
Photofrin，是最早正式上市的光動力治療藥物，應用於惡性腫瘤治療。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="photofrin*" OR ctxt = "BHPD*" OR ctxt = "HPD*"OR ctxt = "polyhematoporphyrin*" OR ctxt = "porfimer*") OR (claims = "WR_246310" OR claims = "CL_184116" OR claims ="L_184_116") OR cl = "A61K31/409")
43. Polydatin 虎杖苷
Polydatin虎杖苷是植物虎杖的提取物，可用於鎮咳、調血脂、降低膽固醇、抗休克。據研究發現，具有抑制新冠病毒的攻效。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "polydatin*" OR ctxt = "pi?ceid*" OR ctxt ="resveratrol*") OR cl = "A61K31/7034")
44. Presatovir 普沙託韋
Presatovir普沙託韋，一種抗病毒藥，被開發用於治療呼吸道合胞病毒感染。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid"OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "presatovir*" OR ctxt ="gs_5806") OR cl = "A61K31/519")
45. PX-12
PX-12是一種有效的thioredoxin-1(Trx-1)抑制劑，作用於Trx-1 上 Cys73 的不可逆硫代烷基化。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "px_12" ORctxt = "iv_2") OR cl = "A61K31/4164")
46. Raltegravir 拉替拉韋
Raltegravir拉替拉韋，是一種抗逆轉錄病毒藥物，與其他藥物一起用於治療HIV/AIDS。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "raltegravir*" OR ctxt = "Isentress*" OR ctxt ="MK_0518") OR cl = "A61K31/513")
47. Remdesivir 瑞德西韋
Remdesivir瑞德西韋是吉利德科學公司在研藥品。Remdesivir是一種核苷類似物，具有抗病毒活性，對SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV具有抑制作用。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Remdesivir*" OR ctxt = "GS_5374") OR cl ="A61K31/706")
48. Ribavirin 利巴韋林
Ribavirin利巴韋林，一種抗非逆轉錄病毒藥。
(cl = "A61K31/low"OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "ribavirin*" OR ctxt = "tribavirin*" OR ctxt ="copegus" OR ctxt = "virazol*") OR cl ="A61K31/7056")
49. Ritonavir and Lopinavir 利託那韋和洛匹那韋
Ritonavirand Lopinavir利託那韋和洛匹那韋一個複方製劑，其中的「洛匹那韋」（lopinavir）和「利託那韋」（ritonavir）分別是兩個藥。洛匹那韋是一種蛋白酶抑制劑，可與HIV蛋白酶催化部位結合，幹擾病毒的裝配過程，因此作為抗病毒藥使用。利託那韋也是一個HIV蛋白酶抑制劑，但是低劑量的利託那韋還可以通過抑制肝臟代謝，從而提高洛匹那韋的血藥濃度。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Ritonavir*" OR ctxt = "ABT_538" OR ctxt ="Norvir*" OR ctxt = "Lopinavir*" OR ctxt ="Kaletra*") OR (cl = "A61K31/427" OR cl ="A61K31/513"))
50. Saquinavir 沙奎那韋
Saquinavir沙奎那韋，為蛋白酶抑制劑，臨床上主要用於與其他抗逆轉錄病毒藥物聯用，治療Ⅰ型人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Saquinavir*" OR ctxt = "Sequinavir*" OR ctxt ="Inviras*" OR ctxt = "Fortovas*" OR ctxt ="Sch_52852") OR claims = "Ro_31_8959" OR cl ="A61K31/4725")
51. Selamectin 塞拉菌素
Selamectin塞拉菌素，抗寄生蟲藥。用於治療犬、貓的蛔蟲、鉤蟲、疥蟎、蚤和蝨的感染。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="selamectin*" OR ctxt = "revolution*" OR ctxt ="stronghold*" OR ctxt = "uk_124114") OR cl ="A61K31/7048")
52. Shikonin 紫草素
紫草素，系由天然植物宗阜根中所提取的紫紅色茶醌類天然色素，主要成分是紫草醌及其銜生物。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "shikonin*"OR ctxt = "Alkannin*" OR ctxt = "Shikalkin*" OR ctxt = "NSC_291845"OR ctxt = "Arnebin_4") OR cl = "A61K31/122")
53. Sofosbuvir 索非布韋
Sofosbuvir索非布韋，是吉利德公司開發用於治療慢性C肝的新藥。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "Sofosbuvir*"OR ctxt = "Hepcinat*" OR ctxt = "soforal*" OR ctxt ="GS?_7977" OR ctxt = "Sovaldi*") OR (claims ="Hepcvir*" OR claims = "PSI_7977" OR claims ="Resof*" OR claims = "Sovihep*") OR cl = "A61K31/7072")
54. TDZ-8
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "TDZ_8" ORctxt = "TDZD_8" OR ctxt = "NP_01139") OR cl = "A61K31/433")
55. Tenofovir 替諾福韋
Tenofovir替諾福韋，一種新型核苷酸類逆轉錄酶抑制劑。可有效對抗多種病毒，用於治療病毒感染性疾病。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Tenofovir*" OR ctxt = "Propovir*" OR ctxt = "GS_1275"OR ctxt = "GS_1278" OR ctxt = "Viread*") OR cl = "A61K31/675")
56. Thiabendazole 噻苯唑
(cl = "A61K31/low" OR cl ="A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "thi?benzol" OR ctxt = "Thiabenda*" OR ctxt ="minte#ol*" OR ctxt = "tiabenda*") OR cl ="A61K31/4184")
57. Tideglusib
Tideglusib，是一種不可逆的，非ATP競爭性的GSK-3β抑制劑，阿爾茨海默病臨床藥物。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "tideglusib*"OR ctxt = "np_031112" OR ctxt = "nypta*" OR ctxt ="zentylor*" OR ctxt = "np_12") OR cl ="A61K31/433")
58. Tilorone 替洛隆
Tilorone替洛隆，臨床上為一種廣譜抗病毒藥物，對多種動物腫瘤有明顯抑制作用。也是一個低分子幹擾素誘導劑。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "tilorone*"OR ctxt = "bis_deae_fluorenone*" OR ctxt = "deae_f") OR cl= "A61K31/138")
59. Tipranavir 替拉那韋
Tipranavir替拉那韋，一種非肽HIV蛋白酶抑制劑（NPPI），具有抗病毒作用。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "tipranavir*" OR ctxt = "Aptivus*" OR ctxt ="PNU_140690" OR ctxt = "TPV*" OR ctxt ="U_140690") OR cl = "A61K31/4433")
60. Velpatasvir
Velpatasvir，吉利德的C肝治療藥物。Velpatasvir和索非布韋（sofosbuvir）組成固定複方組合，是吉利德抗C肝領域的重要藥物。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="velpatasvir*" OR ctxt = "GS_5816" OR ctxt ="Epclusa*" OR ctxt = "Sofosvel*" OR ctxt ="Velpanat*") OR cl = "A61K31/4188")
61. Zanamivir 扎那米韋
Zanamivir扎那米韋，用於治療A型和B型流感。
(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "Zanamivir*"OR ctxt = "Gana*" OR ctxt = "GG_167" OR ctxt ="GR_121167X" OR ctxt = "Relenza*") OR cl ="A61K31/7012")
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原標題：《對抗冠狀病毒相關技術的專利檢索（第3輯 候選抗病毒藥物）》
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