通過分生組織從頭誘導可實現植物基因編輯
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2019/12/18 13:24:40
美國明尼蘇達大學Daniel F. Voytas課題組近日取得一項新成果。他們開發出通過出分生組織從頭誘導的植物基因編輯技術。2019年12月16日,國際知名學術期刊《自然—生物技術》在線發表了這一成果。
研究人員報告了兩種通過從頭分生組織誘導產生基因編輯的雙子葉植物的方法。發育調節因子和基因編輯試劑被輸送到整個植物的體細胞中。這會誘導分生組織產生具有目標DNA修飾的芽,並將基因編輯傳遞給下一代。從頭誘導基因編輯的分生組織迴避了組織培養的需要,並有望克服植物基因編輯的瓶頸。
據了解,植物基因編輯通常是通過向培養物中的外植體遞送諸如Cas9和單向導RNA的試劑來進行。 然後通過暴露於各種激素來誘導編輯後的細胞分化為完整植物。通過組織培養創造經過編輯的植物通常效率低下、費時,僅適用於有限的物種和基因型,並且會導致基因組和表觀基因組發生意外變化。
附:英文原文
Title: Plant gene editing through de novo induction of meristems
Author: Michael F. Maher, Ryan A. Nasti, Macy Vollbrecht, Colby G. Starker, Matthew D. Clark, Daniel F. Voytas
Issue&Volume: 2019-12-16
Abstract: Plant gene editing is typically performed by delivering reagents such as Cas9 and single guide RNAs to explants in culture. Edited cells are then induced to differentiate into whole plants by exposure to various hormones. The creation of edited plants through tissue culture is often inefficient, time-consuming, works for only limited species and genotypes, and causes unintended changes to the genome and epigenome. Here we report two methods to generate gene-edited dicotyledonous plants through de novo meristem induction. Developmental regulators and gene-editing reagents are delivered to somatic cells of whole plants. This induces meristems that produce shoots with targeted DNA modifications, and gene edits are transmitted to the next generation. The de novo induction of gene-edited meristems sidesteps the need for tissue culture and promises to overcome a bottleneck in plant gene editing.
DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0337-2
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-019-0337-2