不同的間充質細胞群體產生關鍵的腸道BMP信號梯度
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/2/21 14:42:39
美國丹娜-法伯癌症研究院Ramesh A. Shivdasani研究團隊發現,不同的間充質細胞群體產生關鍵的腸道BMP信號梯度。相關論文於2020年2月20日在線發表在《細胞—幹細胞》雜誌上。
研究人員表示,腸道幹細胞(ISC)局限於隱窩底部,它們的後代在隱窩-絨毛連接處附近分化。Wnt和骨形態發生蛋白(BMP)梯度驅動這種極性,而結直腸癌從根本上反映了這種穩態信號的破壞。然而,組織這種BMP梯度的關鍵激動和拮抗因子的上皮內來源仍然不清楚。
研究人員將全標本高解析度顯微鏡與整體和單細胞RNA測序(RNA-seq)結合起來,以鑑定三種不同的PDGFRA+間充質細胞類型。PDGFRA高表達端粒細胞在絨毛基部特別豐富,並提供BMP貯藏庫,研究人員鑑定出CD81+PDGFRA低表達群體正好位於隱窩下方,分泌BMP拮抗因子Gremlin1。這些細胞被稱為營養細胞,足以在沒有其他營養支持的情況下在體外擴增ISC,並有助於體內的ISC維持。
這項研究揭示了精細的解剖、分子和功能細節的腸間質結構,以及組織自我更新必需信號梯度的細胞基礎。
附:英文原文
Title: Distinct Mesenchymal Cell Populations Generate the Essential Intestinal BMP Signaling Gradient
Author: Neil McCarthy, Elisa Manieri, Elaine E. Storm, Assieh Saadatpour, Adrienne M. Luoma, Varun N. Kapoor, Shariq Madha, Liam T. Gaynor, Christian Cox, Shilpa Keerthivasan, Kai Wucherpfennig, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Frederic J. de Sauvage, Shannon J. Turley, Ramesh A. Shivdasani
Issue&Volume: 2020-02-20
Abstract: Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are confined to crypt bottoms and their progeny differentiatenear crypt-villus junctions. Wnt and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) gradients drivethis polarity, and colorectal cancer fundamentally reflects disruption of this homeostaticsignaling. However, sub-epithelial sources of crucial agonists and antagonists thatorganize this BMP gradient remain obscure. Here, we couple whole-mount high-resolutionmicroscopy with ensemble and single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify threedistinct PDGFRA+ mesenchymal cell types. PDGFRA(hi) telocytes are especially abundant at the villusbase and provide a BMP reservoir, and we identified a CD81+ PDGFRA(lo) population present just below crypts that secretes the BMP antagonistGremlin1. These cells, referred to as trophocytes, are sufficient to expand ISCs in vitro without additional trophic support and contribute to ISC maintenance in vivo. This study reveals intestinal mesenchymal structure at fine anatomic, molecular,and functional detail and the cellular basis for a signaling gradient necessary fortissue self-renewal.
DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.01.008
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(20)30008-4