結構細胞是器官特異性免疫反應的關鍵調節因子
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/7/4 17:25:24
奧地利科學院Christoph Bock研究組的最新工作表明,結構細胞是器官特異性免疫反應的關鍵調節因子。相關論文於2020年7月1日在線發表在《自然》雜誌上。
為了增進對造血系統以外的免疫學的了解,研究人員系統地研究了三種主要結構細胞類型:上皮、內皮和成纖維細胞中免疫基因的調控。研究人員使用細胞表型、轉錄組測序、染色質可及性分析和表觀基因組測序來表徵小鼠十二個器官中的這些細胞類型。這個全面的數據集揭示了結構細胞中複雜的免疫基因活性和調控。觀察到的模式是高度器官特異性的,並且似乎調節結構細胞和造血免疫細胞之間的廣泛相互作用。
此外,研究人員確定了組織穩態下結構細胞中表觀遺傳編碼的免疫潛能,其在響應全身性病毒感染時觸發。這項研究強調了非造血結構細胞中免疫基因活性的普遍性和器官特異性複雜度,它提供了調控小鼠結構細胞的表觀遺傳和轉錄網絡的高解析度多組學圖譜。
據了解,哺乳動物的免疫系統具有一套非常高效的抵抗病原體機制。其主要組成是造血免疫細胞,包括控制先天免疫的髓樣細胞和構成適應性免疫的淋巴樣細胞。然而,免疫功能並非造血細胞所獨有,許多其他細胞類型也顯示出病原體防禦的基本機制。
附:英文原文
Title: Structural cells are key regulators of organ-specific immune responses
Author: Thomas Krausgruber, Nikolaus Fortelny, Victoria Fife-Gernedl, Martin Senekowitsch, Linda C. Schuster, Alexander Lercher, Amelie Nemc, Christian Schmidl, Andr F. Rendeiro, Andreas Bergthaler, Christoph Bock
Issue&Volume: 2020-07-01
Abstract: The mammalian immune system implements a remarkably effective set of mechanisms for fighting pathogens1. Its main components are haematopoietic immune cells, including myeloid cells that control innate immunity, and lymphoid cells that constitute adaptive immunity2. However, immune functions are not unique to haematopoietic cells, and many other cell types display basic mechanisms of pathogen defence3,4,5. To advance our understanding of immunology outside the haematopoietic system, here we systematically investigate the regulation of immune genes in the three major types of structural cells: epithelium, endothelium and fibroblasts. We characterize these cell types across twelve organs in mice, using cellular phenotyping, transcriptome sequencing, chromatin accessibility profiling and epigenome mapping. This comprehensive dataset revealed complex immune gene activity and regulation in structural cells. The observed patterns were highly organ-specific and seem to modulate the extensive interactions between structural cells and haematopoietic immune cells. Moreover, we identified an epigenetically encoded immune potential in structural cells under tissue homeostasis, which was triggered in response to systemic viral infection. This study highlights the prevalence and organ-specific complexity of immune gene activity in non-haematopoietic structural cells, and it provides a high-resolution, multi-omics atlas of the epigenetic and transcriptional networks that regulate structural cells in the mouse.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2424-4
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2424-4