膜近端F-肌動蛋白限制局部膜突出並指導細胞遷移
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/6/14 23:15:33
美國史丹福大學醫學院的Tobias Meyer、Anjali Bisaria等研究人員合作發現,膜近端F-肌動蛋白限制局部膜突出並指導細胞遷移。該研究於2020年6月12日發表在國際學術期刊《科學》上。
研究人員開發了一種螢光報告基因,用於監測膜突出和細胞遷移過程中近膜F-肌動蛋白(MPA)的密度變化。與總F-肌動蛋白濃度在遷移細胞的前部高不同,MPA密度在前部低而在後部高。從後到前的MPA密度梯度是由較高的絲切蛋白介導的前部F-肌動蛋白變更。
此外,新生的膜凸出從MPA密度降低的區域選擇性地向外延伸。因此,局部低MPA密度會引導局部膜突出並在細胞遷移過程中穩定細胞極化。
據介紹,細胞遷移是通過前部F-肌動蛋白的定向聚合作用而由局部膜突出驅動的。但是,質膜旁邊的F-肌動蛋白也會束縛該膜,從而抵抗向外的突起。
附:英文原文
Title: Membrane-proximal F-actin restricts local membrane protrusions and directs cell migration
Author: Anjali Bisaria, Arnold Hayer, Damien Garbett, Daniel Cohen, Tobias Meyer
Issue&Volume: 2020/06/12
Abstract: Cell migration is driven by local membrane protrusion through directed polymerization of F-actin at the front. However, F-actin next to the plasma membrane also tethers the membrane and thus resists outgoing protrusions. Here, we developed a fluorescent reporter to monitor changes in the density of membrane-proximal F-actin (MPA) during membrane protrusion and cell migration. Unlike the total F-actin concentration, which was high in the front of migrating cells, MPA density was low in the front and high in the back. Back-to-front MPA density gradients were controlled by higher cofilin-mediated turnover of F-actin in the front. Furthermore, nascent membrane protrusions selectively extended outward from areas where MPA density was reduced. Thus, locally low MPA density directs local membrane protrusions and stabilizes cell polarization during cell migration.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aay7794
Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6496/1205
Science:《科學》,創刊於1880年。隸屬於美國科學促進會,最新IF:41.037