他汀類藥物或可用於治療腸道菌群失調
作者：
小柯機器人發布時間：2020/5/10 21:40:18
比利時魯汶大學Jeroen Raes、法國索邦大學Karine Clément等研究人員合作發現，他汀類藥物或可用於治療腸道菌群失調。相關論文於2020年5月6日在線發表於國際學術期刊《自然》。
據研究人員介紹，微生物組分類研究最近確定了擬桿菌2（Bact2）腸型，這是一種與系統性炎症相關的腸道菌群結構，在人的稀便中有很高的患病率。Bact2的特徵是高比例的擬桿菌、低比例的費氏桿菌和低微生物細胞密度，其患病率從一般人群中的13％到炎症性腸病患者中的78％不等。據報導，在肥胖和代謝合併症的發展過程中，糞便稠度和炎症狀態的變化使研究人員提出，這些發展可能與不良微生物Bact2腸型存在相關性。
通過隊列（n=888）定量糞便代謝組中的肥胖相關微生物群改變，研究人員將他汀類藥物確定為微生物組多樣化的關鍵協變量。通過關注未接受他汀類藥物治療的人群，研究人員發現Bact2的患病率與體重指數相關，從瘦或超重參與者的3.90％增加到肥胖參與者的17.73％。Bact2型個體的系統性炎症水平高於根據其肥胖狀況預測的水平，這表明Bact2是不良微生物群。
研究人員還觀察到，與肥胖相關的微生物群失調與他汀類藥物治療呈負相關，從而導致他汀類藥物治療的肥胖參與者的Bact2患病率較低，為5.88％。MetaCardis心血管疾病數據集（n=282）和獨立的Flemish腸道菌群項目人群（n=2345）均證實了這一發現。在這種情況下，他汀類藥物的潛在益處將需要在一項前瞻性臨床試驗中進行進一步評估，以確定這種作用是否可在隨機人群中重現，以及是否可將其用作微生物群調節治療劑。
附：英文原文
Title: Statin therapy is associated with lower prevalence of gut microbiota dysbiosis
Author: Sara Vieira-Silva, Gwen Falony, Eugeni Belda, Trine Nielsen, Judith Aron-Wisnewsky, Rima Chakaroun, Sofia K. Forslund, Karen Assmann, Mireia Valles-Colomer, Thi Thuy Duyen Nguyen, Sebastian Proost, Edi Prifti, Valentina Tremaroli, Nicolas Pons, Emmanuelle Le Chatelier, Fabrizio Andreelli, Jean-Phillippe Bastard, Luis Pedro Coelho, Nathalie Galleron, Tue H. Hansen, Jean-Sbastien Hulot, Christian Lewinter, Helle K. Pedersen, Benoit Quinquis, Christine Rouault, Hugo Roume, Joe-Elie Salem, Nadja B. Sndertoft, Sothea Touch, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Stanislav Dusko Ehrlich, Pilar Galan, Jens P. Gtze, Torben Hansen, Jens J. Holst, Lars Kber, Ivica Letunic, Jens Nielsen, Jean-Michel Oppert, Michael Stumvoll, Henrik Vestergaard, Jean-Daniel Zucker, Peer Bork, Oluf Pedersen, Fredrik Bckhed, Karine Clment, Jeroen Raes
Issue&Volume: 2020-05-06
Abstract: Microbiome community typing analyses have recently identified the Bacteroides2 (Bact2) enterotype, an intestinal microbiota configuration that is associated with systemic inflammation and has a high prevalence in loose stools in humans1,2. Bact2 is characterized by a high proportion of Bacteroides, a low proportion of Faecalibacterium and low microbial cell densities1,2, and its prevalence varies from 13% in a general population cohort to as high as 78% in patients with inflammatory bowel disease2. Reported changes in stool consistency3 and inflammation status4 during the progression towards obesity and metabolic comorbidities led us to propose that these developments might similarly correlate with an increased prevalence of the potentially dysbiotic Bact2 enterotype. Here, by exploring obesity-associated microbiota alterations in the quantitative faecal metagenomes of the cross-sectional MetaCardis Body Mass Index Spectrum cohort (n = 888), we identify statin therapy as a key covariate of microbiome diversification. By focusing on a subcohort of participants that are not medicated with statins, we find that the prevalence of Bact2 correlates with body mass index, increasing from 3.90% in lean or overweight participants to 17.73% in obese participants. Systemic inflammation levels in Bact2-enterotyped individuals are higher than predicted on the basis of their obesity status, indicative of Bact2 as a dysbiotic microbiome constellation. We also observe that obesity-associated microbiota dysbiosis is negatively associated with statin treatment, resulting in a lower Bact2 prevalence of 5.88% in statin-medicated obese participants. This finding is validated in both the accompanying MetaCardis cardiovascular disease dataset (n = 282) and the independent Gut Flora Project population cohort (n = 2,345). The potential benefits of statins in this context will require further evaluation in a prospective clinical trial to ascertain whether the effect is reproducible in a randomized population and before considering their application as microbiota-modulating therapeutics.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2269-x
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2269-x