氮氧化物和氫自由基的級聯反應在可激活光敏劑抗缺氧光動力治療中的應用
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2021/1/13 15:50:23
中國科學院化學研究所王樹團隊報導了氮氧化物和氫自由基的級聯反應在可激活光敏劑抗缺氧光動力治療中的應用。 相關研究成果於2021年1月8日發表在《美國化學會志》。
以細胞器為靶點的可激活光敏劑對提高光動力療法(PDT)的特異性和可控性很有吸引力,但由於光毒性物質(主要是活性氧物質)的多樣性有限,它們在常氧和缺氧條件下的光活性都存在很大的問題。
該文中,研究人員通過用N-亞硝胺取代基有效地光老化π-共軛供體-受體(D–A)結構,建立了單分子穀胱甘肽和光共激活光敏劑,通過Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型(雙型)反應以及二次自由基參與反應靶向線粒體,實現了高效的PDT效應。特別有趣的是,通過電子自旋共振技術檢測到了氫自由基(H)。文章討論了質子還原生成氫自由基的途徑及其在Ⅰ型反應中的作用。
研究人員證明了多個反應物種的協同效應起源於串聯級聯反應,包括O2被H還原形成O2–/HO2和O2與NO的下遊反應生成ONOO–。這種新型光敏劑具有在近紅外光激發(800nm處為166±22GM)較大的雙光子吸收截面和螢光性質,在常氧和低氧環境下具有廣泛的生物醫學應用前景,特別是在低光劑量PDT中。
附:英文原文
Title: Cascade Reactions by Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Radical for Anti-Hypoxia Photodynamic Therapy Using an Activatable Photosensitizer
Author: Jian Sun, Xuetong Cai, Chengjun Wang, Ke Du, Weijian Chen, Fude Feng, Shu Wang
Issue&Volume: January 8, 2021
Abstract: Organelle-targeted activatable photosensitizers are attractive to improve the specificity and controllability of photodynamic therapy (PDT), however, they suffer from a big problem in the photoactivity under both normoxia and hypoxia due to the limited diversity of phototoxic species (mainly reactive oxygen species). Herein, by effectively photocaging a π-conjugated donor–acceptor (D–A) structure with an N-nitrosamine substituent, we established a unimolecular glutathione and light coactivatable photosensitizer, which achieved its high performance PDT effect by targeting mitochondria through both type I and type II (dual type) reactions as well as secondary radicals-participating reactions. Of peculiar interest, hydrogen radical (H) was detected by electron spin resonance technique. The generation pathway of H via reduction of proton and its role in type I reaction were discussed. We demonstrated that the synergistic effect of multiple reactive species originated from tandem cascade reactions comprising reduction of O2 by H to form O2–/HO2 and downstream reaction of O2– with NO to yield ONOO–. With a relatively large two-photon absorption cross section for photoexcitation in the near-infrared region (166 ± 22 GM at 800 nm) and fluorogenic property, the new photosensitizing system is very promising for broad biomedical applications, particularly low-light dose PDT, in both normoxic and hypoxic environments.
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10517
Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.0c10517