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Gastrocnemius Recession (Endoscopic Approach)
腓腸肌松解術(內鏡方法)
Overview(概述)
This outpatient procedure is used in the correction of conditions such as flatfoot, chronic Achilles tendonitis, or equinus (commonly called toe walking). Gastrocnemius recession lengthens the muscles and tendons at the back of the leg, allowing the heel to shift downward into a more natural position. In many cases, this technique is performed as an alternative to Percutaneous Tendo-Achilles Lengthening, which can permanently weaken the Achilles tendon.
該門診手術用於治療諸如扁平足,慢性跟腱炎或馬蹄足(通常稱為踮腳走)等疾病。腓腸肌松解使腿後部的肌肉和肌腱延長,使腳跟下移到更自然的位置。在許多情況下,這種技術是經皮跟腱延長的替代方法,後者會使跟腱永久性變弱。
Preparation(準備)
In preparation for the procedure, anesthesia is administered and the patient is positioned. The surgeon makes a small incision in the skin at the back of the leg below the bulge of the calf muscle. The surgeon carefully guides a thin tube called a cannula through the back of the leg to create a working channel for the instruments.
準備手術時,對患者施行麻醉並擺妥體位。外科醫生在小腿肌肉隆起處下方的小腿後部的皮膚上做一個小切口。外科醫生通過小腿後部小心地引導稱為套管的細管來為器械創建工作通道。
Working Channel(工作通道)
The cannula is not a solid tube - a slot on the bottom of the cannula allows the surgeon to access the tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle. The surgeon inserts an endoscope into one side of the cannula to get a clear view of this tissue.
所用的套管不是封閉管--套管底部有槽允許外科醫生顯露腓腸肌的組織。外科醫生從套管的一側將內窺鏡插入以清楚地看到這個組織。
Releasing the Gastrocnemius(松解腓腸肌)
The surgeon uses a small cutting instrument to correct the gastrocnemius. The surgeon inserts this instrument into the open end of the cannula and carefully reaches through the slot in this tube. The surgeon carefully draws the cutting instrument along the outermost layer of the gastrocnemius, cutting through the fascia (a tight layer of connective tissue that encases the muscle fibers).
外科醫生使用小型切割器械來修整腓腸肌。外科醫生將該器械插入套管的開口端並小心地穿過該管中的窄槽。外科醫生小心地沿著腓腸肌的最外層抽拉切割器械,切開筋膜(包裹肌纖維的結締組織的緊密層)。
Testing the Foot(測試腳的活動)
Cutting the fascia allows the muscle to relax and lengthen, which will allow the foot to flex properly and the heel to drop down to the floor.
切開筋膜可以使肌肉放鬆和延長,這樣可以使腳正常彎曲並使腳跟落到地板上。
End of Procedure and Aftercare(手術結束和術後護理)
When the procedure is complete, the incisions are closed and bandaged. The patient may be placed in a postoperative shoe, walking boot or splint depending on the patient's need and whether any additional procedures were performed during the surgery. The leg will heal within six to eight weeks. Physical therapy may be needed to rebuild calf strength.
手術完成後,關閉切口並包紮。患者可能使用術後鞋,步行靴或夾板制動。根據患者的需要以及在手術過程中是否進行了其他手術,腿將在6~8周內癒合。可能需要物理治療來恢復小腿的力量。
(胡佰文 譯)
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