RCEP涉及「數據」條款中英文對照,附全文中譯本下載 | DataLaws

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11月15日，中國等15個國家籤署《區域全面經濟夥伴關係協定》（RCEP），是為近期反全球化和貿易保護主義陰霾下為數不多的一抹亮色。

當前，無論是貨物貿易、服務貿易還是智慧財產權，都或多或少與數據相關。因此，RCEP中涉及數據的條款備受關注，尤其是其中涉及數據跨境的規定。室長團隊摘錄翻譯如下，供各位同仁參考：

協議全文目錄：

第一章 初始條款和一般定義

第二章 貨物貿易

第三章 原產地規則

第四章 海關程序與貿易便利化

第五章衛生與植物衛生措施

第六章 標準、技術法規和合格評定程序

第七章貿易救濟

第八章 服務貿易

第九章自然人移動

第十章 投資

第十一章 智慧財產權

第十二章 電子商務

第十三章 競爭

第十四章中小企業

第十五章 經濟與技術合作

第十六章 政府採購

第十七章 一般條款與例外

第十八章 機構條款

第十九章 爭端解決

第二十章 最終條款

RCEP協議中涉及數據的條款

（中英文對照）

Chapter 1  Initial Provisions and GeneralDefinitions

第一章 初始條款和一般定義

 

Article1.2 General Definitions

For the purpose of this Agreement,unless otherwise provided in this Agreement:

(u) personalinformation means any information, including data, about an identified oridentifiable individual;

 

第1.2條 一般定義

就本協議而言，除非在本協議中另有所指：

 (u) 個人信息指的是與已識別或可識別的個人的任何信息，包括數據。

 

Chapter 8  Trade in Services

第八章 服務貿易

 

ANNEX8A FIANACIAL SERVICESFor the purpose of this ANNEX:(b) Financial services including thefollowing activities:Banking and other financial services(excluding insurance):(xv) provision and transfer of financial information, and financial dataprocessing and related software by suppliers of other financial services; and…Article9: Transfer of Information and Processing of Information1. The Parties recognise that each Party may have its own regulatoryrequirements concerning the transfer of information and the processing ofinformation.（footnote: Forgreater certainty, a Party may adopt a different regulatory approach, and this paragraphdoes not affect and is without prejudice to a Party’s rights and obligations underthis Article.）2.   A Party shall not take measures that prevent:(a)transfers of information, including transfers of data by electronic orother means, necessary for the conduct of the ordinary business of a financialservice supplier in its territory; or(b)processing of information necessary for the conduct of the ordinarybusiness of a financial service supplier in its territory.3.  Nothing in paragraph 2 prevents a regulatory authority of aParty, for regulatory or prudential reasons, from requiring a financial servicesupplier in its territory to comply with its laws and regulations in relationto data management and storage and system maintenance, as well as to retainwithin its territory copies of records, provided that such requirements shallnot be used as a means of avoiding the Party’s commitments or obligations underthis Agreement.4. Nothing in paragraph 2 restricts the right of a Party to protectpersonal data, personal privacy, and the confidentiality of individual recordsand accounts including in accordance with its laws and regulations, providedthat such a right shall not be used as a means of avoiding the Party’scommitments or obligations under this Agreement.5. Nothing in paragraph 2 shall be construed to require a Party to allowthe cross-border supply or consumption abroad of services in relation to whichit has not made commitments, including to allow non-resident suppliers offinancial services to supply, as a principal, through an intermediary or as anintermediary, the provision and transfer of financial information and financialdata processing as referred to in subparagraph (b)(xv) of Article 1(Definitions).  (15) 其他金融服務提供者對金融信息的提供和傳輸、對金融數據的處理以及相關軟體；以及1.  各締約方認識到各締約方對信息的傳輸和處理有各自的法律規定。（腳註：需要進一步明確，各締約方可以採取不同的法律途徑，但本段並不會影響或損害各締約方在本條下的權利和義務）(a) 為在其境內從事金融服務提供者的日常業務所必需的信息傳輸，包括通過電子或其他方式進行的數據傳輸；以及(b) 處理在其境內從事金融服務提供者的日常業務所需的信息。3.  第2款的任何規定均不得用於阻止締約方的監管機構出於監管或審慎考慮，要求其境內的金融服務提供商遵守其有關數據管理，存儲和系統維護的法律法規，以及在其境內保留記錄的副本，但該締約方不得將此類要求用於規避該締約方在本協議中的承諾和義務。4.  第2款的任何規定均不得用於限制任一締約方對其個人數據、個人隱私的保護以及對個人記錄和帳戶保密的權利，包括依照其法律法規保護的權利，但該權利不得用於規避該締約方在本協議中的承諾和義務。5.  第2款的任何規定均不得解釋為要求某一締約方允許其未作出承諾的跨境交付和境外消費，包括允許非居民金融服務提供者作為委託人通過中介人或作為中介人提供和轉讓第1條（定義）第（b）（xv）項所指的金融信息和金融數據處理。

ANNEX8B TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES

Article4: Access and Use

4.  Notwithstanding paragraph 3, a Party may take measures that are necessaryto ensure the security and confidentiality of messages and to protect thepersonal information of end users of public telecommunications networks orservices, provided that such measures are not applied in a manner which wouldconstitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguisedrestriction on trade in services.

 

第八章 附件二：電信服務附件

第4條：獲取和使用

4.  儘管有第3款的規定，一締約方可採取必要的措施，以確保訊息的安全性和機密性，並保護公共電信網絡或服務的終端用戶的個人信息，但前提是該措施並不構成對服務貿易的任意或不合理的歧視或變相限制。

 

Chapter12 ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

第十二章 電子商務

 

SECTIONB: TRADE FACILITATIONArticle 12.8: Online Personal Information Protection1.  Each Party shall adopt or maintain a legal framework which ensures theprotection of personal information of the users of electronic commerce.（footnote：1. Cambodia, Lao PDR, andMyanmar shall not be obliged to apply this paragraph for a period of five yearsafter the date of entry into force of this Agreement；2. For greater certainty, aParty may comply with the obligation under this paragraph by adopting ormaintaining measures such as comprehensive privacy or personal informationprotection laws and regulations, sector-specific laws and regulations coveringthe protection of personal information, or laws and regulations that providefor the enforcement of contractual obligations assumed by juridical personsrelating to the protection of personal information.）2.  In the development of its legal framework for the protection of personalinformation, each Party shall take into account international standards,principles, guidelines, and criteria of relevant international organisations orbodies.3. Each Party shall publish information on the personal informationprotection it provides to users of electronic commerce, including how:(a)   individuals can pursue remedies; and(b)   business can comply with any legal requirements.4.   The Parties shall encourage juridical persons to publish, including on theinternet, their policies and procedures related to the protection of personalinformation.5.  The Parties shall cooperate, to the extent possible, for the protection ofpersonal information transferred from a Party.SECTIONE: OTHER PROVISIONSArticle12.16: Dialogue on Electronic Commerce1.   The Parties recognise thevalue of dialogue, including with stakeholders where appropriate, in promotingthe development and use of electronic commerce. In conducting such a dialogue,the Parties shall consider the following matters:（b） current and emerging issues, such as the treatment of digital products,source code, and cross-border data flow and the location of computingfacilities in financial services; and1.  每一締約方應採用或保持一定的法律體系，以確保對電子商務用戶個人信息的保護。（腳註：1. 柬埔寨、寮人民民主共和國和緬甸無義務在本協定生效之日起五年內適用本款；2. 需要進一步明確，締約方可以採取或維持措施，例如全面的與隱私或個人信息保護相關的法律法規，涉及個人信息保護的特定行業法律法規，或提供法人履行與保護個人信息有關的合同義務等方式履行本條下的義務）。2.  每一締約方在制定個人信息保護的法律體系時，應考慮到有關國際組織或機構的國際標準、原則、指導和準則等。3.  每一締約方應發布有關其為電子商務用戶提供的個人信息保護的信息，包括如何：4.  締約雙方應鼓勵法人在網絡發布其與保護個人信息有關的政策和程序。

5.  締約方應在可能的範圍內進行合作，以保護從另一締約方傳輸來的個人信息。

1. 締約方能夠認識到對話的價值，包括酌情與利益相關者對話，目的是促進電子商務的發展和使用。締約方在進行對話時，應考慮的事項有：（b）當前和正在出現的問題，例如對數字產品的處理，原始碼和跨境數據流以及金融服務中電腦計算設施的位置。

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