更好方便大家接觸英語和法律英語,超律志通過推薦境外案例帶大家學習。《英文案例選讀》系列撰稿人Alicia以公司法相關境外案例為學習材料著手,該系列具體包括三個部分:【Facts Material】、【Glossary】、【Holding of the Judges】。
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公眾號後臺回復關鍵詞「 仲裁條款 」,可獲取本案例全文學習。
一、Facts Material
Kent or Romney Marsh Sheepbreeders Association, the defendant, was registered on April 23, 1895, as an association not for profit. And its article 49 constitutes a submission to arbitration.
被告,Kent or Romney Marsh Sheepbreeders Association(以下簡稱「協會」)於1895年4月23日註冊為非營利組織,其中,該協會章程第49條構成協議仲裁。
On November 11, 1905, Alfred J. Hickman, the plaintiff, sent an application for membership and flock entry. On December 12, 1905, Hickman, was duly elected a member and two days later, written notice of his election was sent by the secretary with an intimation that his flock would be inspected. On December 18, 1914, Hickman issued a writ against the association and Chapman, claiming: 1. An injunction to restrain the association from employing Chapman as secretary; 2. An injunction to restrain the defendants from taking any steps to expel the plaintif from the association……
1905年11月11日,原告Alfred J. Hickman申請加入協會以成為協會一員及羊群進會。1905年12月12日,Hickman正式當選為協會會員,兩天後,協會秘書向其發出了書面當選通知,暗示他的羊群將需經過檢查。1914年12月18日,Hickman對協會和Chapman申請了令狀,聲稱:1.禁止該協會僱用Chapman擔任秘書;2.禁止被告採取任何方法將其逐出協會……
On January 12, 1915, the defendants issued a summon asking that all further proceedings in action be stayed pursuant to s.4 of the Arbitration Act, 1889, and that the matters in the question in the action be referred to arbitration in accordance with the provisions of article 49, or the alternatively under the submission to arbitration contained in Hickman’s written application for membership.
1915年1月12日,協會要求根據1889年《仲裁法》第4條及該協會章程第49條的規定或Hickman提出的書面入會申請書中所述的協議仲裁約定,中止所有進一步的訴訟程序,並將訴訟中所涉及的問題轉交給仲裁庭。
二、Glossary
Article:n. 物件,物品;文章,報導;條款,條文;契約;章程
Arbitration:n. 仲裁
Clause:n. (法律文件或正式文件的)條款;從句
Contend:vt. 主張,聲稱,認為 // vi. 爭鬥;爭奪,競爭
Expunge:vt. 除去,刪去;抹掉,拭去
Injunction:n. 禁止令,禁令;正式命令,指令
Memorandum:n. 備忘錄;意向書;協議記錄
Prejudice:n. 偏見,歧視;(對他人權利)的損害,侵害 // vt. 使懷有成見,使產生歧視;損害,傷害
Reconcile:vt. 使和解;調解;使相容;使順從,安於
Relief:n. 寬慰,慰藉;解除,減輕;救濟,救援,援助;救濟金;換班人,替換人;浮雕;司法救助
Resolution:n. 決定,決議,議案;問題解決,疑團消除;堅定,堅決,決心;決定;解析度,清晰度
Summon:n. 傳喚,傳票 // vt. 召喚;傳訊,傳喚;鼓起,振作
Writ:n. 令狀,書面命令;文書,文件;訴訟
三、Holding of the Judges
The judge held that in the present case, Hickman’s action is in substance, to enforce his rights as a member under the acticles against the association. Article 49 is a general article applying to all members as such, and it would seem reasonable that Hickman ought not to be allowed to in the absence of evidence filed by him to proceed with an action to enforce his right under the articles, seeing that the action is a breach of his obligation under article 49 to submit his disputes with the association, and if the case falls within the Act, I see no reason for exercising my discretion under s.4 in his favour.
法官認為,在本案中,Hickman的行為實質上是以協會章程為準則,行使其作為會員的權利進而起訴協會。該協議章程第49條是適用於所有協會會員的一般性條款。在沒有證據支持下,Hickman提起訴訟以行使其根據本章程規定的會員權利是不合理的,因為該訴訟違反了他根據協會章程第49條應遵循的爭議解決處理方式(仲裁)。如果該案適用《仲裁法》第4條,我認為沒有理由支持Hickman的主張。
The contract contained in Hickman’s applicaiton for membership, and the association’s acceptance of it amounts to a submission within the Arbitration Act. In conclusion, the contract so made between Hickman and the association is also a submission in writing within the true meaning and intent of the Act, and I make an order to stay under s.4 and direct that the matters in dispute in this action be referred to the arbitration accordingly.
Hickman的入會申請書中所包含的合同以及該協會對其入會申請的接受,等同於適用《仲裁法》相關規定。總之,因Hickman與協會之間訂立的合同符合《仲裁法》真正意義和立法目的,法官下令遵守《仲裁法》第4條,將此訴訟中的爭議事項相應地轉交仲裁庭。
Hickman v Kent or Romney Marsh Sheepbreeders Association一判例確立了以下原則:
於各組織成員而言,章程具有普適性,在組織與其成員之間達成一種契約關係。一成員申請加入該組織,而組織亦同意其加入,雙方便對章程達成一致共識。如章程約定成員間或成員與該組織間發生矛盾時爭議解決的處理方式為仲裁,則該仲裁條款有效,該成員應將其爭議提交給仲裁庭解決,而不能訴諸法院。
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公眾號後臺回復關鍵詞「 仲裁條款」,可獲取本案例全文學習。
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